Methods of generating high-production of antibodies from hybridomas created by in vitro immunization

ABSTRACT

The invention provides methods for generating high titers of high-affinity antibodies from hybridoma cells produced by fusing myeloma cells with in vitro immunized donor cells. The hybridoma cells or mammalian expression cells with cloned antibody genes from the hybridomas producing the high-affinity antibodies may be mismatch repair defective due to defects of endogenous mismatch repair subunits of through expression of a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene which allows the hybridoma cell to be hypermutable, may be rendered hypermutable by chemical means, or may be naturally mismatch repair deficient. High-affinity antibodies and high titer producer cells producing antibodies may be prepared by the methods of the invention.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This Application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/427,165 filed Nov. 15, 2002 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/501,650 filed Sep. 10, 2003, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The invention relates to the generation of hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titers. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of an in vitro immunization method in conjunction with hybridoma technology using dominant negative mismatch repair genes or chemical inhibitors of mismatch repair to produce high titers of antigen specific antibodies of the IgG subclass, that bind to the antigen with high affinity.

BACKGROUND OF THE RELATED ART

[0003] The use of antibodies to block the activity of foreign and/or endogenous polypeptides provides an effective and selective strategy for treating the underlying cause of disease. In particular is the use of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) as effective therapeutics such as theFDA approved ReoPro (Glaser, (1996) Nat. Biotechnol. 14:1216-1217), an anti-platelet MAb from Centocor; Herceptin (Weiner, (1999) Semin. Oncol. 26:43-51), an anti-Her2/neu MAb from Genentech; and Synagis (SaezLlorens, et al. (1998) Pediat. Infect. Dis. J. 17:787-791), an anti-respiratory syncytial virus MAb produced by Medimmune.

[0004] Standard methods for generating MAbs against candidate protein targets are known by those skilled in the art. Briefly, rodents such as mice or rats are injected with a purified antigen in the presence of adjuvant to generate an immune response (Shield, et al. (1996) Am. J. Kidney Dis. 27: 855-864). Rodents with positive immune sera are sacrificed and splenocytes are isolated. Isolated splenocytes are fused to melanomas to produce immortalized cell lines that are then screened for antibody production. Positive lines are isolated and characterized for antibody production. The direct use of rodent MAbs as human therapeutic agents were confounded by the fact that human anti-rodent antibody (HARA) responses occurred in a significant number of patients treated with the rodent-derived antibody (Khazaeli, et al., (1994) Immunother. 15:42-52). In order to circumvent the problem of HARA, the grafting of the complementarity determining regions (CDRs), which are the critical motifs found within the heavy and light chain variable regions of the immunoglobulin (Ig) subunits making up the antigen binding domain, onto a human antibody backbone found these chimeric molecules are able to retain their binding activity to antigen while lacking the HARA response (Emery and Harris, “Strategies for humanizing antibodies” In: ANTIBODY ENGINEERING, C. A. K. Borrebaeck (Ed.) Oxford University Press, NY, 1995. pp. 159-183. A common problem that exists during the “humanization” of rodent-derived MAbs (referred to hereafter as HAb) is the loss of binding affinity due to conformational changes in the three-dimensional structure of the CDR domain upon grafting onto the human Ig backbone (U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,101 to Queen et al.). To overcome this problem, additional HAb vectors are usually needed to be engineered by inserting or deleting additional amino acid residues within the framework region and/or within the CDR coding region itself in order to recreate high affinity HAbs (U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,101 to Queen et al.). This process is a very time consuming procedure that involves the use of expensive computer modeling programs to predict changes that may lead to a high affinity HAb. In some instances the affinity of the HAb is never restored to that of the MAb, rendering them of little therapeutic use.

[0005] Another problem that exists in antibody engineering is the generation of stable, high yielding producer cell lines that is required for manufacturing of the molecule for clinical materials. Several strategies have been adopted in standard practice by those skilled in the art to circumvent this problem. One method is the use of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells transfected with exogenous Ig fusion genes containing the grafted human light and heavy chains to produce whole antibodies or single chain antibodies, which are a chimeric molecule containing both light and heavy chains that form an antigen-binding polypeptide (Reff, M. E. (1993) Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 4:573-576). Another method employs the use of human lymphocytes derived from transgenic mice containing a human grafted immune system or transgenic mice containing a human Ig gene repertoire. Yet another method employs the use of monkeys to produce primate MAbs, which have been reported to lack a human anti-monkey response (Neuberger and Gruggermann (1997) Nature 386:25-26). In all cases, the generation of a cell line that is capable of generating sufficient amounts of high affinity antibody poses a major limitation for producing sufficient materials for clinical studies. Because of these limitations, the utility of other recombinant systems such as plants are currently being explored as systems that will lead to the stable, high-level production of humanized antibodies (Fiedler and Conrad (1995) Bio/Technology 13:1090-1093).

[0006] One strategy to overcome the problem of human reactions against foreign antibodies is to stimulate human immunoglobulin-producing cells in vitro. Various attempts to stimulate human antibody production in vitro typically have resulted in low affinity antibodies of the IgM subclass (Zafiropoulos et al (1997) J. Immunological Methods 200:181-190).

[0007] A method for generating diverse antibody sequences within the variable domain that results in HAbs and MAbs with high binding affinities to antigens would be useful for the creation of more potent therapeutic and diagnostic reagents respectively. Moreover, the generation of randomly altered nucleotide and polypeptide residues throughout an entire antibody molecule will result in new reagents that are less antigenic and/or have beneficial pharmacokinetic properties. The invention described herein is directed to the use of random genetic mutation throughout an antibody structure in vitro by blocking the endogenous mismatch repair (MMR) activity of a host cell producing immunoglobulins that encode biochemically active antibodies. The invention also relates to methods for repeated in vitro genetic alterations and selection for antibodies with enhanced binding and pharmacokinetic profiles.

[0008] In addition, the ability to develop genetically altered host cells that are capable of secreting increased amounts of antibody also will provide a valuable method for creating cell hosts for product development. The invention described herein is further directed to the creation of genetically altered cell hosts with increased antibody production via the blockade of MMR. The invention facilitates the generation of high affinity antibodies and the production of cell lines with elevated levels of antibody production derived from hybridoma cells. The invention described herein provides methods for generating antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Other advantages of the present invention are described in the examples and figures described herein.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The invention provides methods for producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0010] In some embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a truncation mutation of the PMS2 gene (e.g., a PMS2-134 gene). In some embodiments of the method of the invention, antibodies are screened using an ELISA-based assay or other assays that can measure antibody-antigen binding. In some embodiments, the screening assays screen for hypermutated hybridomas that produce higher affinity antibodies than those produced by the parental hybridomas. In other embodiments, the screening assays screen for hypermutated hybridomas that produce antibodies in higher titers than the parental hybridomas.

[0011] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the method further comprises inactivation of the dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.

[0012] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the dominant negative mismatch repair gene is introduced into the hybridoma cell after the fusion of said myeloma with the immunoglobulin-producing cells. In other embodiments, the dominant negative mismatch repair gene is introduced into the myeloma cell prior to the fusion with the immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0013] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0014] The invention also comprises methods for producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor blood cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen of the hypermutated hybridoma cells for antigen-specific antibodies produced in higher titers than that produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by the parental hybridoma cells.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a truncation mutation of the PMS2 gene (e.g., a PMS2-134 gene). In some embodiments of the method of the invention, antibodies are screened using an ELISA-based assay. In some embodiments, the screening assays screen for hypermutated hybridomas that produce higher affinity antibodies than those produced by the parental hybridomas. In other embodiments, the screening assays screen for hypermutated hybridomas that produce antibodies in higher titers than the parental hybridomas.

[0016] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the method further comprising inactivation of the dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.

[0017] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the dominant negative mismatch repair gene is introduced into the hybridoma cell after the fusion of said myeloma with the immunoglobulin-producing cells. In other embodiments, the dominant negative mismatch repair gene is introduced into the myeloma cell prior to the fusion with the immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0018] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene is subsequently inactivated in order to restabilize the genome of the cell.

[0019] The dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene may be introduced into the myeloma cell prior to fusion with the immunoglobulin producing cells. Thus, the resulting hybridoma cells express the same dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene as the myeloma cells. Alternatively, the dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene may be introduced into the hybridoma cells.

[0020] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0021] The invention further provides recombinant myeloma cells comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a dominant negative mismatch repair protein. The dominant negative mismatch repair protein may be a dominant negative form of, for example, a PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and PMSR proteins encoded by homologs of the PMSR genes as described in Nicolaides et al. (1995) Genomics 30:195-206 and Horii et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204:1257-1264. In some embodiments, the recombinant myeloma cell expresses a polynucleotide encoding a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene (e.g., a truncation mutation of the PMS2 gene, such as the PMS2-134 gene).

[0022] In some embodiments, the recombinant myeloma cell is a human cell. In other embodiments, the recombinant myeloma cell does not express immunoglobulin genes and/or Epstein-Barr virus. In other embodiments, the myeloma cells are HAT sensitive.

[0023] The invention also provides a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell, wherein said mammalian expression cell expresses a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (e) performing a screen for mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0024] In some embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell prior to introduction of the immunoglobulin genes. In other embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell after introduction of said immunoglobulin genes. In other embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into the mammalian expression cell with the immunoglobulin genes simultaneously.

[0025] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells.

[0026] The invention also provides a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells, wherein said hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for said antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized human immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0027] In some embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is present in the myeloma cell prior to cell fusion In other embodiments, the dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene is introduced into the hybridoma cell after cell fusion.

[0028] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells.

[0029] The invention also provides a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from the hybridoma into a parental mammalian expression cell, wherein the mammalian expression cell expresses a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (e) incubating the parental mammalian expression cell to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated mammalian expression cells; (f) performing a screen of hypermutable mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells; and (g) performing a screen of hypermutable mammalian expression cells that secrete higher titers of antibodies than parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0030] In some embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell prior to introduction of the immunoglobulin genes. In other embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell after introduction of said immunoglobulin genes. In other embodiments, the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into the mammalian expression cell with the immunoglobulin genes simultaneously.

[0031] The invention also provides antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells.

[0032] The invention also provides recombinant, hypermutable mammalian expression cells comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a dominant negative mismatch repair protein.

[0033] The mismatch repair gene may be a dominant negative mismatch repair gene, including, but not limited to a dominant negative form of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes as described in Nicolaides et al. (1995) Genomics 30:195-206 and Horii et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204:1257-1264. A non-limiting example includes a dominant negative truncation mutant of PMS2 (e.g., a PMS2-134 gene).

[0034] The invention also provides methods for producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for antigen binding for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0035] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0036] The invention also provides methods for producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen of the hypermutated hybridoma cells for antigen-specific antibodies produced in higher titers than that produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of antibodies.

[0037] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the hypermutated hybridoma cells also are screened for the production of higher titers of antibodies than that produced by the parental hybridomas. The screening may be using an ELISA-based assay, or any other means to measure antibody-antigen binding.

[0038] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0039] The invention also provides methods for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for antigen binding of antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from the hybridoma cells into a mammalian expression cell; (e) incubating the mammalian expression cell in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair; (f) performing a screen for mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0040] In some embodiments of the method of the invention the method may further comprise the removal of the chemical inhibitor from the hypermutated mammalian expression cells, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.

[0041] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells

[0042] The invention also provides methods for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high affinity antibodies to a selected antigen from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) incubating the hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair to form hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for antigen binding for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from the hypermutated hybridoma cells into a mammalian expression cell, thereby forming parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0043] In some embodiments, the parental mammalian expression cell is further incubated in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming a hypermutated mammalian expression cell; and the hypermutated mammalian expression cells are screened for higher production of antibodies than that of the parental mammalian expression cells.

[0044] In some embodiments of the method of the invention the method may further comprise the removal of the chemical inhibitor from the hypermutated hybridoma and/or hypermutated mammalian expression cells, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma cells and/or hypermutated mammalian expression cells.

[0045] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells.

[0046] The invention also provides a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; (e) incubating said mammalian expression cell in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming a hypermutated mammalian expression cell; (f) performing a screen for hypermutated mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said parental mammalian expression cells; and (g) performing a second screen for hypermutated mammalian expression cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0047] In some embodiments of the method of the invention the method may further comprise the removal of the chemical inhibitor from the hypermutated hybridoma and/or hypermutated mammalian expression cells, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma cells and/or hypermutated mammalian expression cells.

[0048] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells.

[0049] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0050] The method may further comprise introducing a wild-type gene for mismatch repair into said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell to complement the mismatch repair deficiency, thereby restabilizing the genome of said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell.

[0051] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0052] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0053] The method may further comprise introducing a wild-type gene for mismatch repair into said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell to complement the mismatch repair deficiency, thereby restabilizing the genome of said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell.

[0054] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0055] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells in high titers comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) performing a second screen for hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce increased titers of antibodies as compared with parental hybridoma cells; (g) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies in higher titers than produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies.

[0056] The method may further comprise introducing a wild-type gene for mismatch repair into said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell to complement the mismatch repair deficiency, thereby restabilizing the genome of said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell.

[0057] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0058] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells in high titers comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) performing a second screen for hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce increased titers of antibodies as compared with parental hybridoma cells; (g) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies in higher titers than produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies.

[0059] The method may further comprise introducing a wild-type gene for mismatch repair into said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell to complement the mismatch repair deficiency, thereby restabilizing the genome of said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell.

[0060] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0061] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titers from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing a mammalian expression cell that produces high titers of high-affinity antibodies in high titer from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0062] In some embodiments, the parental mammalian expression cell is further incubated in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming a hypermutated mammalian expression cell; and the hypermutated mammalian expression cells are screened for higher production of antibodies than that of the parental mammalian expression cells.

[0063] In some embodiments of the method of the invention the method may further comprise the removal of the chemical inhibitor from the hypermutated mammalian expression cells, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.

[0064] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells.

[0065] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titer from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma cell into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0066] In some embodiments, the parental mammalian expression cell is further incubated in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming a hypermutated mammalian expression cell; and the hypermutated mammalian expression cells are screened for higher production of antibodies than that of the parental mammalian expression cells.

[0067] In some embodiments of the method of the invention the method may further comprise the removal of the chemical inhibitor from the hypermutated mammalian expression cells, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.

[0068] The invention also comprises antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells.

[0069] In some embodiments of the methods of the invention, the immunoglobulin-producing cells are mammalian cells, including but not limited to, mouse cells, rat cells, goat cells, cow cells, horse cells, dog cells, cat cells, rabbit cells, bird cells, monkey cells and human cells. In preferred embodiments, the cells are human cells.

[0070] In some embodiments the dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is a dominant negative allele of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes as described in Nicolaideset al. (1995) Genomics 30:195-206 and Horii et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204:1257-1264. However, the mismatch repair genes are not limit to these examples.

[0071] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the immunogenic antigen is conjugated to a mitogenic polypeptide comprising at least a portion of a polypeptide including, but not limited to tetanus toxoid, ovalbumin, bovine serum albumen, thyroglobulin, diptheria toxoid, BCG, and cholera toxin. In some embodiments, the antigen is generated by denaturing the mature protein.

[0072] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the antibodies produced have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁸ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁹ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹⁰ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹¹ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹² M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹³ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.

[0073] In some embodiments, the antibodies are produced in a higher titer than the parental cell lines, such as in an amount of at least about 1.5 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 1.5-3 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 3-5 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 5-7 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 7-9 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 9-10 fold higher than the parental cell line.

[0074] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, mutation rates are further enhanced by incubating the hybridoma cells with a chemical mutagen, such as, but not limited to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, procarbazine hydrochloride, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, methyl methanesulfonate, ethyl methanesulfonate, diethyl sulfate, acrylamide monomer, triethylene melamin, melphalan, nitrogen mustard, vincristine, dimethylnitrosamine, N-methyl-N′-nitro-nitrosoguanidine, 7,12 dimethylbenz (a) anthracene, ethylene oxide, hexamethylphosphoramide, and bisulfan.

[0075] The chemical inhibitors of mismatch repair used in certain embodiments of the methods of the invention include, but are not limited to, at least one of an anthracene, an ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein. In some embodiments, the chemical inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

[0076] wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups. In certain embodiments, R₅ and R₆ are hydrogen. In other embodiments, R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl. Non-limiting examples of the anthracenes include 1,2-dimethylanthracene, 9,10-dimethylanthracene, 7,8-dimethylanthracene, 9,10-duphenylanthracene, 9,10-dihydroxymethylanthracene, 9-hydroxymethyl-10-methylanthracene, dimethylanthracene-1,2-diol, 9-hydroxymethyl-10-methylanthracene-1,2-diol, 9-hydroxymethyl-10-methylanthracene-3,4-diol, and 9,10-di-m-tolylanthracene.

[0077] The chemical inhibitor may be introduced into the growth medium of the cells. In some embodiments, the chemical inhibitor may be withdrawn from the hypermutated hybridoma cells in order to re-stabilize the genome of the cells.

[0078] The invention also comprises a method for in vitro production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) isolating donor cells from an animal; (b) treating said cells with L-leucyl-L-leucine methy ester hydrobromide; (c) incubating said donor cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, at 25-37° C., 5-10% CO₂, in medium supplemented with 5-15% serum, and a growth promoting cytokine for 4 days; (d) washing said cells in medium; and (e) culturing said cells in medium supplemented with 5-15% serum an additional 8 days; thereby stimulating the production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0079] In some embodiments, the immunoglobulin-producing cells are human cells.

[0080] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the immunogenic antigen is conjugated to a mitogenic polypeptide comprising at least a portion of a polypeptide including, but not limited to tetanus toxoid, ovalbumin, bovine serum albumen, thyroglobulin, diptheria toxoid, BCG, and cholera toxin. In some embodiments, the antigen is generated by denaturing the mature protein.

[0081] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the antibodies produced have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁸ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁹ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹⁰ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹¹ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹² M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹³ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.

[0082] In some embodiments, the antibodies are produced in a higher titer than the parental cell lines, such as in an amount of at least about 1.5 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 1.5-3 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 3-5 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 5-7 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 7-9 fold higher than the parental cell line. In other embodiments, the titer is at least about 9-10 fold higher than the parental cell line.

[0083] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, mutation rates are further enhanced by incubating the hybridoma cells and/or mammalian expression cells with a chemical mutagen, such as, but not limited to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, procarbazine hydrochloride, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, methyl methanesulfonate, ethyl methanesulfonate, diethyl sulfate, acrylamide monomer, triethylene melamin, melphalan, nitrogen mustard, vincristine, dimethylnitrosamine, N-methyl-N′-nitro-nitrosoguanidine, 7,12 dimethylbenz (a) anthracene, ethylene oxide, hexamethylphosphoramide, and bisulfan.

[0084] The mammalian expression cells used in the methods of the invention may include, but are not limited to, Chinese Hamster Ovary, baby hamster kidney cells, human embryonic kidney line 293, normal dog kidney cell lines, normal cat kidney cell lines, monkey kidney cells, African green monkey kidney cells, COS cells, and non-tumorigenic mouse myoblast G8 cells, fibroblast cell lines, myeloma cell lines, mouse NIH/3T3 cells, LMTK³¹cells, mouse sertoli cells, human cervical carcinoma cells, buffalo rat liver cells, human lung cells, human liver cells, mouse mammary tumor cells, TRI cells, MRC 5 cells, and FS4 cells.

[0085] These and other embodiments are described more fully in the next section and include certain non-limiting examples.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086]FIG. 1 shows the immune response of PBMCs to antigen stimulation. PBMCs were cultured in the presence or absence of TT for 4 days then washed with medium and cultured in the presence or absence of TT for an additional eight days. Culture supernates were collected and tested for the presence of antibody reactive to TT. Antibodies bound to TT pre-coated on the solid phase were detected with HRP-labeled goat anti-human IgG, or HRP-labeled goat anti-human IgM.

[0087]FIG. 2A shows reactivity of donor serum to TT by detection of donor anti-TT IgG. FIG. 2B shows reactivity of donor serum to TT by detection of donor anti-TT IgM.

[0088]FIG. 3 shows the frequency of the anti-TT response of PBMCs upon in vitro immunization with TT, or with TT in combination with IL-2, or CD40L.

[0089]FIG. 4 shows the intensity of the response of PBMCs upon in vitro immunization with TT, or with TT in combination with IL-2, or CD40L.

[0090]FIG. 5 shows the response of hybridomas expressing anti-TT antibodies.

[0091]FIG. 6A shows the reactivity of unstimulated PBMCs to EGFR. FIG. 6B shows the reactivity of PBMCs to EGFR after immunization with EGFR-TT. FIG. 6C shows the reactivity of unstimulated PBMCs to EGFR-TT. FIG. 6D shows the reactivity of PBMCs to EGFR-TT after immunization with EGFR-TT.

[0092]FIG. 7 shows the response of hybridomas expressing antibodies against human EGFR. Antibodies bound to EGFR or BSA (control) pre-coated on the solid phase were detected with HRP-labeled goat anti-human IgG or HRP-labeled goat anti-human IgM.

[0093]FIG. 8 shows the IgG and IgM responses of cells immunized with tumor cells in vitro.

[0094]FIG. 9 shows reactivity of clones to GM-CSF, chick ovalbumin (CAB), or keyhole limpet hemocyanin.

[0095]FIG. 10 shows inhibitory effect of anti-GM-CSF antibodies on proliferation of TF-1 cells. Shown are the effects of a GM-CSF-specific, blocking antibody; a GM-CSF-specific, non-blocking antibody; and a non-specific antibody.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0096] The referenced patents, patent applications, and scientific literature, including accession numbers to GenBank database sequences, referred to herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Any conflict between any reference cited herein and the specific teachings of this specification shall be resolved in favor of the latter. Likewise, any conflict between an art-understood definition of a word or phrase and a definition of the word or phrase as specifically taught in this specification shall be resolved in favor of the latter.

[0097] Standard reference works setting forth the general principles of recombinant DNA technology known to those of skill in the art include, but are not limited to Ausubel et al. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1998); Sambrook et al. MOLECULAR CLONING: A LABORATORY MANUAL, 2D ED., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Plainview, New York (1989); Kaufman et aL, Eds., HANDBOOK OF MOLECULAR and CELLUAR METHODS IN BIOLOGY ANd MEDICINE, CRC Press, Boca Raton (1995); McPherson, Ed., DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS: A PRATICAL APPROACH, IRL Press, Oxford (1991).

[0098] The invention provides various embodiments of a method for producing antibody-producing cells and antibodies from in vitro immunized cells with high affinity, and/or increased production. In some embodiments, the cells that produce the antibodies are hybridoma cells, formed by fusing myeloma cells with the lymphoid cells that have been immunized against an antigen in vitro. In other embodiments, the cells that produce the antibodies are mammalian cells that have been transfected with immunoglobulin genes cloned from lymphoid cells that have been immunized against an antigen in vitro. In some embodiments, the method employs both hybridoma cells and mammalian cells. Some basic embodiments of the method of the invention may be described as follows.

[0099] In one embodiment, the invention provides a method for generating hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized, immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0100] In another embodiment, the invention provides methods of producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen of the hypermutated hybridoma cells for antigen-specific antibodies produced in higher titers than that produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies.

[0101] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell, wherein said mammalian expression cell expresses a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; and (e) performing a screen for mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0102] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced by: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells, wherein said hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for said antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; and (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0103] In yet another embodiment, the invention provides mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced by: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from the hybridoma into a parental mammalian expression cell, wherein the mammalian expression cell expresses a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (e) incubating the parental mammalian expression cell to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated mammalian expression cells; (f) performing a screen of hypermutable mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells; and (g) performing a screen of hypermutable mammalian expression cells that secrete higher titers of antibodies than parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0104] In yet another embodiment, the invention provides a method of producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced by: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for antigen binding for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies.

[0105] In still another embodiment, the invention provides a method of producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced by: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen of the hypermutated hybridoma cells for antigen-specific antibodies produced in higher titers than that produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of antibodies.

[0106] In another embodiment, the invention provides methods for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced by: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for antigen binding of antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from the hybridoma cells into a mammalian expression cell; (e) incubating the mammalian expression cell in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair; and (f) performing a screen for mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from the hybridoma cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0107] In yet another embodiment, the invention provides a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high affinity antibodies to a selected antigen from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced in high titers by: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridora cells; (c) incubating the hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair to form hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for antigen binding for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from the hypermutated hybridoma cells into a mammalian expression cell, thereby forming parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0108] In yet another embodiment, the invention also provides methods for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; -(d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; (e) incubating said mammalian expression cell in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming a hypermutated mammalian expression cell; (f) performing a screen for hypermutated mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said parental mammalian expression cells; and (g) performing a second screen for hypermutated mammalian expression cells that produce higher titers of antibodies that produced by parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0109] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0110] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.

[0111] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells in high titers comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) performing a second screen for hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce increased titers of antibodies as compared with parental hybridoma cells; and(g) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies in higher titers than produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies.

[0112] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells in high titers comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) performing a second screen for hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce increased titers of antibodies as compared with parental hybridoma cells; and (g) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies in higher titers than produced by the parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies.

[0113] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titers from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair, (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing a mammalian expression cell that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies in high titer from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0114] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titer from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma cell into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0115] The invention also provides hybridoma cells, expression cells produced by any of the methods of the invention, as well as antibodies produced by any of the hybridoma cells and expression cells of the invention.

[0116] In still another embodiment, antigen-specific immunoglobulin-producing cells are produced by: (a) isolating donor cells from an animal; (b) treating said cells with L-leucyl-L-leucine methy ester hydrobromide; (c) incubating said donor cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, at 25-37° C., 5-10% CO₂, in medium supplemented with 5-15% serum, and a growth promoting cytokine for 4 days; (d) washing said cells in medium; and (e) culturing said cells in medium supplemented with 5-15% serum an additional 8 days; thereby stimulating the production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin-producing cells.

[0117] The blood cells used in the methods of the invention may be derived from any animal that produces antibodies. Preferably, the donor cells are derived from mammals, including, but not limited to humans, monkeys, mice, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, gerbils, birds, rabbits, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, and cows. The source of blood is not necessarily limited, but may be whole blood or fractions containing lymphocytes. The blood may be donor or cord blood, for example. In some embodiments, the blood cells are preferably human donor cells.

[0118] The myeloma cells used to create the hybridoma cells in the method of the invention may be derived from any species known to have suitable myeloma cells. For example, but not by way of limitation, the myeloma cells may be conveniently derived from humans or mice. Suitable examples of myeloma cells include, but are not limited to the HuNS1 myeloma as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,459 to Winkelhake, and deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) as CRL 8644; GM4672; RPMI 8226; and murine myeloma cell lines (e.g., P3-NS1/1-Ag4-1; P3-x63-Ag8.653; Sp2/O-Ag14; NS/O, NS/1, SP2 and S194).

[0119] The mammalian expression cells suitable for use in certain embodiments of the method of the invention include, but are not limited to Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO cells, Urlaub and Chasin (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77: 4216), baby hamsterkidney (BHK cells), human embryonic kidney line 293 (HeLa cells, Grahamet al., (1977) J. Gen Virol., 36: 59), normal dog kidney cell line (e.g., MDCK, ATCC CCL 34), normal cat kidney cell line (CRFK cells), monkey kidney cells (CVI ATCC CCL 70); African green monkey kidney cells (VERO-76, ATCC CRL-1587), COS (e.g., COS-7) cells, and non-tumorigenic mouse myoblast G8 cells (e.g., ATCC CRL 1246), fibroblast cell lines (e.g., human, murine or chicken embryo fibroblast cell lines), myeloma cell lines, mouse NIH/3T3 cells, LMTK³¹ cells, mouse sertoli cells (TM4, Mather, (1980) Biol. Reprod., 23:243-251); human cervical carcinoma cells (HELA, ATCC CCL 2); buffalo rat liver cells (BRL 3A, ATCC CRL 1442); human lung cells (W138, ATCC CCL 75); human liver cells (Hep G2, HB 8065); mouse mammary tumor cells (MMT 060562, ATCC CCL51), TRI cells (Mather et al (1982) Annals N.Y. Acad. Sci. 383:44-68); MRC 5 cells; FS4 cells; and the human hepatoma line (Hep G2).

[0120] As an alternative to mammalian expression cells, other non-mammalian cells may be used to express the cloned immunoglobulin genes. Such non-mammalian cells include, but are not limited to insect cells (e.g., Spodoptera frugiperda cells and the like). Vectors and non-mammalian host cells are well known in the art and are continually being optimized and developed. Any host cell system capable of expressing antibodies may be used in the methods of the invention.

[0121] As used herein, “dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene” refers to an allele of a mismatch repair gene that, when expressed, exerts a dominant phenotype in the cell or organism that leads to an inhibition of the mismatch repair system, even in the presence of a wild-type allele. Cells expressing a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene are hypermutable and accumulate mutations at a higher rate than wild-type cells. Examples of nucleic acid sequences encoding mismatch repair proteins useful in the method of the invention include, but are not limited to the following: PMS1 (SEQ ID NO:1); PMS2 (SEQ ID NO:3); PMS2-134 (SEQ ID NO:5); PMSR2 (SEQ ID NO:7); PMSR3 (SEQ ID NO:9); MLH1 (SEQ ID NO:11); MLH3 (SEQ ID NO:13); MSH2 (SEQ ID NO:15); MSH3 (SEQ ID NO:17); MSH4 (SEQ ID NO:19); MSH5 (SEQ ID NO:21); MSH6 (SEQ ID NO:23); PMSR6 (SEQ ID NO:25); PMSL9 (SEQ ID NO:27); yeast MLH1 (SEQ ID NO:29); mouse PMS2 (SEQ ID NO:31); mouse PMS2-134 (SEQ ID NO:33); Arabidopsis thaliana PMS2 (SEQ ID NO:35); A. thaliana PMS2-134 (SEQ ID NO:37) A. thaliana PMS1 (SEQ ID NO:39); A. thaliana MSH7 (SEQ ID NO:41) A. thaliana MSH2 (SEQ ID NO:43); A thaliana MSH3 (SEQ ID NO:45); A. thaliana MSH6-1 (SEQ ID NO:47); and Oryza satvia MLH1 (SEQ ID NO:49). The corresponding amino acid sequences for the listed nucleic acid sequences are: PMS1 (SEQ ID NO:2); PMS2 (SEQ ID NO:4); PMS2-134 (SEQ ID NO:6); PMSR2 (SEQ ID NO:8); PMSR3 (SEQ ID NO:10); MLH1 (SEQ ID NO:12); MLH3 (SEQ ID NO:14); MSH2 (SEQ ID NO:16); MSH3 (SEQ ID NO:18); MSH4 (SEQ ID NO:20); MSH5 (SEQ ID NO:22); MSH6 (SEQ ID NO:24); PMSR6 (SEQ ID NO:26); PMSL9 (SEQ ID NO:28); yeast MLH1 (SEQ ID NO:30); mouse PMS2 (SEQ ID NO:32); mouse PMS2-134 (SEQ ID NO:34); Arabidopsis thaliana PMS2 (SEQ ID NO:36); A. thaliana PMS2-134 (SEQ ID NO:38); A. thaliana PMS1 (SEQ ID NO:40); A. thaliana MSH7 (SEQ ID NO:42) A. thaliana MSH2 (SEQ ID NO:44); A. thaliana MSH3 (SEQ ID NO:46); A. thaliana MSH6-1 (SEQ ID NO:48); and Oryza satvia MLH1 (SEQ ID NO:50).

[0122] As used herein, “high titer” refers to an titer of at least about 1.5 fold higher than the parental cell line. In some embodiments, the titer is at least about 1.5-3 fold higher, 3-5 fold higher, 5-7 fold higher, 7-9 fold higher, or 9-10 fold higher than the parental cell line.

[0123] As used herein, “high affinity” refers to a high antibody binding affinity, that may be calculated according to standard methods by the formula K_(a)=8/3 (It-Tt) where “It” is the total molar concentration of inhibitor uptake at 50% tracer and “Tt” is the total molar concentration of tracer. See Muller (1980) J. Immunol. Meth. 34:345-352. Binding affinity may also be calculated using the formula B/T=n*N_(Ab)*W¹⁰⁸[(V−V_(m))K+Q*W] (See Antoni and Mariani (1985) J. Immunol. Meth. 83:61-68). As used herein, “high affinity” is at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹. In some embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁸ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁹ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹⁰ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹¹ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹² M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹³ M⁻¹. In other embodiments, the antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.

[0124] As used herein, “antigen-specific” refers to an interaction between the CDR regions of the immunoglobulin molecule with an epitope of the antigen wherein the CDR regions of the immunoglobulin molecule binds to the epitope.

[0125] As used herein, “cured” refers to a state of the cells wherein the dominant negative mismatch repair gene has been eliminated from the cell or wherein the expression of the dominant negative allele has been turned off, leading to a stabilized genome, producing stable biological products such as immunoglobulins.

[0126] In some embodiments of the methods of the invention, mismatch repair is inhibited by introducing a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene into a cell.

[0127] In other embodiments of the methods of the invention, mismatch repair is inhibited by exposing cells that express an antibody to a compound that inhibits mismatch repair. In some embodiments, the compound is an ATPase inhibitor. Suitable ATPase inhibitors include, but not limited to ATP analogs that are capable of blocking the ATPase activity necessary for mismatch repair in the cell. Examples of ATP analogs that may be used in the methods of the invention, include, but are not limited to non-hydrolyzable forms of ATP, such as AMP-PNP and ATPγS, which block mismatch repair activity (Galio et al. (1999) Nucl. Acids Res. 27:2325-2331; Allen et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:4467-4476; Bjornson et al. (2000) Biochem. 39:3176-3183). Other suitable ATPase inhibitors may be identified using mismatch repair reporter cells that may be screened with candidate ATPase inhibitors to identify those compounds which effectively block ATPase activity in the cells.

[0128] In other embodiments of the methods of the invention, mismatch repair is inhibited by exposing cells that express an antibody to a nuclease inhibitor. The nuclease inhibitors are capable of blocking exonuclease activity in the mismatch repair biochemical pathway. Mismatch repair reporter cells may be screened with candidate nuclease inhibitors to identify compounds that effectively block the exonuclease activity of the mismatch repair system. Suitable nuclease inhibitors which may be used in the methods of the invention include, but are not limited to analogs of N-ethylmaleimide, an endonuclease inhibitor (Huang et al. (1995) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 316:485); heterodimeric adenosine-chain-acridine compounds, exonuclease III inhibitors (Belmont et al. (2000) Bioorg. Med. Chem Lett. 10:293-295); as well as antibiotic compounds such as heliquinomycin, which have helicase inhibitory activity (Chino et al. (1998) J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 51:480-486). Other suitable nuclease inhibitors may be identified using mismatch repair reporter cells that may be screened with candidate nuclease inhibitors to identify those compounds which effectively block nuclease activity in the cells.

[0129] In other embodiments of the methods of the invention, mismatch repair is inhibited by exposing the cells producing antibodies to DNA polymerase inhibitors. DNA polymerase inhibitors are capable of blocking the polymerization of DNA which is required for functional mismatch repair. Examples of suitable DNA polymerase inhibitors include, but are not limited to actinomycin D (Martin et al. (1990) J. Immunol. 145:1859); aphidicolin (Kuwakado et al. (1993) Biochem. Pharmacol. 46:1909); 1-(2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil (L-FMAU) (Kukhanova et al. (1998) Biochem. Pharmacol. 55:1181-1187); and 2′3′-dideoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates (ddNTPs) (Ono et al. (1984) Biomed. Pharmacother. 38:382-389). Other suitable DNA polymerase inhibitors may be identified using mismatch repair reporter cells that may be screened with candidate DNA polymerase inhibitors to identify those compounds which effectively block DNA polymerase activity in the cells.

[0130] In other embodiments of the methods of the invention, mismatch repair is inhibited by exposing the cells producing antibody to an anthracene. As used herein the term “anthracene” refers to the compound anthracene. However, when referred to in the general sense, such as “anthracenes,” “an anthracene” or “the anthracene,” such terms denote any compound that contains the fused triphenyl core structure of anthracene, i.e.,

[0131] regardless of extent of substitution. The anthracene may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0132] As used herein, “alkyl” refers to a hydrocarbon containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups may straight, branched, cyclic, or combinations thereof. Alkyl groups thus include, by way of illustration only, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, and the like. Also included within the definition of “alkyl” are fused and/or polycyclic aliphatic cyclic ring systems such as, for example, adamantane. As used herein the term “alkenyl” denotes an alkyl group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond. As used herein the term “alkynyl” denotes an alkyl group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.

[0133] In some preferred embodiments, the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aryloxy, and heteroaryl substituent groups described above may bear one or more further substituent groups; that is, they may be “substituted”. In some preferred embodiments these substituent groups can include halogens (for example fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine), CN, NO₂, lower alkyl groups, aryl groups, heteroaryl groups, aralkyl groups, aralkyloxy groups, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino groups. In addition, the alkyl and aryl portions of aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, and aryloxycarbonyl groups also can bear such substituent groups. Thus, by way of example only, substituted alkyl groups include, for example, alkyl groups fluoro, chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkyl groups, aminoalkyl groups, and hydroxyalkyl groups, such as hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl, and the like. In some preferred embodiments such hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to about 20 carbons.

[0134] As used herein the term “aryl” means a group having 5 to about 20 carbon atoms and which contains at least one aromatic ring, such as phenyl, biphenyl and naphthyl. Preferred aryl groups include unsubstituted or substituted phenyl and naphthyl groups. The term “aryloxy” denotes an aryl group that is bound through an oxygen atom, for example a phenoxy group.

[0135] In general, the prefix “hetero” denotes the presence of at least one hetero (i.e., non-carbon) atom, which is in some preferred embodiments independently one to three O, N, S, P, Si or metal atoms. Thus, the term “heteroaryl” denotes an aryl group in which one or more ring carbon atom is replaced by such a heteroatom. Preferred heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrrolyl, furyl, thienyl, and imidazolyl groups.

[0136] The term “aralkyl” (or “arylalkyl”) is intended to denote a group having from 6 to 15 carbons, consisting of an alkyl group that bears an aryl group. Examples of aralkyl groups include benzyl, phenethyl, benzhydryl and naphthylmethyl groups.

[0137] The term “alkylaryl” (or “alkaryl”) is intended to denote a group having from 6 to 15 carbons, consisting of an aryl group that bears an alkyl group. Examples of aralkyl groups include methylphenyl, ethylphenyl and methylnaphthyl groups.

[0138] The term “arylsulfonyl” denotes an aryl group attached through a sulfonyl group, for example phenylsulfonyl. The term “alkylsulfonyl” denotes an alkyl group attached through a sulfonyl group, for example methylsulfonyl.

[0139] The term “alkoxycarbonyl” denotes a group of formula —C(═O)—O—R where R is alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, where the alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl portions thereof can be optionally substituted as described herein.

[0140] The term “aryloxycarbonyl” denotes a group of formula —C(═O)—O—R where R is aryl, where the aryl portion thereof can be optionally substituted as described herein.

[0141] The terms “arylalkyloxy” or “aralkyloxy” are equivalent, and denote a group of formula —O—R′—R″, where R′ is R is alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl which can be optionally substituted as described herein, and wherein R″ denotes a aryl or substituted aryl group.

[0142] The terms “alkylaryloxy” or “alkaryloxy” are equivalent, and denote a group of formula —O—R′—R″, where R′ is an aryl or substituted aryl group, and R″ is alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl which can be optionally substituted as described herein.

[0143] As used herein, the term “aldehyde group” denotes a group that bears a moiety of formula —C(═O)—H. The term “ketone” denotes a moiety containing a group of formula —R—C(═O)—R═, where R and R═ are independently alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or alkaryl, each of which may be substituted as described herein.

[0144] As used herein, the term “ester” denotes a moiety having a group of formula —R—C(═O)—O—R═ or —R—O—C(═O)—R═ where R and R═ are independently alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or alkaryl, each of which may be substituted as described herein.

[0145] The term “ether” denotes a moiety having a group of formula —R—O—R═ or where R and R═ are independently alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, or alkaryl, each of which may be substituted as described herein.

[0146] The term “crown ether” has its usual meaning of a cyclic ether containing several oxygen atoms. As used herein the term “organosulfur compound” denotes aliphatic or aromatic sulfur containing compounds, for example thiols and disulfides. The term “organometallic group” denotes an organic molecule containing at least one metal atom.

[0147] The term “organosilicon compound” denotes aliphatic or aromatic silicon containing compounds, for example alkyl and aryl silanes.

[0148] The term “carboxylic acid” denotes a moiety having a carboxyl group, other than an amino acid.

[0149] Suitable anthracenes that may be used in the method of the invention comprise compounds having the formula:

[0150] wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, Nalkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or loweralkyl groups. In some embodiments, the R₅ and R₆ are hydrogen. In other embodiments, R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl. Suitable anthracenes for use in the methods of the invention include, but are not limited to 1,2-dimethylanthracene, 9,10-dimethylanthracene, 7,8-dimethylanthracene, 9,10-duphenylanthracene, 9,10-dihydroxymethylanthracene, 9-hydroxymethyl-10-methylanthracene, dimethylanthracene-1,2-diol, 9-hydroxymethyl-10-methylanthracene-1,2-diol, 9-hydroxymethyl-10-methylanthracene-3,4-diol, and 9,10-di-m-tolylanthracene.

[0151] Other suitable anthracenes may be identified using mismatch repair reporter cells that may be screened with candidate anthracenes to identify those compounds which effectively block mismatch repair activity in the cells. In some embodiments, the chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is an RNA interference molecule that is homologous to a mismatch repair gene of the invention. The technique for generating sequence-specific RNA interference molecules is well-known in the art and may be found in, for example, Sharp et al. (2000) Science 287:2431-2433; Marx (2000) Science 288:1370-1372; Grishok et al. (2001) Science 287:2494-2497; and Fire et al. (1998) Nature 391:806-811, the disclosures of which are specifically incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0152] In other embodiments of the method of the invention, mismatch repair is inhibited by exposing the cells producing antibody to “antisense compounds” which specifically hybridize with one or more nucleic acids encoding a mismatch repair gene. As used herein, the terms “target nucleic acid” and “nucleic acid encoding a mismatch repair gene” encompass DNA encoding a mismatch repair gene, RNA (including pre-mRNA and mRNA) transcribed from such DNA, and also cDNA derived from such RNA. The specific hybridization of an antisense compound with its target nucleic acid interferes with the normal function of the nucleic acid, such as replication and transcription. The functions of RNA disrupted by antisense compounds include such functions as, for example, translocation of the RNA to the site of protein translation, translation of protein from the RNA, and splicing of the RNA to yield one or more mRNA species. The antisense compound thereby inhibits the expression or function of a mismatch repair gene.

[0153] It is preferred to target specific nucleic acids for antisense inhibition of mismatch repair in order to reversibly disrupt the function of a given mismatch repair gene. “Targeting” an antisense compound to a particular nucleic acid, in the context of this invention, is a multistep process, beginning with the identification of a nucleic acid sequence whose function is to be modulated. As disclosed herein, there are several mismatch repair genes that may be targeted by an antisense strategy. Among the various mismatch repair genes that may be targeted are PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes as described in Nicolaideset al. (1995) Genomics 30:195-206 and Horii et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204:1257-1264, including DNA or RNA. The next step of targeting involves the determination of a site or sites within this gene for the antisense interaction to occur, such that inhibition of the function of the mismatch repair gene occurs. In one embodiment, an intragenic site is targeted. An “intragenic site” is a region encompassing the translation initiation or termination codon of the open reading frame (ORF) of the gene. Since, as is known in the art, the translation initiation codon is typically 5′-AUG (in transcribed mRNA molecules; 5′-ATG in the corresponding DNA molecule), the translation initiation codon is also referred to as the “AUG codon,” the “start codon” or the “AUG start codon.” A minority of genes have a translation initiation codon having the RNA sequence 5′-GUG, 5′-UUG or 5′-CUG, and 5′-AUA, 5′-ACG and 5′-CUG have been shown to function in vivo. Thus, the terms “translation initiation codon” and “start codon” can encompass many codon sequences, even though the initiator amino acid in each instance is typically methionine in eukaryotes. It is also known in the art that eukaryotic and prokaryotic genes may have two or more alternative start codons, any one of which may be preferentially utilized for translation initiation in a particular cell type or tissue, or under a particular set of conditions. In the context of the invention, “startcodon” and “translation initiation codon” refer to the codon or codons that are used in vivo to initiate translation of an mRNA molecule transcribed from a gene encoding a mismatch repair gene, regardless of the sequence(s) of such codons.

[0154] It is also known in the art that a translation termination codon (or “stop codon”) of a gene may have one of three sequences, i.e., 5′-UAA, 5′-UAG and 5′-UGA (the corresponding DNA sequences are 5′-TAA, 5′-TAG and 5′-TGA, respectively). The terms “start codon region” and “translation initiation codon region” refer to a portion of such an mRNA or gene that encompasses from about 25 to about 50 contiguous nucleotides in either direction (i.e., 5′ or 3′) from a translation initiation codon. Similarly, the terms “stop codonregion” and “translation termination codon region” refer to a portion of such an mRNA or gene that encompasses from about 25 to about 50 contiguous nucleotides in either direction (i.e., 5′ or 3′) from a translation termination codon.

[0155] The open reading frame (ORF) or “coding region,” which is known in the art to refer to the region between the translation initiation codon and the translation termination codon, is also a region which may be targeted effectively. Other target regions include the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR), known in the art to refer to the portion of an mRNA in the 5′ direction from the translation initiation codon, and thus including nucleotides between the 5′ cap site and the translation initiation codon of an mRNA or corresponding nucleotides on the gene, and the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), known in the art to refer to the portion of an mRNA in the 3′ direction from the translation termination codon, and thus including nucleotides between the translation termination codon and 3′ end of an mRNA or corresponding nucleotides on the gene. The 5′ cap of an MRNA comprises an N7-methylated guanosine residue joined to the 5′-most residue of the mRNA via a 5′-5′ triphosphate linkage. The 5′ cap region of an mRNA is considered to include the 5′ cap structure itself as well as the first 50 nucleotides adjacent to the cap. The 5′ cap region may also be a preferred target region.

[0156] Although some eukaryotic mRNA transcripts are directly translated, many contain one or more regions, known as “introns,” which are excised from a transcript before it is translated. The remaining (and therefore translated) regions are known as “exons” and are spliced together to form a continuous mRNA sequence. mRNA splice sites,i.e., intron-exon junctions, may also be preferred target regions, and are particularly useful in situations where aberrant splicing is implicated in disease, or where an overproduction of a particular mRNA splice product is implicated in disease. Aberrant fusion junctions due to rearrangements or deletions are also preferred targets. It has also been found that introns can also be effective, and therefore preferred, target regions for antisense compounds targeted, for example, to DNA or pre-mRNA.

[0157] Once one or more target sites have been identified, oligonucleotides are chosen which are sufficiently complementary to the target, i.e., hybridize sufficiently well and with sufficient specificity, to give the desired effect.

[0158] In the context of this invention, “hybridization” means hydrogen bonding, which may be Watson-Crick, Hoogsteen or reversed Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding, between complementary nucleoside or nucleotide bases. For example, adenine and thymine are complementary nucleobases which pair through the formation of hydrogen bonds. “Complementary,” as used herein, refers to the capacity for precise pairing between two nucleotides. For example, if a nucleotide at a certain position of an oligonucleotide is capable of hydrogen bonding with a nucleotide at the same position of a DNA or RNA molecule, then the oligonucleotide and the DNA or RNA are considered to be complementary to each other at that position. The oligonucleotide and the DNA or RNA are complementary to each other when a sufficient number of corresponding positions in each molecule are occupied by nucleotides which can hydrogen bond with each other. Thus, “specifically hybridizable” and “complementary” are terms which are used to indicate a sufficient degree of complementarity or precise pairing such that stable and specific binding occurs between the oligonucleotide and the DNA or RNA target. It is understood in the art that the sequence of an antisense compound need not be 100% complementary to that of its target nucleic acid to be specifically hybridizable. An antisense compound is specifically hybridizable when binding of the compound to the target DNA or RNA molecule interferes with the normal function of the target DNA or RNA to cause a loss of utility, and there is a sufficient degree of complementarity to avoid non-specific binding of the antisense compound to non-target sequences under conditions in which specific binding is desired, i.e., under physiological conditions in the case of in vivo assays or therapeutic treatment, and in the case of in vitro assays, under conditions in which the assays are performed. Complementarity of the antisense oligonucleotide is preferably 100%, however, degeneracy may be introduced into the oligonucleotide such that the complementarity, in some embodiments, is 80-85%, 85-90%, 90-95% or 95-100%.

[0159] Antisense and other compounds of the invention which hybridize to the target and inhibit expression of the target are identified through experimentation, and the sequences of these compounds are herein below identified as preferred embodiments of the invention. The target sites to which these preferred sequences are complementary comprise the region of PMS2, for example, which inhibits the translation of the C-terminal portion of the PMS2 protein, effectively forming a truncation mutant. The region targeted comprises a portion of the PMS2 gene that encodes the 134 amino acid of PMS2, for example.

[0160] In the context of this invention, the term “oligonucleotide” refers to an oligomer or polymer of ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or mimetics thereof. This term includes oligonucleotides composed of naturally-occurring nucleobases, sugars and covalent internucleoside (backbone) linkages as well as oligonucleotides having non-naturally-occurring portions which function similarly. Such modified or substituted oligonucleotides are often preferred over native forms because of desirable properties such as, for example, enhanced cellular uptake, enhanced affinity for nucleic acid target and increased stability in the presence of nucleases.

[0161] While antisense oligonucleotides are a preferred form of antisense compound, the present invention comprehends other oligomeric antisense compounds, including but not limited to oligonucleotide mimetics such as are described below. The antisense compounds in accordance with this invention preferably comprise from about 8 to about 50 nucleobases (i.e., from about 8 to about 50 linked nucleosides). Particularly preferred antisense compounds are antisense oligonucleotides, even more preferably those comprising from about 12 to about 30 nucleobases. Antisense compounds include ribozymes, external guide sequence (EGS) oligonucleotides (oligozymes), and other short catalytic RNAs or catalytic oligonucleotides which hybridize to the target nucleic acid and modulate its expression. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides are at least about 15 nucleotides in length and may be at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100 or more nucleotides in length.

[0162] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotides comprise a sequence that is complementary to a portion of the mismatch repair sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1; SEQ ID NO:3; SEQ ID NO:5; SEQ ID NO:7; SEQ ID NO:9; SEQ ID NO:11; SEQ ID NO:13; SEQ ID NO:15; SEQ ID NO:17; SEQ ID NO:19; SEQ ID NO:21; SEQ ID NO:23; SEQ ID NO:25; SEQ ID NO:27; SEQ ID NO:29; SEQ ID NO:31; SEQ ID NO:33; SEQ ID NO:35; SEQ ID NO:37; SEQ ID NO:39; SEQ ID NO:41; SEQ ID NO:43; SEQ ID NO:45; SEQ ID NO:47; or SEQ ID NO:49. In certain embodiments, the oligonucleotide is at least 15-50 nucleotides in length with 85-100% complementarity.

[0163] As is known in the art, a nucleoside is a base-sugar combination. The base portion of the nucleoside is normally a heterocyclic base. The two most common classes of such heterocyclic bases are the purines and the pyrimidines. Nucleotides are nucleosides that further include a phosphate group covalently linked to the sugar portion of the nucleoside. For those nucleosides that include a pentofuranosyl sugar, the phosphate group can be linked to either the 2′, 3′ or 5′ hydroxyl moiety of the sugar. In forming oligonucleotides, the phosphate groups covalently link adjacent nucleosides to one another to form a linear polymeric compound. In turn, the respective ends of this linear polymeric structure can be further joined to form a circular structure, however, open linear structures are generally preferred. Within the oligonucleotide structure, the phosphate groups are commonly referred to as forming the internucleoside backbone of the oligonucleotide. The normal linkage or backbone of RNA and DNA is a 3′ to 5′ phosphodiester linkage.

[0164] Specific examples of preferred antisense compounds useful in this invention include oligonucleotides containing modified backbones or non-natural intemucleoside linkages. As defined in this specification, oligonucleotides having modified backbones include those that retain a phosphorus atom in the backbone and those that do not have a phosphorus atom in the backbone. For the purposes of this specification, and as sometimes referenced in the art, modified oligonucleotides that do not have a phosphorus atom in their intemucleoside backbone can also be considered to be oligonucleosides.

[0165] Preferred modified oligonucleotide backbones include, for example, phosphorothioates, chiral phosphorothioates, phosphorodithioates, phosphotriesters, aminoalkylphosphotriesters, methyl and other alkyl phosphonates including 3′-alkylene phosphonates, 5′-alkylene phosphonates and chiral phosphonates, phosphinates, phosphoramidates including 3′-amino phosphoramidate and aminoalkylphosphoramidates, thionophosphoramidates, thionoalkylphosphonates, thionoalkylphosphotriesters, selenophosphates and boranophosphates having normal 3′-5′ linkages, 2′-5′ linked analogs of these, and those having inverted polarity wherein one or more internucleotide linkages is a 3′ to 3′, 5′ to 5′ or 2′ to 2′ linkage. Preferred oligonucleotides having inverted polarity comprise a single 3′ to 3′ linkage at the 3′-most internucleotide linkage, i.e., a single inverted nucleoside residue which may be a basic (the nucleobase is missing or has a hydroxyl group in place thereof). Various salts, mixed salts and free acid forms are also included.

[0166] Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of the above phosphorus-containing linkages include, but are not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,687,808; 4,469,863; 4,476,301; 5,023,243; 5,177,196; 5,188,897; 5,264,423; 5,276,019; 5,278,302; 5,286,717; 5,321,131; 5,399,676; 5,405,939; 5,453,496; 5,455,233; 5,466,677; 5,476,925; 5,519,126; 5,536,821; 5,541,306; 5,550,111; 5,563,253; 5,571,799; 5,587,361; 5,194,599; 5,565,555; 5,527,899; 5,721,218; 5,672,697 and 5,625,050, each of which is herein incorporated by reference.

[0167] Preferred modified oligonucleotide backbones that do not include a phosphorus atom therein have backbones that are formed by short chain alkyl or cycloalkyl internucleoside linkages, mixed heteroatom and alkyl or cycloalkyl internucleoside linkages, or one or more short chain heteroatomic or heterocyclic internucleoside linkages. These include those having morpholino linkages (formed in part from the sugar portion of a nucleoside); siloxane backbones; sulfide, sulfoxide and sulfone backbones; formacetyl and thioformacetyl backbones; methylene formacetyl and thioformacetyl backbones; riboacetyl backbones; alkene containing backbones; sulfamate backbones; methyleneimino and methylenehydrazino backbones; sulfonate and sulfonamide backbones; amide backbones; and others having mixed N, O, S and CH₂ component parts.

[0168] Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of the above oligonucleosides include, but are not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,034,506; 5,166,315; 5,185,444; 5,214,134; 5,216,141; 5,235,033; 5,264,562; 5,264,564; 5,405,938; 5,434,257; 5,466,677; 5,470,967; 5,489,677; 5,541,307; 5,561,225; 5,596,086; 5,602,240; 5,610,289; 5,602,240; 5,608,046; 5,610,289; 5,618,704; 5,623,070; 5,663,312; 5,633,360; 5,677,437; 5,792,608; 5,646,269 and 5,677,439, each of which is herein incorporated by reference.

[0169] In other preferred oligonucleotide mimetics, both the sugar and the internucleoside linkage, i.e., the backbone, of the nucleotide units are replaced with novel groups. The base units are maintained for hybridization with an appropriate nucleic acid target compound. One such oligomeric compound, an oligonucleotide mimetic that has been shown to have excellent hybridization properties, is referred to as a peptide nucleic acid (PNA). In PNA compounds, the sugar-backbone of an oligonucleotide is replaced with an amide containing backbone, in particular an aminoethylglycine backbone. The nucleobases are retained and are bound directly or indirectly to aza nitrogen atoms of the amide portion of the backbone. Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of PNA compounds include, but are not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,539,082; 5,714,331; and 5,719,262, each of which is herein incorporated by reference. Further teaching of PNA compounds can be found in Nielsen et al., (1991) Science 254:1497-1500.

[0170] Most preferred embodiments of the invention are oligonucleotides with phosphorothioate backbones and oligonucleosides with heteroatom backbones, and in particular —CH₂—NH—O—CH₂—, —CH₂—N(CH₃)—O—CH₂— [known as a methylene (methylimino) or MMI backbone], —CH₂—O—N(CH₃)—CH₂—, —CH₂—N(CH₃)—N(CH₃)—CH₂— and —O—N(CH₃)—CH₂—CH₂— [wherein the native phosphodiester backbone is represented as —O—P—O—CH₂—] of the above referenced U.S. Pat. No. 5,489,677, and the amide backbones of the above referenced U.S. Pat. No. 5,602,240. Also preferred are oligonucleotides having morpholino backbone structures of the above-referenced U.S. Pat. No. 5,034,506.

[0171] Modified oligonucleotides may also contain one or more substituted sugar moieties. Preferred oligonucleotides comprise one of the following at the 2′ position: OH; F; O—, S—, or N-alkyl; O—, S—, or N-alkenyl; O—, S— or N-alkynyl; or O-alkyl-O-alkyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl may be substituted or unsubstituted C₁ to C₁₀ alkyl or C₂ to C₁₀ alkenyl and alkynyl. Particularly preferred are O[(CH₂)_(n)O]_(m)CH₃, O(CH₂)_(n)OCH₃, O(CH₂)_(n)NH₂, O(CH₂)_(n)CH₃, O(CH₂)_(n)ONH₂, and O(CH₂)_(n)ON[(CH₂)_(n)CH₃)]₂, where n and m are from 1 to about 10. Other preferred oligonucleotides comprise one of the following at the 2′ position: C₁ to C₁₀ lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, O-alkaryl or O-aralkyl, SH, SCH₃, OCN, Cl, Br, CN, CF₃, OCF₃, SOCH₃, SO₂ CH₃, ONO₂, NO₂, N₃, NH₂, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkaryl, aminoalkylamino, polyalkylamino, substituted silyl, an RNA cleaving group, a reporter group, an intercalator, a group for improving the pharmacokinetic properties of an oligonucleotide, or a group for improving the pharmacodynamic properties of an oligonucleotide, and other substituents having similar properties. A preferred modification includes 2′-methoxyethoxy (2′-O—CH₂CH₂OCH₃, also known as 2′-O-(2-methoxyethyl) or 2′-MOE) (Martin et al. (1995) Helv. Chim. Acta 78:486-504) i.e., an alkoxyalkoxy group. A further preferred modification includes 2′-dimethylaminooxyethoxy, i.e., a O(CH₂)₂ON(CH₃)₂ group, also known as 2′-DMAOE, as described in examples hereinbelow, and 2′-dimethylaminoethoxyethoxy (also known in the art as 2′-O-dimethylaminoethoxyethyl or 2′-DMAEOE), i.e., 2′-O—CH₂—O—CH₂—N(CH₂)₂, also described in examples hereinbelow.

[0172] A further preferred modification includes Locked Nucleic Acids (LNAs) in which the 2′-hydroxyl group is linked to the 3′ or 4′ carbon atom of the sugarring thereby forming a bicyclic sugar moiety. The linkage is preferably a methelyne (—CH₂—)_(n) group bridging the 2′ oxygen atom and the 3′ or 4′ carbon atom wherein n is 1 or 2. LNAs and preparation thereof are described in WO 98/39352 and WO 99/14226.

[0173] Other preferred modifications include 2′-methoxy (2′-O—CH₃), 2′-aminopropoxy (2′-OCH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂), 2′-allyl (2′-CH₂—CH═CH₂), 2′-O-allyl (2′-O—CH₂—CH═CH₂) and 2′-fluoro (2′-F). The 2′-modification may be in the arabino (up) position or ribo (down) position. A preferred 2′-arabino modification is 2′-F. Similar modifications may also be made at other positions on the oligonucleotide, particularly the 3′ position of the sugar on the 3′ terminal nucleotide or in 2′-5′ linked oligonucleotides and the 5′ position of 5′ terminal nucleotide. Oligonucleotides may also have sugar mimetics such as cyclobutyl moieties in place of the pentofuranosyl sugar. Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of such modified sugar structures include, but are not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,981,957; 5,118,800; 5,319,080; 5,359,044; 5,393,878; 5,446,137; 5,466,786; 5,514,785; 5,519,134; 5,567,811; 5,576,427; 5,591,722; 5,597,909; 5,610,300; 5,627,053; 5,639,873; 5,646,265; 5,658,873; 5,670,633; 5,792,747; and 5,700,920, each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0174] Oligonucleotides may also include nucleobase (often referred to in the art simply as “base”) modifications or substitutions. As used herein, “unmodified” or “natural” nucleobases include the purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G), and the pyrimidine bases thymine (T), cytosine (C) and uracil (U). Modified nucleobases include other synthetic and natural nucleobases such as 5-methylcytosine (5-me-C), 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, 2-aminoadenine, 6-methyl and other alkyl derivatives of adenine and guanine, 2-propyl and other alkyl derivatives of adenine and guanine, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine and 2-thiocytosine, 5-halouracil and cytosine, 5-propynyl (—C≡C—CH₂) uracil and cytosine and other alkynyl derivatives of pyrimidine bases, 6-azo uracil, cytosine and thymine, 5-uracil (pseudouracil), 4-thiouracil, 8-halo, 8-amino, 8-thiol, 8-thioalkyl, 8-hydroxyl and other 8-substituted adenines and guanines, 5-halo particularly 5-bromo, 5-trifluoromethyl and other 5-substituted uracils and cytosines, 7-methylguanine and 7-methyladenine, 2-F-adenine, 2-amino-adenine, 8-azaguanine and 8-azaadenine, 7-deazaguanine and 7-deazaadenine and 3-deazaguanine and 3-deazaadenine. Further modified nucleobases include tricyclic pyrimidines such as phenoxazine cytidine(1H-pyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzoxazin-2(3H)-one), phenothiazine cytidine (1H-pyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzothiazin-2(3H)-one), G-clamps such as a substituted phenoxazine cytidine (e.g., 9-(2-aminoethoxy)-H-pyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzoxazin-2(3H)-one), carbazole cytidine (2H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-2-one), pyridoindole cytidine (H-pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one). Modified nucleobases may also include those in which the purine or pyrimidine base is replaced with other heterocycles, for example 7-deaza-adenine, 7-deazaguanosine, 2-aminopyridine and 2-pyridone. Further nucleobases include those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,687,808, those disclosed in THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Kroschwitz, (Ed.) John Wiley & Sons, 1990, pages 858-859, those disclosed by Englisch et al. (1991) Angewandte Chemie (International Edition) 30:613, and those disclosed by Sanghvi, ANTISENSE RESEARCH A ND APPLICATIONS, Crooke and Lebleu (Eds.), CRC Press, 1993, pages 289-302. Certain of these nucleobases are particularly useful for increasing the binding affinity of the oligomeric compounds of the invention. These include 5-substituted pyrimidines, 6-azapyrimidines and N-2, N-6 and O-6 substituted purines, including 2-aminopropyladenine, 5propynyluracil and 5-propynylcytosine. 5-methylcytosine substitutions have been shown to increase nucleic acid duplex stability by 0.6-1.2° C. (Sanghvi, ANTISENSE RESEARCH A ND APPLICATIONS, Crooke and Lebleu (Eds.), CRC Press, 1993, pp. 276-278) and are presently preferred base substitutions, even more particularly when combined with 2′-O-methoxyethyl sugar modifications.

[0175] Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of certain of the above noted modified nucleobases as well as other modified nucleobases include, but are not limited to, the above noted U.S. Pat. No. 3,687,808, as well as U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,845,205; 5,130,302; 5,134,066; 5,175,273; 5,367,066; 5,432,272; 5,457,187; 5,459,255; 5,484,908; 5,502,177; 5,525,711; 5,552,540; 5,587,469; 5,594,121, 5,596,091; 5,614,617; 5,645,985; 5,750,692; 5,830,653; 5,763,588; 6,005,096; and 5,681,941, each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0176] Another modification of the oligonucleotides of the invention involves chemically linking to the oligonucleotide one or more moieties or conjugates which enhance the activity, cellular distribution or cellular uptake of the oligonucleotide. The compounds of the invention can include conjugate groups covalently bound to functional groups such as primary or secondary hydroxyl groups. Conjugate groups of the invention include intercalators, reporter molecules, polyamines, polyamides, polyethylene glycols, polyethers, groups that enhance the pharmacodynamic properties of oligomers, and groups that enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of oligomers. Typical conjugates groups include cholesterols, lipids, phospholipids, biotin, phenazine, folate, phenanthridine, anthraquinone, acridine, fluoresceins, rhodamines, coumarins, and dyes. Groups that enhance the pharmacodynamic properties, in the context of this invention, include groups that improve oligomer uptake, enhance oligomer resistance to degradation, and/or strengthen sequence-specific hybridization with RNA. Groups that enhance the pharmacokinetic properties, in the context of this invention, include groups that improve oligomer uptake, distribution, metabolism or excretion. Representative conjugate groups are disclosed in International Patent Application PCT/US92/09196, filed Oct. 23, 1992 the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Conjugate moieties include but are not limited to lipid moieties such as a cholesterol moiety (Letsingeret al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:6553-6556), cholic acid (Manoharan et al. (1994) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Let. 4:1053-1060), a thioether, e.g., hexyl-S-tritylthiol (Manoharan et al. (1992) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 660:306-309; Manoharan et al. (1993) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Let. 3:2765-2770), a thiocholesterol (Oberhauser et al. (1992) Nucl. Acids Res. 20:533-538), an aliphatic chain, e.g., dodecandiol or undecyl residues (Saison-Behmoaras et al. (1991) EMBO J. 10:1111-1118; Kabanov et al. (1990) FEBS Lett. 259:327-330; Svinarchuk et al. (1993) Biochimie 75:49-54), a phospholipid, e.g., di-hexadecyl-rac-glycerol or triethyl-ammonium 1,2-di-O-hexadecyl-rac-glycero-3-H-phosphonate (Manoharan et al. (1995) Tetrahedron Lett. 36:3651-3654; Shea et al. (1990) Nucl. Acids Res. 18:3777-3783), a polyamine or a polyethylene glycol chain (Manoharan et al. (1995) Nucleosides& Nucleotides 14:969-973), or adamantane acetic acid (Manoharan et al. (1995) Tetrahedron Lett. 36:3651-3654), a palmityl moiety (Mishra et al. (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1264:229-237), or an octadecylamine or hexylamino-carbonyl-oxycholesterol moiety (Crooke et al. (1996) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 277:923-937.

[0177] Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of such oligonucleotide conjugates include, but are not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,828,979; 4,948,882; 5,218,105; 5,525,465; 5,541,313; 5,545,730; 5,552,538; 5,578,717, 5,580,731; 5,580,731; 5,591,584; 5,109,124; 5,118,802; 5,138,045; 5,414,077; 5,486,603; 5,512,439; 5,578,718; 5,608,046; 4,587,044; 4,605,735; 4,667,025; 4,762,779; 4,789,737; 4,824,941; 4,835,263; 4,876,335; 4,904,582; 4,958,013; 5,082,830; 5,112,963; 5,214,136; 5,082,830; 5,112,963; 5,214,136; 5,245,022; 5,254,469; 5,258,506; 5,262,536; 5,272,250; 5,292,873; 5,317,098; 5,371,241, 5,391,723; 5,416,203, 5,451,463; 5,510,475; 5,512,667; 5,514,785; 5,565,552; 5,567,810; 5,574,142; 5,585,481; 5,587,371; 5,595,726; 5,597,696; 5,599,923; 5,599,928 and 5,688,941, each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0178] It is not necessary for all positions in a given compound to be uniformly modified, and in fact more than one of the aforementioned modifications may be incorporated in a single compound or even at a single nucleoside within an oligonucleotide. The present invention also includes antisense compounds which are chimeric compounds. “Chimeric” antisense compounds or “chimeras,” in the context of this invention, are antisense compounds, particularly oligonucleotides, which contain two or more chemically distinct regions, each made up of at least one monomer unit, i.e., a nucleotide in the case of an oligonucleotide compound. These oligonucleotides typically contain at least one region wherein the oligonucleotide is modified so as to confer upon the oligonucleotide increased resistance to nuclease degradation, increased cellular uptake, and/or increased binding affinity for the target nucleic acid. An additional region of the oligonucleotide may serve as a substrate for enzymes capable of cleaving RNA:DNA or RNA:RNA hybrids. By way of example, RNase H is a cellular endonuclease which cleaves the RNA strand of an RNA:DNA duplex. Activation of RNase H, therefore, results in cleavage of the RNA target, thereby greatly enhancing the efficiency of oligonucleotide inhibition of gene expression. Consequently, comparable results can often be obtained with shorter oligonucleotides when chimeric oligonucleotides are used, compared to phosphorothioate deoxyoligonucleotides hybridizing to the same target region. Cleavage of the RNA target can be routinely detected by gel electrophoresis and, if necessary, associated nucleic acid hybridization techniques known in the art.

[0179] Chimeric antisense compounds of the invention may be formed as composite structures of two or more oligonucleotides, modified oligonucleotides, oligonucleosides and/or oligonucleotide mimetics as described above. Such compounds have also been referred to in the art as hybrids or gapmers. Representative United States patents that teach the preparation of such hybrid structures include, but are not limited to, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,013,830; 5,149,797; 5,220,007; 5,256,775; 5,366,878; 5,403,711; 5,491,133; 5,565,350; 5,623,065; 5,652,355; 5,652,356; and 5,700,922, each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0180] As used herein “donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells” or “donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells” sometimes referred to simply as “donor cells” or “donor blood cells” refers to cells that are capable of producing antibodies when immunized with an antigenic compound. Examples of sources of such donor cells suitable for use in the invention include, but are not limited to spleen cells, lymph node cells, bone marrow cells, and immortalizing tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.

[0181] As used herein, the term “amino acid” denotes a molecule containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group. In some preferred embodiments, the amino acids are α-, β-, γ- or δ-amino acids, including their stereoisomers and racemates. As used herein the term “L-amino acid” denotes an α-amino acid having the L configuration around the α-carbon, that is, a carboxylic acid of general formula CH(COOH)(NH₂)-(side chain), having the L-configuration. The term “D-amino acid” similarly denotes a carboxylic acid of general formula CH(COOH)(NH₂)-(side chain), having the D-configuration around the α-carbon. Side chains of L-amino acids include naturally occurring and non-naturally occurring moieties. Non-naturally occurring (i.e., unnatural) amino acid side chains are moieties that are used in place of naturally occurring amino acid side chains in, for example, amino acid analogs. See, for example, Lehninger, BIOCHEMSTRY, Second Edition, Worth Publishers, Inc., 1975, pages 72-77 (incorporated herein by reference). Amino acid substituents may be attached through their carbonyl groups through the oxygen or carbonyl carbon thereof, or through their amino groups, or through functionalities residing on their sidechain portions.

[0182] As used herein “polynucleotide” refers to a nucleic acid molecule and includes genomic DNA cDNA, RNA, mRNA and the like.

[0183] As used herein “inhibitor of mismatch repair” refers to an agent that interferes with at least one function of the mismatch repair system of a cell and thereby renders the cell more susceptible to mutation.

[0184] As used herein “hypermutable” refers to a state in which a cell in vitro or in vivo is made more susceptible to mutation through a loss or impairment of the mismatch repair system.

[0185] As used herein “agents,” “chemicals,” and “inhibitors” when used in connection with inhibition of MMR refers to chemicals, oligonucleotides, RNA interference molecules, analogs of natural substrates, and the like that interfere with normal function of MMR.

[0186] As used herein, “about” refers to an amount within a range of +/−10% of the cited value.

[0187] As used herein, “mitogenic polypeptide” refers to a polypeptide when in combination with the antigen provides stimulation of appropriate cells to increase the immune response against the subject antigen.

[0188] As used herein, “hybridoma” refers to the result of a cell fusion between an immunoglobulin-producing cell and a transformed cell, such as a myeloma cell.

[0189] As used herein, “IgG subclass” refers to a category of immunoglobulins comprising IgG1, IgG2, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3, and IgG4.

[0190] As used herein, “mismatch repair gene” refers to a gene that encodes one of the proteins of the mismatch repair complex. Although not wanting to be bound by any particular theory of mechanism of action, a mismatch repair complex is believed to detect distortions of the DNA helix resulting from non-complementary pairing of nucleotide bases. The non-complementary base on the newer DNA strand is excised, and the excised base is replaced with the appropriate base which is complementary to the older DNA strand. In this way, cells eliminate many mutations that occur as a result of mistakes in DNA replication. Dominant negative alleles cause a mismatch repair defective phenotype even in the presence of a wild-type allele in the same cell. A non-limiting example of a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is the human gene hPMS2-134, which carries a truncation mutation at codon 134. The mutation causes the product of this gene to abnormally terminate at the position of the 134th amino acid, resulting in a shortened polypeptide containing the N-terminal 133 amino acids. Such a mutation causes an increase in the rate of mutations which accumulate in cells after DNA replication. Thus, expression of a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene results in impairment of mismatch repair activity, even in the presence of the wild-type allele.

[0191] As used herein, “HAT-sensitive” refers to a lethal effect on cells when cultured in medium containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine.

[0192] As used herein, “EBV-negative” refers to lack of infection of Epstein-Barr virus in a cell as measured by production of EBNA protein, or detection of EBV nucleic acids.

[0193] As used herein, “Ig-negative” refers to lack of production in a cell of any light or heavy chains of immunoglobulins.

[0194] As used herein, “screening” refers to an assay to assess the genotype or phenotype of a cell or cell product including, but not limited to nucleic acid sequence, protein sequence, protein function (e.g., binding, enzymatic activity, blocking activity, cross-blocking activity, neutralization activity, and the like). The assays include ELISA-based assays, Biacore analysis, and the like.

[0195] As used herein, “isolated” refers to a nucleic acid or protein that has been separated and/or recovered from a component of its natural environment. Contaminant components of its natural environment are materials which would interfere with diagnostic or therapeutic uses for the polypeptide, and may include enzymes, hormones, and other proteinaceous or non-proteinaceous solutes. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid or protein is purified to greater than 95% by weight of protein. In other embodiments, the nucleic acid or protein is purified to greater than 99% by weight of protein. Determination of protein purity may be by any means known in the art such as the Lowry method, by SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions using a stain such as a Coomassie blue or silver stain. Purification of nucleic acid may be assessed by any known method, including, but not limited to spectroscopy, agarose or polyacrylamide separation with fluorescent or chemical staining such as methylene blue, for example.

[0196] The invention provides an in vitro immunization method for obtaining antigen-specific immunoglobulin producing cells wherein the cells produce immunoglobulins of the IgG subclass, and cells produced by this method. The in vitro immunization procedure comprises combining donor cells with an immunogenic antigen in culture. In one embodiment, the buffy coat of donor cells is used. The donor may be from any source, including, but not limited to cord blood, venous blood, and the like. The source of the blood cells may be from any animal producing immune cells, particularly mammals. Non-limiting examples of blood cell sources include, mice, rats, humans, monkeys, dogs, cats, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, rabbits, birds, cows, guinea pigs and fish. The blood or buffy coat may be further enriched for lymphocytes by any known method, such as, but not limited to differential centrifugation, filtration, and the like.

[0197] Donor cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) may be incubated in L-leucyl-L-lysine methyl ester hydrobromide (LLOMe). While not wishing to be bound by any particular theory of operation, LLOme is believed to lysosomotropic and specifically kills cytotoxic cells in the PBMC pool such as NK cells, cytotoxic T cells, and CD8+ suppressor T cells, while not having an effect on B cells, T helper cellsaccessory cells and fibroblasts (Borrebaeck (1988) Immunol. Today 9(11):355-359). Generally, the PBMCs may be incubated with LLOMe for a period of 1-30 minutes. In some embodiments, the incubation is performed for 10-20 minutes. In other embodiments, the incubation is performed for 15 minutes. The LLOMe is generally a component of culture medium, such as, for example, RPMI 1640, and is provided in a concentration of about 0.10 to 1 mM. In some embodiments, LLOMe is provided in an amount of about 0.10 to 0.50 mM. In other embodiments, LLOMe is provided in an amount of about 0.25 mM.

[0198] The antigen may be any antigen provided that it is immunogenic. Whole proteins or peptides may be used. In addition, one may use, for example, membrane preparations (including those from tumors), lymphoma cells, whole cells, single cells, homogenized cells, pathogens, inclusion bodies, cell lysates, protein preparations, and minced tissue (including tumor tissue). Whole proteins may be in native or denatured conformation. Peptides may be conjugated to carrier molecules to provide immunogenicity. While not wishing to be bound by any particular theory of operation, carrier molecules may provide additional T cell epitopes which may be useful in stimulating a more robust in vitroantibody response. Examples of carriers that are suitable for use in the method of the invention include tetanus toxoid,diptheria toxin, thyroglobulin, cholera toxin, BCG, bovine serum albumen (BSA), ovalbumin (OVA), and the like. These carriers are referred to herein as “mitogenic polypeptides.”

[0199] Antigens may be conjugated to mitogenic polypeptides in any way known in the art. For example, fusion proteins may be generated by expressing a polypeptide in a recombinant expression system comprising the polynucleotide encoding at least a portion of the antigen joined in-frame to a polynucleotide encoding at least a portion of the mitogenic polypeptide. The fusion protein may have the mitogenic polypeptide joined at either the amino- or carboxy terminus of the antigen. In some embodiments, more that one antigen may be expressed as a fusion protein in combination with a mitogenic polypeptide. In other embodiments, more than one mitogenic polypeptide may be expressed as a fusion protein with the antigen or antigens. In other embodiments, more than one mitigenic polypeptide and more than one antigen may be expressed together as a single fusion protein.

[0200] In an alternative embodiment, at least a portion of the mitogenic polypeptide is conjugated to at least a portion of the antigen using chemical cross-linkers. Examples of chemical cross-linkers include, but are not limited to gluteraldehyde, formaldehyde, 1,1-bis (diazoacetyl)-2-phenylethane, N-hydroxysuccinimide esters (e.g., esters with 4-azidosalicylic acid, homobifunctional imidoesters including disuccinimidyl esters such as 3,3′-dithiobis (succinimidyl-propionate), and bifunctional maleimides such as bis-N-maleimido-1,8-octane). Derivatizing agents such as methyl-3-[(p-azido-phenyl)dithio] propioimidate yield photoactivatable intermediates which are capable of forming cross-links in the presence of light. Alternatively, for example, a lysine residue in the mitogenic polypeptide or antigen may be coupled to a C-terminal or other cysteine residue in the antigen or mitogenic polypeptide, respectively, by treatment with N-γ-maleimidobutyryloxy-succinimide (Kitagawa and Aikawa (1976) J. Biochem. 79, 233-236). Alternatively, a lysine residue in the mitogenic polypeptide or antigen may be conjugated to a glutamic or aspartic acid residue in the antigen or mitogenic polypeptide, respectively, using isobutylchloroformate (Thorell and De Larson (1978) RADIOIMMUNOASSAY A ND RELATED TECHNIQUES: METHODOLOGY A ND CLUBUCAL APPLICATIONS, p. 288). Other coupling reactions and reagents have been described in the literature.

[0201] The conditions for the in vitro immunization procedure comprise incubating the cells at about 25-37° C., (preferably 37° C.) supplied with about 5-10% CO₂. In some embodiments, the incubation is performed with between about 6-9% CO₂. In other embodiments the incubation is performed in about 8% CO₂. The cell density is between about 2.5 to 5×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium. In some embodiments, the culture medium is supplemented with about 2-20% FBS. In other embodiments, the culture medium is supplemented with about 5-15% FBS. In other embodiments, the culture medium is supplemented with about 7-12% FBS. In other embodiments, the culture medium is supplemented with about 10% FBS.

[0202] The in vitro stimulation culture medium is supplemented with cytokines to stimulate the cells and increase the immune response. In general IL-2 is supplied in the culture medium. However, other cytokines and additives may also be included to increase the immune response. Such cytokines and factors may include, for example, IL-4 and anti-CD40 antibodies.

[0203] The fusion of myeloma cells with the immunoglobulin-producing cells may be by any method known in the art for the creation of hybridoma cells. These methods include, but are not limited to, the hybridoma technique of Kohler and Milstein, (1975, Nature 256:495-497; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,376,110) (see also, Brown et al. (1981) J. Immunol. 127:539-546; Brown et al. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255 (11):4980-4983; Yeh et al. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:2927-2931; and Yeh et al. (1982) Int. J. Cancer 29:269-275), the human B-cell hybridoma technique (Kosbor et al., 1983, Immunology Today 4:72; Cole et al., 1983, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:2026-2030), and the EBV-hybridoma technique (Cole et al., 1985, MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES A ND CANCER THERAPY, Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp. 77-96). The hybridoma producing the mAb of this invention may be cultivated in vitro or in vivo.

[0204] The technology for producing monoclonal antibody hybridomas is well-known to those of skill in the art and is described, for example in Kenneth, in MONOCLONAL ANTIOBODIES: ANALYSES, New Dimention in Biological Analyses, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y. (1980); Lemer (1981) Yale J. Biol. Med., 54:387-402; Galfre et al. (1977) Nature 266:55052; and Gefter et al. (1977) Somatic Cell Genet. 3:231-236). However, many variations of such methods are possible and would be appreciated by one of skill in the art. Thus, the techniques for generation of hybridomas is not limited to the disclosures of these references.

[0205] Any myeloma cell may be used in the method of the invention. Preferably, the myeloma cells are human cells, but the invention is not limited thereto or thereby. In some embodiments, the cells are sensitive to medium containinghypoxanthine, aminopterin, an thymidine (HAT medium). In some embodiments, the myeloma cells do not express immunoglobulin genes. In some embodiments the myeloma cells are negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. In preferred embodiments, the myeloma cells are HAT-sensitive, EBV negative and Ig expression negative. Any suitable myeloma may be used. An example of such a myeloma is that described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,459 to Winkelhake, and deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) as CRL 8644. Murine hybridomas may be generated using mouse myeloma cell lines (e.g., the P3-NS1/1-Ag4-1, P3-x63-Ag8.653 or Sp2/O-Ag14 myeloma lines). These murine myeloma lines are available from the ATCC.

[0206] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, the hybridoma cells and/or mammalian expression cells may be rendered hypermutable by the introduction of a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene. The dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene may be introduced into the hybridoma cell (i.e., after the fusion of immunoglobulin-producing cells with the myeloma cells) or may be introduced into the myeloma cell prior to the fusions. The invention, therefore, also provides hypermutable myeloma cells for use in the generation of hybridoma cells. The dominant negative allele may also be introduced into the mammalian expression cells.

[0207] The dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene is in the form of a polynucleotide which may be in the form of genomic DNA, cDNA, RNA, or a chemically synthesized polynucleotide. The polynucleotide can be cloned into an expression vector containing a constitutively active promoter segment (such as, but not limited to, CMV, SV40, EF-1 Dor LTR sequences) or to inducible promoter sequences such as those from tetracycline, or ecdysone/glucocorticoid inducible vectors, where the expression of the dominant negative mismatch repair gene can be regulated. The polynucleotide can be introduced into the cell by transfection.

[0208] Transfection is any process whereby a polynucleotide is introduced into a cell. The process of transfection can be carried out in vitro, e.g., using a suspension of one or more isolated cells in culture. The cell can be any immortalized cell used for creating hybridomas for the production of monoclonal antibodies, or the cell may be the hybridoma itself. The hybridomas may be heterohybridoma cells (e.g. human-mouse cell fusions) or homohybridoma cells (e.g., human-human hybridoma cells and mouse-mouse hybridoma cells).

[0209] In general, transfection will be carried out using a suspension of cells, or a single cell, but other methods can also be applied as long as a sufficient fraction of the treated cells or tissue incorporates the polynucleotide so as to allow transfected cells to be grown and utilized. The protein product of the polynucleotide may be transiently or stably expressed in the cell. Techniques for transfection are well known. Available techniques for introducing polynucleotides include but are not limited to electroporation, transduction, cell fusion, the use of calcium chloride, and packaging of the polynucleotide together with lipid for fusion with the cells of interest. Once a cell has been transfected with the mismatch repair gene, the cell can be grown and reproduced in culture. If the transfection is stable, such that the gene is expressed at a consistent level for many cell generations, then a cell line results.

[0210] The dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene may be derived from any known mismatch repair gene including, but not limited to PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes as described in Nicolaides et al. (1995) Genomics 30:195-206 and Horii et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204:1257-1264 and the like. “Dominant negative alleles” as used herein, refers to the ability of the allele to confer a hypermutable status to the cell expressing the allele. Any allele which produces such effect can be used in this invention. The dominant negative alleles of a mismatch repair gene can be obtained from the cells of humans, animals, yeast, bacteria, or other organisms. Dominant negative alleles of mismatch repair genes that are suitable for use in the invention have certain functional characteristics associated with structural features. A non-limiting example of a dominant negative mismatch repair gene is the PMS2 truncation mutant, PMS2-134. This gene contains a mutation which truncates the PMS2 protein after amino acid 133. The lack of the C-terminus in the PMS2 protein is believed to interfere with the binding of PMS2 with Screening cells for defective mismatch repair activity can identify such alleles. Cells from animals or humans with cancer can be screened for defective mismatch repair. Cells from colon cancer patients may be particularly useful. Genomic DNA, cDNA, or mRNA from any cell encoding a mismatch repair protein can be analyzed for variations from the wild type sequence. Dominant negative alleles of a mismatch repair gene can also be created artificially, for example, by producing variants of the hPMS2-134 allele or other mismatch repair genes. Various techniques of site-directed mutagenesis can be used. The suitability of such alleles, whether natural or artificial, for use in generating hypermutable cells or animals can be evaluated by testing the mismatch repair activity caused by the allele in the presence of one or more wild-type alleles, to determine if it is a dominant negative allele.

[0211] Dominant negative alleles of such genes, when introduced into cells or transgenic animals, increase the rate of spontaneous mutations by reducing the effectiveness of DNA repair and thereby render the cells or animals hypermutable. This means that the spontaneous mutation rate of such cells or animals is elevated compared to cells or animals without such alleles. The degree of elevation of the spontaneous mutation rate can be at least 2-fold, 5-fold, 10-fold, 20-fold, 50-fold, 100-fold, 200-fold, 500-fold, or 1000-fold that of the normal cell or animal. The hypermutable hybridoma cells will accumulate new mutations in gene(s) to produce new output traits within the hybridoma. The hybridoma cells can be screened for desired characteristics and cell lines bearing these characteristics may be expanded. Furthermore, the hybridoma cells may be “cured” of the mismatch repair defect by eliminating the dominant negative mismatch repair gene in the cell or by turning of its expression,leading to stable biological products consisting of altered genes, RNAs, or polypeptides.

[0212] The dominant negative alleles of the mismatch repair gene may be introduced as part of a vector. The polynucleotide encoding the dominant negative mismatch repair protein allele may be operably linked to a promoter that functions in the cell to drive expression of the dominant negative allele of the mismatch repair gene. Other elements of the vector may include an origin of replication, one or more selectable markers, such as a drug resistance gene that allows the cells to grow in the presence of a growth inhibitory compound.

[0213] In embodiments of the invention that utilize myeloma cells or donor immunoglobulin-producing cells that are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, the invention may further comprise the step of restoring genetic stability of the hybridoma by introducing a wildtype mismatch repair gene into the cell to complement the deficiency and restore genetic stability.

[0214] Another aspect of the invention is the use of cells lacking MMR (eitherdue to defects in endogenous mismatch repair genes, or due to the introduction of a dominant negative MMR gene) and chemical mutagens to cause an enhanced rate of mutations in a host's genome. The lack of MMR activity has been known to make cells more resistant to the toxic effects of DNA damaging agents. This invention comprises making proficient MMR cells mismatch repair defective via the expression of a dominant negative MMR gene allele and then enhancing the genomic hypermutability with the use of a DNA mutagen. Chemical mutagens are classifiable by chemical properties, e.g., alkylating agents, cross-linking agents, etc. The following chemical mutagens are useful, as are others not listed here, according to the invention and may be used to further enhance the rate of mutation in any of the embodiments of the method of the invention: N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), procarbazine hydrochloride, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), diethyl sulfate, acrylamide monomer, triethylene melamin (TEM), melphalan, nitrogen mustard, vincristine, dimethylnitrosamine, Nmethyl-N′-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), 7,12 dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA), ethylene oxide, hexamethylphosphoramide, bisulfan. In a preferred aspect of the invention, a mutagenesis technique is employed that confers a mutation rate in the range of 1 mutation out of every 100 genes; 1 mutation per 1,000 genes. The use of such combination (MMR deficiency and chemical mutagens will allow for the generation of a wide array of genome alterations (such as but not limited to expansions or deletions of DNA segments within the context ofa gene's coding region, a gene's intronic regions, or 5′ or 3′ proximal and/or distal regions, point mutations, altered repetitive sequences) that are preferentially induced by each particular agent.

[0215] Mutations can be detected by analyzing for alterations in the genotype of the cells or animals, for example by examining the sequence of genomic DNA, cDNA, messenger RNA, or amino acids associated with the gene of interest. Mutations can also be detected by screening the phenotype of the gene. An altered phenotype can be detected by identifying alterations in electrophoretic mobility, spectroscopic properties, or other physical or structural characteristics of a protein encoded by a mutant gene. One can also screen for altered function of the protein in situ, in isolated form, or in model systems. One can screen for alteration of any property of the cell or animal associated with the function of the gene of interest, such as but not limited to measuring protein secretion, chemical-resistance, pathogen resistance,etc.

[0216] In some embodiments of the method of the invention, inducible vectors that control the expression of a dominant negative and normally functioning MMR gene are used. This strategy restores DNA stability once a host cell or organism exhibiting a new output trait, altered gene, RNA or polypeptide has been generated via trait selection with or without the combination of chemical mutagens to establish a genetically stable version of this cell or organism. In the case of MMR defective cells as a result of ectopically expressing a dominant negative MMR gene allele, the MMR activity is decreased or completely eliminated by removing the inducer molecule from the cell culture or organism's environment. In addition, the expression of a dominant negative MMR gene can be suppressed by knocking out the MMR gene allele using methods that are standard to those skilled in the art of DNA knockout technology in germ or somatic cells (Waldman et al. (1995) Cancer Res. 55:5187-5190).

[0217] The chiral position of the side chains of the anthracenes is not particularly limited and may be any chiral position and any chiral analog. The anthracenes may also comprise a stereoisomeric form of the anthracenes and include any isomeric analog.

[0218] Examples of hosts are but not limited to cells or whole organisms from human, primate, mammal, rodent, plant, fish, reptiles, amphibians, insects, fungi, yeast or microbes of prokaryotic origin.

[0219] A more detailed disclosure of particular embodiments of the invention follows in the specific examples, however, the invention is not limited thereto or thereby.

EXAMPLES Example 1

[0220] Generation of Hybridomas Secreting Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Tetanus Toxin (TT)

[0221] A. Generation and Assaying of TT-specific B lymphocytes

[0222] Isolation of lymphocytes from Donor. Lymphocytes were isolated from whole blood by centrifugation through Ficoll-Paque according to the manufacturer's instructions. Isolated lymphocytes were incubated with 0.25 mM Leu-Leu methyl ester hydrobromide (LLOMe) prepared in RPMI 1640 medium containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 15 minutes at room temperature. The cells were then washed three times with culture medium.

[0223] In vitro stimulation of isolated lymphocytes The cells were incubated at 37° C. in a incubator, supplied with 8% CO₂, at a density between 2.5 to 5×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS and TT and IL-2 at various concentrations. After four days of culture, the cells were washed four times with medium and the culture was continued for additional eight days.

[0224] Measurement of the B cell response. Lymphocyte culture supernatants were collected on day 12 of the culture and tested in an ELISA for the presence of anti-TT antibodies. Briefly, TT or BSA at 0.5 μg/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer was immobilized onto an EIA plate. After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the supernatant was added to the wells. Antibodies bound to TT were detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM. TMB was used for color development. The plate was read using a Microplate reader with a 450 mn filter. A supernatant sample that had antibody bound to TT, but not to BSA, and in which the signal was two times the assay background was considered positive. The positive cells were pooled, and used for hybridoma production (FIG. 1).

[0225] Notably, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from some donors contain a fraction of B cells that secret TT-specific antibodies in culture. This is due to the fact that about 90% of the population in the United States has been vaccinated against TT. Such sera also has a titer of higher than 1000 (FIG. 2). However, the percentage of positive events is greatly increased when PBMCs are immunized in vitro with TT (FIG. 3). The intensity of the PBMC response is also enhanced with the stimulation of TT alone or in combination with IL-2 or CD40L (FIG. 4). Similar effects were observed with other antigens (data not shown).

[0226] Generation of hybridomas secreting human antibodies. To prepare activated lymphocytes, cells were pooled and cultured in T flasks at 0.5-1×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS one day prior to the fusion. To prepare the fusion partner, mouse myeloma NS0 cells were transfected with human PMS2-134 expression vector as described in Nicolaides et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. 18(3):1635-1641. The cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS and 2 mM glutamine (Complete Medium) and the culture was kept in log phase.

[0227] Next, lymphocytes were harvested and counted. An equal number of myeloma cells was harvested. Both types of cells were combined and washed three times with RPMI 1640 medium. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added dropwise to the loosened cell pellet, and the PEG was subsequently diluted out slowly with 25 ml of RPMI medium in a course of 2.5 minutes. After diluting out the PEG, fused cells were suspended in Complete Medium supplemented with HAT and 20% FBS, and seeded onto 96-well plates.

[0228] Screening and characterization of antigen-specific hybridoma clones. When the hybridoma cells grew to semi-confluence, supernatants were collected and subjected to an ELISA for antigen-specific reactivity. As an example, hybridomas derived from TT-immunized lymphocytes were tested. Briefly, TT or BSA at 0.5 ug/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer was immobilized onto the EIA plate. After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumen in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the cell culture supernate was added to the wells. Antibodies bound to TT were detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM. TMB was used for color development. The plate was read in the Microplate reader with a 450 nm filter. A cell clone that showed reactivity to TT but not to BSA was considered positive (FIG. 5). Positive clones were expanded and subcloned by limiting dilution to generate monoclonal cells.

Example 2

[0229] Generation of Hybridomas Secreting Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) (Self Antigen)

[0230] A. Generation of EGFR-specific B Lymphocytes

[0231] Preparation of Antigen. Human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), purified from A431 cells, was purchased from Sigma. Previous studies found that immune responses to this antigen were very weak, most likely due to tolerance. In order to enhance immunization, we conjugated the EGFR to tetanus toxin C (EGFR-TT) and the conjugate was used as immunogen for in vitro immunization in order to overcome any immunotolerance.

[0232] Preparation of EGFR-TT conjugate. 100 ug of purified EGFR was reconstituted in 100 ul of sterile MilliQ-grade water. 1 mg of purified, lyophilized recombinant tetanus toxin C fragment (TT-C) was dissolved in sterile MilliQ-grade water to yield a 2 mg/ml TT-C solution. Crosslinking was performed in 50 mM sodium carbonate buffer pH 9.0 at equimolar ratios of EGFR to TT-C, using glutaraldehyde at a final concentration of 0.5% for 3 hours at room temperature, followed by 4° C. overnight. Glutaraldehyde was quenched by addition of a fresh 100 mg/ml solution of sodium borohydride in 50 mM sodium carbonate pH 9.0, under open atmosphere for 1 hour at 4° C. Crosslinked products were dialyzed against Ca²⁺-, Mg²⁺-free phosphate-buffered saline overnight at 4° C., using 3.5K MWCO Slide-A-Lyzer cassettes. The reaction was monitored by Western blotting, using commercial anti-EGFR (mAb-15) and anti-TT-C (Roche) monoclonal antibodies. By this method, greater than 70% of the components are crosslinked, and appear as immunoreactive species of greater MW than the starting material (data not shown).

[0233] In vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). LLOMe-pretreated PBMC were incubated at a density of 3×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS and a stimuli mixture. The stimuli mixture was composed of EGFR-TT at a concentration of 50 ng/ml with or without recombinant human IL-2 at 20 IU, mouse anti-human CD40 antibody as CD40L at 0.5 ug/ml (used to enhance IgG class switching). After four days of culture, the cells were re-fed with complete medium, in the absence of added stimulus, every three or four days. Culture supernatants were collected on days 12-18 and tested for EGFR-specific antibodies.

[0234] Detection of EGFR-specific antibody response. The PBMC response to the stimulation was examined in a EGFR-specific ELISA. Briefly, EGFR, TT, or BSA at 0.5 ug/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer, pH 9.6, was immobilized onto EIA plates. After blocking the plates with 5% non-fat dry milk in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the supernatant was added to the wells. Antibodies from the supernatant bound to immobilized antigens were detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG+IgM (H+L). TMB substrate kit was used for color development. The plates were read in a Microplate reader with a 450 nm filter. A supernatant sample containing antibody that bound to EGFR, but not to TT and BSA, was considered positive. A robust response was observed in cultures immunized to the EGFR-TT as compared to controls. While anti-EGFR responses were observed in PBMCs for a small fraction of donors, the percentage of positive clones was greatly increased when PBMCs were immunized in vitro with EGFR complexed with TT (FIG. 6). Positive cells were pooled and used for hybridoma production.

[0235] Generation of Hybridomas. To prepare activated lymphocytes, cells were pooled and cultured in T flasks at 0.5-1×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS one day prior to the fusion. To prepare the fusion partner, mouse myeloma NS0 cells were transfected with human PMS2-134 expression vector as described in Nicolaides et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. 18(3):1635-1641. The cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS and 2 mM glutamine (Complete Medium) and the culture was kept in log phase.

[0236] Screening and characterization of antigen-specific hybridoma clones. When the hybridoma cells grew to semi-confluence, supernatants were collected and subjected to an ELISA for antigen-specific reactivity. As an example, hybridomas derived from EGFR-immunized lymphocytes were tested. Briefly, EGFR, TT TNFR1 or BSA at 0.5 ug/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer was immobilized onto the EIA plate. After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumen in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the cell culture supernate was added to the wells. Antibodies bound were detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM. TMB was used for color development. Normal human IgG (nhIgG) and IgM (nhIgM) were used as controls. The plate was read in the Microplate reader with a 450 nm filter. A cell clone that showed reactivity to EGFR,but not to BSA was considered positive (FIG. 7).

Example 3

[0237] A. Isolation of PBMC from Whole Blood

[0238] Approximately 200 ml of whole blood mixed with 200 ml PBS^(−/−) was centrifuged through Ficoll-Paque at 2000 rpm for 30 min. Serum was aspirated, the interface layer containing lymphocytes was collected and diluted 1:3 with PBS^(−/−) and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min. The supernatant fluid was aspirated and the pellet was resuspended in 10 ml PBS^(−/−). The cell suspension was split into two 50 ml conical tubes and PBS^(/−) was added to each tube to adjust the volume to 35 ml each. The tubes were centrifuged at 800 rpm for 7 minutes to remove the platelets. After aspirating the supernatant fluid, the pellet was resuspended in 10 ml ACK Lysing Buffer and incubated for 5 minutes at room temperature. Following lysis, 35 ml PBS^(−/−) was added to the tubes and the tubes were centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 7 minutes. The cells were then washed with 45 ml RPMI medium.

[0239] B. Preparation of Dendritic Cells

[0240] Cells were centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 7 minutes and resuspended at 1×10⁸ cells per 40 ml cRPMI for a density of 2.5×10⁶ cells/ml. The cells were incubated at 37° C./8% CO₂ for 2 hours. Non-adherent cells were removed for further treatment (see Step C), and the adherent cells were carefully rinsed twice with PBS^(−/−). Adherent cells were cultured in cRPMI supplemented with 400 IU/ml IL-4 and 50 ng/ml GM-CSF.

[0241] C. LLOMe Treatment and Cryopreservation of Non-adherent Culture

[0242] The non-adherent cell culture was centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 7 minutes. The supernatant fluid was aspirated and the pellet was resuspended in 10 ml RPMI supplemented with 2% FBS and freshly thawed 85 μg/ml LLOMe. The cells were incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. The cells were washed twice with cRPMI and resuspended in 45 ml cRPMI. The cells were transferred to an upright T25 flask at a density of 5×10⁶ cells/ml in cRPMI supplemented with 2 μg/ml PHA and incubated at 37° C./8% CO₂ for 24 hours. The non-adherent cells were harvested, centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 7 minutes, and the cell pellet was resuspended in 5 ml cold cRPMI/5% DMSO. The tubes containing the cells were wrapped in paper towels and stored at −80° C. until needed.

[0243] D. Tumor Immunization

[0244] On day 6 of the procedure for isolation of dendritic cells, tumor cells were thawed in 2.5 ml pre-warmed medium at 37° C. The flask of dendritic cells was rinsed twice with 10 ml PBS^(−/−). The dendritic cells were incubated with gentle rocking in 5 ml Cell Dissociation Buffer (Invitrogen Cat. No. 13151-014), and the solution was collected (scraping the remaining cells from the flask. The flask was rinsed with 10 ml cRPMI and the medium was collected. The cells were centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 7 minutes and the pellet was resuspended at 4×10⁶ cells/ml cRPMI. Cells were distributed in a culture plate at a density of 1×10⁶ cells/well. A tumor sample was chopped into fine pieces of approximately 1-3 mm³. An aliquot of the tumor suspension was transferred to all but 1 well, titrating the amount of tumor per well. An aliquot of 0.25 ml cRPMI was added to the control well. The total volume in the wells was 0.5 ml/well. The dendritic cells and tumor cells were co-cultured at 37° C./8% CO₂ for 24 hours.

[0245] E. Co-culture of PBMC with DC

[0246] Frozen PBMC were thawed by adding 40 ml cRPMI/30 IU/ml IL-2/600 IU/ml IL-4/0.75 μg/ml CD-40L pre-warmed to 50° C. to the frozen cells. When thawed, the cells were incubated for 1-2 hours at 37° C. The cells were centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 7 minutes and the pellet was resuspended in 5 ml of a 2× cocktail of cRPMI/60 IU/ml IL-2/1200 IU/ml IL-4/1.5 μg/ml CD-40L. The cell suspension was divided among wells in a tissue culture plate at 0.5 ml/well of suspension and diluted with 0.5 ml medium for a final concentration of 30 IU/ml IL-2, 600 IU/ml IL-4, and 0.75 μg/ml CD-40L. Cells were fed with cRPMI supplemented with 20 IU/ml IL-2, 400 IU/ml IL4, 100 IU/ml IL-10, and 0.5 μg/ml CD-40L.

[0247] F. Fusion

[0248] Tumor-immunized PBMCs were then fused with A6 myeloma cells to generate hybridomas. Briefly, lymphocytes were harvested from 75% tumor and 100% tumor wells, rinsed with 1 ml RPMI, transfer to conical tubes, and the volume was adjusted to 5 ml with cRPMI. The cells were centrifuged through Ficoll-Paque, and the supernatant fluid was aspirated. Interfaces containing cells from all tubes were combined and the cells were rinsed with cRPMI. The cells were then resuspended in 7.5 ml cRPMI. Viable cells were assessed by trypan blue exclusion. A6 cell viability was also assessed by trypan blue exclusion. A6 cells and tumor-immunized lymphocytes were centrifuged separately at 1200 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant fluids were aspirated and the cells were washed with 10 ml DPBS ^(−/−)/tube. Each cell line was washed three times with 2 ml cold Mannitol Fusion Medium (MFM) (0.3M Mannitol, 0.18 mM MgCl₂, 0.18 mM CaCl₂, 1 mM Hepes) and the cells were combined and resuspended in MFM at a density of 3×10⁶ A6 cells and 3×10⁶ PBMCs in 200 μl for a total of 6×10⁶ cells in 200 μl. BTX 450 microslides were sterilized with 65 μL 100% EtOH and pre-wetted with 65 μl MFM. A 40 μl aliquot of cell suspension was distributed evenly onto a BTX 450-1 microslide. To fuse the cells, the ECM 2001 conditions were set as follows: alignment conditions, 20V for 30 seconds; pulse conditions, 150V for 30 μseconds (1X); compression conditions, 20V for 9 seconds. After fusion the cells were transferred to one well of a 24 well plate containing 1 ml phenol red-free cRPMI. The fusion steps were repeated for the remaining cell suspensions, rinsing slide between fusions with 65 μL MFM. The culture plate containing fused cell cultures was incubated overnight at 37° C./8% CO₂. The fused cells were cloned and assessed by ELISA for IgG and IgM production. The results are shown in FIG. 8.

Example 4

[0249] In Vitro Immunization

[0250] Purified GM-CSF from a Commercial Source is Administered in Vitro to Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).

[0251] A. Generation and Assaying of GM-CSF-specific B Lymphocytes Isolation of Lymphocytes from Peripheral Blood.

[0252] Lymphocytes are isolated from whole blood by centrifugation through Ficoll-Paque according to the manufacturer's instructions. Isolated lymphocytes are incubated with 0.25 mM Leu-Leu methyl ester hydrobromide (LLOMe) prepared in RPMI 1640 medium containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 15 minutes at room temperature. The cells are then washed three times with culture medium.

[0253] In Vitro Stimulation of Isolated Lymphocytes.

[0254] The cells are incubated at 37° C. in an incubator, supplied with 8% CO₂, at a density between 2.5 to 5×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS and GM-CSF and IL-2 at various concentrations. After four days of culture, the cells are washed four times with medium and the culture was continued for additional eight days.

[0255] Measurement of the B Cell Response.

[0256] Lymphocyte culture supernatants are collected on day 12 of the culture and tested in an ELISA for the presence of anti-GM-CSF antibodies. Briefly, GM-CSF or BSA at 0.5 μg/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer is immobilized onto an EIA plate. After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the supernatant is added to the wells. Antibodies bound to GM-CSF are detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM. TMB is used for color development. The plate is read using a Microplate reader with a 450 nm filter. A supernatant sample that had antibody bound to GM-CSF, but not to BSA, and in which the signal was two times the assay background is considered positive. The positive cells are pooled, and used for hybridoma production.

[0257] Generation of Hybridomas Secreting Human Antibodies.

[0258] To prepare activated lymphocytes, cells are pooled and cultured in T flasks at 05-1×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS one day prior to the fusion. To prepare the fusion partner, mouse myeloma NS0 cells are transfected with human PMS2-134 expression vector as described in Nicolaides et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. 18(3):1635-1641. The cells are cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS and 2 mM glutamine (Complete Medium) and the culture is kept in log phase.

[0259] Next, lymphocytes are harvested and counted. An equal number of myeloma cells is harvested. Both types of cells are combined and washed three times with RPMI 1640 medium. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is added dropwise to the loosened cell pellet, and the PEG is subsequently diluted out slowly with 25 ml of RPMI medium in a course of 2.5 minutes. After diluting out the PEG, fused cells are suspended in Complete Medium supplemented with HAT and 20% FBS, and seeded onto 96-well plates.

[0260] Screening and Characterization of Antigen-specific Hybridoma Clones.

[0261] When the hybridoma cells grew to semi-confluence, supernatants are collected and subjected to an ELISA for antigen-specific reactivity. As an example, hybridomas derived from TT-immunized lymphocytes are tested. Briefly, TT or BSA at 0.5 ug/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer is immobilized onto the EIA plate. After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumin in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the cell culture supernate is added to the wells. Antibodies bound to GM-CSF are detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM. TMB is used for color development. The plate is read in the Microplate reader with a 450 run filter. A cell clone that showed reactivity to GM-CSF but not to BSA is considered positive. Positive clones are expanded and subcloned by limiting dilution to generate monoclonal cells.

Example 5

[0262] Generation of Hybridomas Secreting Human Monoclonal Antibodies to GM-CSF-KLH

[0263] A. Generation of GM-CSF-specific B Lymphocytes

[0264] Preparation of Antigen.

[0265] Human GM-CSF was purchased from a vendor. In order to enhance immunization, GM-CSF was conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) (GM-CSF-KLH) and the conjugate was used as immunogen for in vitro immunization in order to overcome any immunotolerance.

[0266] Preparation of GM-CSF-KLH conjugate.

[0267] Purified GM-CSF was reconstituted in sterile MilliQ-grade water to yield a 1 mg/ml solution. Purified, lyophilized recombinant KLH was dissolved in sterile MilliQ-grade water to yield a 1 mg/ml KLH solution. A 0.2% solution of glutaraldehyde in PBS was prepared. Crosslinking was performed by combining 25 ul of 1 mg/ml KLH, 25 ul of 1 mg/ml GM-CSF, and 50 ul 0.2% glutaraldehyde in a microcentrifuge tube wrapped in aluminum foil at room temperature, with shaking for 1 hour. Following cross-linking, 25 ul of 1 M glycine was added to the tube and the solution was incubated an additional 1 hour at room temperature with shaking. Crosslinked products were dialyzed against three changes of 300 ml PBS. The reaction was monitored by Western blotting, using a commercial anti-GM-CSF and anti-KLH monoclonal antibodies. By this method, greater than 80% of the components are crosslinked, and appeared as immunoreactive species of greater MW than the starting material (data not shown).

[0268] In Vitro Stimulation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).

[0269] LLOMe-pretreated PBMC were incubated at a density of 3×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS and a stimuli mixture. The stimuli mixture was composed of GM-CSF-KLH at a concentration of 50 ng/ml with or without recombinant human IL-2 at 20 IU, mouse anti-human CD40 antibody as CD40L at 0.5 ug/ml (used to enhance IgG class switching). After four days of culture, the cells were re-fed with complete medium, in the absence of added stimulus, every three or four days. Culture supernatants were collected on days 12-18 and tested for GM-CSF-specific antibodies.

[0270] Detection of GM-CSF-specific Antibody Response.

[0271] The PBMC response to the stimulation was examined in a GM-CSF-specific ELISA. Briefly, GM-CSF, KLH, or chick ovalbumin (CAB) at 0.5 ug/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer, pH 9.6, was immobilized onto EIA plates. After blocking the plates with 1% BSA containing 0.05% Tween 20, the supernatant were added to the wells. Antibodies from the supernatant bound to immobilized antigens were detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG+IgM (H+L). TMB substrate kit was used for color development. The plates were read in a Microplate reader with a 450 nm filter. A supernatant sample containing antibody that bound to GM-CSF, but not to KLH and CAB, was considered positive. There was a robust response observed in cultures immunized to the GM-CSF-KLH as compared to controls. While anti-GM-CSF responses were observed in PBMCs for a small fraction of donors, the percentage of positive clones was greatly increased when PBMC were immunized in vitro with GM-CSF complexed with KLH. Positive cells were pooled and used for hybridoma production.

[0272] Generation of Hybridomas.

[0273] To prepare activated lymphocytes, cells were pooled and cultured in T flasks at 0.5-1×10⁶ cells/ml in culture medium supplemented with 10% FBS one day prior to the fusion. To prepare the fusion partner, mouse myeloma NSO cells were transfected with human PMS2-134 expression vector as described in Nicolaides et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. 18(3):1635-1641. The cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS and 2 mM glutamine (Complete Medium) and the culture was kept in log phase.

[0274] Screening and Characterization of Antigen-specific Hybridoma Clones.

[0275] When the hybridoma cells grew to semi-confluence, supernatants were collected and subjected to an ELISA for antigen-specific reactivity. As an example, hybridomas derived from GM-CSF-immunized lymphocytes were tested. Briefly, GM-CSF, KLH, or CAB at 0.5 ug/ml in 0.05 M carbonate-bicarbonate buffer was immobilized onto the EIA plate. After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumin in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, the cell culture supernate was added to the wells. Antibodies bound were detected with peroxidase-labeled goat anti-human IgG or anti-human IgM. TMB was used for color development. Normal human IgG (nhIgG) and IgM (nhIgM) were used as controls. The plate is read in the Microplate reader with a 450 nm filter. A cell clone that showed reactivity to GM-CSF, but not to CAB was considered positive. The results are shown in FIG. 9

Example 6

[0276] Inhibition of Proliferation Assays

[0277] TF-1 cells were seeded at 0.2×10⁶/ml in RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS and 0.5 ng/ml recombinant human GM-CSF. TF-1 cells were serum starved for 24 hours in medium containing 0.5% BSA, without rhGM-CSF. Cells were then cultured in the presence of 0.275 ng/ml of GM-CSF for 3 days, with or without 4 ug/ml of various antibodies. Cell proliferation was measured using the ATPLite assay (Perkin Elmer). In this assay, ATP was released by lysis of viable cells and utilized by the enzyme luciferase to convert luciferin into oxyluciferin. Light was emitted (luminescence) as a result of the reaction, and the intensity of the emission was ultimately proportional to the ATP content and thus to the cell number. Counts per second (CPS) were obtained by reading the reactions with a luminometer and the percentage of inhibition was calculated according to the formula: 100-(CPS no Ab: CPS with Ab)×100%. The results are shown in FIG. 10.

[0278] The foregoing examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention in any way. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

1 50 1 3063 DNA Homo sapiens 1 ggcacgagtg gctgcttgcg gctagtggat ggtaattgcc tgcctcgcgc tagcagcaag 60 ctgctctgtt aaaagcgaaa atgaaacaat tgcctgcggc aacagttcga ctcctttcaa 120 gttctcagat catcacttcg gtggtcagtg ttgtaaaaga gcttattgaa aactccttgg 180 atgctggtgc cacaagcgta gatgttaaac tggagaacta tggatttgat aaaattgagg 240 tgcgagataa cggggagggt atcaaggctg ttgatgcacc tgtaatggca atgaagtact 300 acacctcaaa aataaatagt catgaagatc ttgaaaattt gacaacttac ggttttcgtg 360 gagaagcctt ggggtcaatt tgttgtatag ctgaggtttt aattacaaca agaacggctg 420 ctgataattt tagcacccag tatgttttag atggcagtgg ccacatactt tctcagaaac 480 cttcacatct tggtcaaggt acaactgtaa ctgctttaag attatttaag aatctacctg 540 taagaaagca gttttactca actgcaaaaa aatgtaaaga tgaaataaaa aagatccaag 600 atctcctcat gagctttggt atccttaaac ctgacttaag gattgtcttt gtacataaca 660 aggcagttat ttggcagaaa agcagagtat cagatcacaa gatggctctc atgtcagttc 720 tggggactgc tgttatgaac aatatggaat cctttcagta ccactctgaa gaatctcaga 780 tttatctcag tggatttctt ccaaagtgtg atgcagacca ctctttcact agtctttcaa 840 caccagaaag aagtttcatc ttcataaaca gtcgaccagt acatcaaaaa gatatcttaa 900 agttaatccg acatcattac aatctgaaat gcctaaagga atctactcgt ttgtatcctg 960 ttttctttct gaaaatcgat gttcctacag ctgatgttga tgtaaattta acaccagata 1020 aaagccaagt attattacaa aataaggaat ctgttttaat tgctcttgaa aatctgatga 1080 cgacttgtta tggaccatta cctagtacaa attcttatga aaataataaa acagatgttt 1140 ccgcagctga catcgttctt agtaaaacag cagaaacaga tgtgcttttt aataaagtgg 1200 aatcatctgg aaagaattat tcaaatgttg atacttcagt cattccattc caaaatgata 1260 tgcataatga tgaatctgga aaaaacactg atgattgttt aaatcaccag ataagtattg 1320 gtgactttgg ttatggtcat tgtagtagtg aaatttctaa cattgataaa aacactaaga 1380 atgcatttca ggacatttca atgagtaatg tatcatggga gaactctcag acggaatata 1440 gtaaaacttg ttttataagt tccgttaagc acacccagtc agaaaatggc aataaagacc 1500 atatagatga gagtggggaa aatgaggaag aagcaggtct tgaaaactct tcggaaattt 1560 ctgcagatga gtggagcagg ggaaatatac ttaaaaattc agtgggagag aatattgaac 1620 ctgtgaaaat tttagtgcct gaaaaaagtt taccatgtaa agtaagtaat aataattatc 1680 caatccctga acaaatgaat cttaatgaag attcatgtaa caaaaaatca aatgtaatag 1740 ataataaatc tggaaaagtt acagcttatg atttacttag caatcgagta atcaagaaac 1800 ccatgtcagc aagtgctctt tttgttcaag atcatcgtcc tcagtttctc atagaaaatc 1860 ctaagactag tttagaggat gcaacactac aaattgaaga actgtggaag acattgagtg 1920 aagaggaaaa actgaaatat gaagagaagg ctactaaaga cttggaacga tacaatagtc 1980 aaatgaagag agccattgaa caggagtcac aaatgtcact aaaagatggc agaaaaaaga 2040 taaaacccac cagcgcatgg aatttggccc agaagcacaa gttaaaaacc tcattatcta 2100 atcaaccaaa acttgatgaa ctccttcagt cccaaattga aaaaagaagg agtcaaaata 2160 ttaaaatggt acagatcccc ttttctatga aaaacttaaa aataaatttt aagaaacaaa 2220 acaaagttga cttagaagag aaggatgaac cttgcttgat ccacaatctc aggtttcctg 2280 atgcatggct aatgacatcc aaaacagagg taatgttatt aaatccatat agagtagaag 2340 aagccctgct atttaaaaga cttcttgaga atcataaact tcctgcagag ccactggaaa 2400 agccaattat gttaacagag agtcttttta atggatctca ttatttagac gttttatata 2460 aaatgacagc agatgaccaa agatacagtg gatcaactta cctgtctgat cctcgtctta 2520 cagcgaatgg tttcaagata aaattgatac caggagtttc aattactgaa aattacttgg 2580 aaatagaagg aatggctaat tgtctcccat tctatggagt agcagattta aaagaaattc 2640 ttaatgctat attaaacaga aatgcaaagg aagtttatga atgtagacct cgcaaagtga 2700 taagttattt agagggagaa gcagtgcgtc tatccagaca attacccatg tacttatcaa 2760 aagaggacat ccaagacatt atctacagaa tgaagcacca gtttggaaat gaaattaaag 2820 agtgtgttca tggtcgccca ttttttcatc atttaaccta tcttccagaa actacatgat 2880 taaatatgtt taagaagatt agttaccatt gaaattggtt ctgtcataaa acagcatgag 2940 tctggtttta aattatcttt gtattatgtg tcacatggtt attttttaaa tgaggattca 3000 ctgacttgtt tttatattga aaaaagttcc acgtattgta gaaaacgtaa ataaactaat 3060 aac 3063 2 932 PRT Homo sapiens 2 Met Lys Gln Leu Pro Ala Ala Thr Val Arg Leu Leu Ser Ser Ser Gln 1 5 10 15 Ile Ile Thr Ser Val Val Ser Val Val Lys Glu Leu Ile Glu Asn Ser 20 25 30 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Ser Val Asp Val Lys Leu Glu Asn Tyr Gly 35 40 45 Phe Asp Lys Ile Glu Val Arg Asp Asn Gly Glu Gly Ile Lys Ala Val 50 55 60 Asp Ala Pro Val Met Ala Met Lys Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Lys Ile Asn Ser 65 70 75 80 His Glu Asp Leu Glu Asn Leu Thr Thr Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 85 90 95 Leu Gly Ser Ile Cys Cys Ile Ala Glu Val Leu Ile Thr Thr Arg Thr 100 105 110 Ala Ala Asp Asn Phe Ser Thr Gln Tyr Val Leu Asp Gly Ser Gly His 115 120 125 Ile Leu Ser Gln Lys Pro Ser His Leu Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr 130 135 140 Ala Leu Arg Leu Phe Lys Asn Leu Pro Val Arg Lys Gln Phe Tyr Ser 145 150 155 160 Thr Ala Lys Lys Cys Lys Asp Glu Ile Lys Lys Ile Gln Asp Leu Leu 165 170 175 Met Ser Phe Gly Ile Leu Lys Pro Asp Leu Arg Ile Val Phe Val His 180 185 190 Asn Lys Ala Val Ile Trp Gln Lys Ser Arg Val Ser Asp His Lys Met 195 200 205 Ala Leu Met Ser Val Leu Gly Thr Ala Val Met Asn Asn Met Glu Ser 210 215 220 Phe Gln Tyr His Ser Glu Glu Ser Gln Ile Tyr Leu Ser Gly Phe Leu 225 230 235 240 Pro Lys Cys Asp Ala Asp His Ser Phe Thr Ser Leu Ser Thr Pro Glu 245 250 255 Arg Ser Phe Ile Phe Ile Asn Ser Arg Pro Val His Gln Lys Asp Ile 260 265 270 Leu Lys Leu Ile Arg His His Tyr Asn Leu Lys Cys Leu Lys Glu Ser 275 280 285 Thr Arg Leu Tyr Pro Val Phe Phe Leu Lys Ile Asp Val Pro Thr Ala 290 295 300 Asp Val Asp Val Asn Leu Thr Pro Asp Lys Ser Gln Val Leu Leu Gln 305 310 315 320 Asn Lys Glu Ser Val Leu Ile Ala Leu Glu Asn Leu Met Thr Thr Cys 325 330 335 Tyr Gly Pro Leu Pro Ser Thr Asn Ser Tyr Glu Asn Asn Lys Thr Asp 340 345 350 Val Ser Ala Ala Asp Ile Val Leu Ser Lys Thr Ala Glu Thr Asp Val 355 360 365 Leu Phe Asn Lys Val Glu Ser Ser Gly Lys Asn Tyr Ser Asn Val Asp 370 375 380 Thr Ser Val Ile Pro Phe Gln Asn Asp Met His Asn Asp Glu Ser Gly 385 390 395 400 Lys Asn Thr Asp Asp Cys Leu Asn His Gln Ile Ser Ile Gly Asp Phe 405 410 415 Gly Tyr Gly His Cys Ser Ser Glu Ile Ser Asn Ile Asp Lys Asn Thr 420 425 430 Lys Asn Ala Phe Gln Asp Ile Ser Met Ser Asn Val Ser Trp Glu Asn 435 440 445 Ser Gln Thr Glu Tyr Ser Lys Thr Cys Phe Ile Ser Ser Val Lys His 450 455 460 Thr Gln Ser Glu Asn Gly Asn Lys Asp His Ile Asp Glu Ser Gly Glu 465 470 475 480 Asn Glu Glu Glu Ala Gly Leu Glu Asn Ser Ser Glu Ile Ser Ala Asp 485 490 495 Glu Trp Ser Arg Gly Asn Ile Leu Lys Asn Ser Val Gly Glu Asn Ile 500 505 510 Glu Pro Val Lys Ile Leu Val Pro Glu Lys Ser Leu Pro Cys Lys Val 515 520 525 Ser Asn Asn Asn Tyr Pro Ile Pro Glu Gln Met Asn Leu Asn Glu Asp 530 535 540 Ser Cys Asn Lys Lys Ser Asn Val Ile Asp Asn Lys Ser Gly Lys Val 545 550 555 560 Thr Ala Tyr Asp Leu Leu Ser Asn Arg Val Ile Lys Lys Pro Met Ser 565 570 575 Ala Ser Ala Leu Phe Val Gln Asp His Arg Pro Gln Phe Leu Ile Glu 580 585 590 Asn Pro Lys Thr Ser Leu Glu Asp Ala Thr Leu Gln Ile Glu Glu Leu 595 600 605 Trp Lys Thr Leu Ser Glu Glu Glu Lys Leu Lys Tyr Glu Glu Lys Ala 610 615 620 Thr Lys Asp Leu Glu Arg Tyr Asn Ser Gln Met Lys Arg Ala Ile Glu 625 630 635 640 Gln Glu Ser Gln Met Ser Leu Lys Asp Gly Arg Lys Lys Ile Lys Pro 645 650 655 Thr Ser Ala Trp Asn Leu Ala Gln Lys His Lys Leu Lys Thr Ser Leu 660 665 670 Ser Asn Gln Pro Lys Leu Asp Glu Leu Leu Gln Ser Gln Ile Glu Lys 675 680 685 Arg Arg Ser Gln Asn Ile Lys Met Val Gln Ile Pro Phe Ser Met Lys 690 695 700 Asn Leu Lys Ile Asn Phe Lys Lys Gln Asn Lys Val Asp Leu Glu Glu 705 710 715 720 Lys Asp Glu Pro Cys Leu Ile His Asn Leu Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Trp 725 730 735 Leu Met Thr Ser Lys Thr Glu Val Met Leu Leu Asn Pro Tyr Arg Val 740 745 750 Glu Glu Ala Leu Leu Phe Lys Arg Leu Leu Glu Asn His Lys Leu Pro 755 760 765 Ala Glu Pro Leu Glu Lys Pro Ile Met Leu Thr Glu Ser Leu Phe Asn 770 775 780 Gly Ser His Tyr Leu Asp Val Leu Tyr Lys Met Thr Ala Asp Asp Gln 785 790 795 800 Arg Tyr Ser Gly Ser Thr Tyr Leu Ser Asp Pro Arg Leu Thr Ala Asn 805 810 815 Gly Phe Lys Ile Lys Leu Ile Pro Gly Val Ser Ile Thr Glu Asn Tyr 820 825 830 Leu Glu Ile Glu Gly Met Ala Asn Cys Leu Pro Phe Tyr Gly Val Ala 835 840 845 Asp Leu Lys Glu Ile Leu Asn Ala Ile Leu Asn Arg Asn Ala Lys Glu 850 855 860 Val Tyr Glu Cys Arg Pro Arg Lys Val Ile Ser Tyr Leu Glu Gly Glu 865 870 875 880 Ala Val Arg Leu Ser Arg Gln Leu Pro Met Tyr Leu Ser Lys Glu Asp 885 890 895 Ile Gln Asp Ile Ile Tyr Arg Met Lys His Gln Phe Gly Asn Glu Ile 900 905 910 Lys Glu Cys Val His Gly Arg Pro Phe Phe His His Leu Thr Tyr Leu 915 920 925 Pro Glu Thr Thr 930 3 2771 DNA Homo sapiens 3 cgaggcggat cgggtgttgc atccatggag cgagctgaga gctcgagtac agaacctgct 60 aaggccatca aacctattga tcggaagtca gtccatcaga tttgctctgg gcaggtggta 120 ctgagtctaa gcactgcggt aaaggagtta gtagaaaaca gtctggatgc tggtgccact 180 aatattgatc taaagcttaa ggactatgga gtggatctta ttgaagtttc agacaatgga 240 tgtggggtag aagaagaaaa cttcgaaggc ttaactctga aacatcacac atctaagatt 300 caagagtttg ccgacctaac tcaggttgaa acttttggct ttcgggggga agctctgagc 360 tcactttgtg cactgagcga tgtcaccatt tctacctgcc acgcatcggc gaaggttgga 420 actcgactga tgtttgatca caatgggaaa attatccaga aaacccccta cccccgcccc 480 agagggacca cagtcagcgt gcagcagtta ttttccacac tacctgtgcg ccataaggaa 540 tttcaaagga atattaagaa ggagtatgcc aaaatggtcc aggtcttaca tgcatactgt 600 atcatttcag caggcatccg tgtaagttgc accaatcagc ttggacaagg aaaacgacag 660 cctgtggtat gcacaggtgg aagccccagc ataaaggaaa atatcggctc tgtgtttggg 720 cagaagcagt tgcaaagcct cattcctttt gttcagctgc cccctagtga ctccgtgtgt 780 gaagagtacg gtttgagctg ttcggatgct ctgcataatc ttttttacat ctcaggtttc 840 atttcacaat gcacgcatgg agttggaagg agttcaacag acagacagtt tttctttatc 900 aaccggcggc cttgtgaccc agcaaaggtc tgcagactcg tgaatgaggt ctaccacatg 960 tataatcgac accagtatcc atttgttgtt cttaacattt ctgttgattc agaatgcgtt 1020 gatatcaatg ttactccaga taaaaggcaa attttgctac aagaggaaaa gcttttgttg 1080 gcagttttaa agacctcttt gataggaatg tttgatagtg atgtcaacaa gctaaatgtc 1140 agtcagcagc cactgctgga tgttgaaggt aacttaataa aaatgcatgc agcggatttg 1200 gaaaagccca tggtagaaaa gcaggatcaa tccccttcat taaggactgg agaagaaaaa 1260 aaagacgtgt ccatttccag actgcgagag gccttttctc ttcgtcacac aacagagaac 1320 aagcctcaca gcccaaagac tccagaacca agaaggagcc ctctaggaca gaaaaggggt 1380 atgctgtctt ctagcacttc aggtgccatc tctgacaaag gcgtcctgag acctcagaaa 1440 gaggcagtga gttccagtca cggacccagt gaccctacgg acagagcgga ggtggagaag 1500 gactcggggc acggcagcac ttccgtggat tctgaggggt tcagcatccc agacacgggc 1560 agtcactgca gcagcgagta tgcggccagc tccccagggg acaggggctc gcaggaacat 1620 gtggactctc aggagaaagc gcctgaaact gacgactctt tttcagatgt ggactgccat 1680 tcaaaccagg aagataccgg atgtaaattt cgagttttgc ctcagccaac taatctcgca 1740 accccaaaca caaagcgttt taaaaaagaa gaaattcttt ccagttctga catttgtcaa 1800 aagttagtaa atactcagga catgtcagcc tctcaggttg atgtagctgt gaaaattaat 1860 aagaaagttg tgcccctgga cttttctatg agttctttag ctaaacgaat aaagcagtta 1920 catcatgaag cacagcaaag tgaaggggaa cagaattaca ggaagtttag ggcaaagatt 1980 tgtcctggag aaaatcaagc agccgaagat gaactaagaa aagagataag taaaacgatg 2040 tttgcagaaa tggaaatcat tggtcagttt aacctgggat ttataataac caaactgaat 2100 gaggatatct tcatagtgga ccagcatgcc acggacgaga agtataactt cgagatgctg 2160 cagcagcaca ccgtgctcca ggggcagagg ctcatagcac ctcagactct caacttaact 2220 gctgttaatg aagctgttct gatagaaaat ctggaaatat ttagaaagaa tggctttgat 2280 tttgttatcg atgaaaatgc tccagtcact gaaagggcta aactgatttc cttgccaact 2340 agtaaaaact ggaccttcgg accccaggac gtcgatgaac tgatcttcat gctgagcgac 2400 agccctgggg tcatgtgccg gccttcccga gtcaagcaga tgtttgcctc cagagcctgc 2460 cggaagtcgg tgatgattgg gactgctctt aacacaagcg agatgaagaa actgatcacc 2520 cacatggggg agatggacca cccctggaac tgtccccatg gaaggccaac catgagacac 2580 atcgccaacc tgggtgtcat ttctcagaac tgaccgtagt cactgtatgg aataattggt 2640 tttatcgcag atttttatgt tttgaaagac agagtcttca ctaacctttt ttgttttaaa 2700 atgaaacctg ctacttaaaa aaaatacaca tcacacccat ttaaaagtga tcttgagaac 2760 cttttcaaac c 2771 4 932 PRT Homo sapiens 4 Met Lys Gln Leu Pro Ala Ala Thr Val Arg Leu Leu Ser Ser Ser Gln 1 5 10 15 Ile Ile Thr Ser Val Val Ser Val Val Lys Glu Leu Ile Glu Asn Ser 20 25 30 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Ser Val Asp Val Lys Leu Glu Asn Tyr Gly 35 40 45 Phe Asp Lys Ile Glu Val Arg Asp Asn Gly Glu Gly Ile Lys Ala Val 50 55 60 Asp Ala Pro Val Met Ala Met Lys Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Lys Ile Asn Ser 65 70 75 80 His Glu Asp Leu Glu Asn Leu Thr Thr Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 85 90 95 Leu Gly Ser Ile Cys Cys Ile Ala Glu Val Leu Ile Thr Thr Arg Thr 100 105 110 Ala Ala Asp Asn Phe Ser Thr Gln Tyr Val Leu Asp Gly Ser Gly His 115 120 125 Ile Leu Ser Gln Lys Pro Ser His Leu Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr 130 135 140 Ala Leu Arg Leu Phe Lys Asn Leu Pro Val Arg Lys Gln Phe Tyr Ser 145 150 155 160 Thr Ala Lys Lys Cys Lys Asp Glu Ile Lys Lys Ile Gln Asp Leu Leu 165 170 175 Met Ser Phe Gly Ile Leu Lys Pro Asp Leu Arg Ile Val Phe Val His 180 185 190 Asn Lys Ala Val Ile Trp Gln Lys Ser Arg Val Ser Asp His Lys Met 195 200 205 Ala Leu Met Ser Val Leu Gly Thr Ala Val Met Asn Asn Met Glu Ser 210 215 220 Phe Gln Tyr His Ser Glu Glu Ser Gln Ile Tyr Leu Ser Gly Phe Leu 225 230 235 240 Pro Lys Cys Asp Ala Asp His Ser Phe Thr Ser Leu Ser Thr Pro Glu 245 250 255 Arg Ser Phe Ile Phe Ile Asn Ser Arg Pro Val His Gln Lys Asp Ile 260 265 270 Leu Lys Leu Ile Arg His His Tyr Asn Leu Lys Cys Leu Lys Glu Ser 275 280 285 Thr Arg Leu Tyr Pro Val Phe Phe Leu Lys Ile Asp Val Pro Thr Ala 290 295 300 Asp Val Asp Val Asn Leu Thr Pro Asp Lys Ser Gln Val Leu Leu Gln 305 310 315 320 Asn Lys Glu Ser Val Leu Ile Ala Leu Glu Asn Leu Met Thr Thr Cys 325 330 335 Tyr Gly Pro Leu Pro Ser Thr Asn Ser Tyr Glu Asn Asn Lys Thr Asp 340 345 350 Val Ser Ala Ala Asp Ile Val Leu Ser Lys Thr Ala Glu Thr Asp Val 355 360 365 Leu Phe Asn Lys Val Glu Ser Ser Gly Lys Asn Tyr Ser Asn Val Asp 370 375 380 Thr Ser Val Ile Pro Phe Gln Asn Asp Met His Asn Asp Glu Ser Gly 385 390 395 400 Lys Asn Thr Asp Asp Cys Leu Asn His Gln Ile Ser Ile Gly Asp Phe 405 410 415 Gly Tyr Gly His Cys Ser Ser Glu Ile Ser Asn Ile Asp Lys Asn Thr 420 425 430 Lys Asn Ala Phe Gln Asp Ile Ser Met Ser Asn Val Ser Trp Glu Asn 435 440 445 Ser Gln Thr Glu Tyr Ser Lys Thr Cys Phe Ile Ser Ser Val Lys His 450 455 460 Thr Gln Ser Glu Asn Gly Asn Lys Asp His Ile Asp Glu Ser Gly Glu 465 470 475 480 Asn Glu Glu Glu Ala Gly Leu Glu Asn Ser Ser Glu Ile Ser Ala Asp 485 490 495 Glu Trp Ser Arg Gly Asn Ile Leu Lys Asn Ser Val Gly Glu Asn Ile 500 505 510 Glu Pro Val Lys Ile Leu Val Pro Glu Lys Ser Leu Pro Cys Lys Val 515 520 525 Ser Asn Asn Asn Tyr Pro Ile Pro Glu Gln Met Asn Leu Asn Glu Asp 530 535 540 Ser Cys Asn Lys Lys Ser Asn Val Ile Asp Asn Lys Ser Gly Lys Val 545 550 555 560 Thr Ala Tyr Asp Leu Leu Ser Asn Arg Val Ile Lys Lys Pro Met Ser 565 570 575 Ala Ser Ala Leu Phe Val Gln Asp His Arg Pro Gln Phe Leu Ile Glu 580 585 590 Asn Pro Lys Thr Ser Leu Glu Asp Ala Thr Leu Gln Ile Glu Glu Leu 595 600 605 Trp Lys Thr Leu Ser Glu Glu Glu Lys Leu Lys Tyr Glu Glu Lys Ala 610 615 620 Thr Lys Asp Leu Glu Arg Tyr Asn Ser Gln Met Lys Arg Ala Ile Glu 625 630 635 640 Gln Glu Ser Gln Met Ser Leu Lys Asp Gly Arg Lys Lys Ile Lys Pro 645 650 655 Thr Ser Ala Trp Asn Leu Ala Gln Lys His Lys Leu Lys Thr Ser Leu 660 665 670 Ser Asn Gln Pro Lys Leu Asp Glu Leu Leu Gln Ser Gln Ile Glu Lys 675 680 685 Arg Arg Ser Gln Asn Ile Lys Met Val Gln Ile Pro Phe Ser Met Lys 690 695 700 Asn Leu Lys Ile Asn Phe Lys Lys Gln Asn Lys Val Asp Leu Glu Glu 705 710 715 720 Lys Asp Glu Pro Cys Leu Ile His Asn Leu Arg Phe Pro Asp Ala Trp 725 730 735 Leu Met Thr Ser Lys Thr Glu Val Met Leu Leu Asn Pro Tyr Arg Val 740 745 750 Glu Glu Ala Leu Leu Phe Lys Arg Leu Leu Glu Asn His Lys Leu Pro 755 760 765 Ala Glu Pro Leu Glu Lys Pro Ile Met Leu Thr Glu Ser Leu Phe Asn 770 775 780 Gly Ser His Tyr Leu Asp Val Leu Tyr Lys Met Thr Ala Asp Asp Gln 785 790 795 800 Arg Tyr Ser Gly Ser Thr Tyr Leu Ser Asp Pro Arg Leu Thr Ala Asn 805 810 815 Gly Phe Lys Ile Lys Leu Ile Pro Gly Val Ser Ile Thr Glu Asn Tyr 820 825 830 Leu Glu Ile Glu Gly Met Ala Asn Cys Leu Pro Phe Tyr Gly Val Ala 835 840 845 Asp Leu Lys Glu Ile Leu Asn Ala Ile Leu Asn Arg Asn Ala Lys Glu 850 855 860 Val Tyr Glu Cys Arg Pro Arg Lys Val Ile Ser Tyr Leu Glu Gly Glu 865 870 875 880 Ala Val Arg Leu Ser Arg Gln Leu Pro Met Tyr Leu Ser Lys Glu Asp 885 890 895 Ile Gln Asp Ile Ile Tyr Arg Met Lys His Gln Phe Gly Asn Glu Ile 900 905 910 Lys Glu Cys Val His Gly Arg Pro Phe Phe His His Leu Thr Tyr Leu 915 920 925 Pro Glu Thr Thr 930 5 426 DNA Homo sapiens 5 cgaggcggat cgggtgttgc atccatggag cgagctgaga gctcgagtac agaacctgct 60 aaggccatca aacctattga tcggaagtca gtccatcaga tttgctctgg gcaggtggta 120 ctgagtctaa gcactgcggt aaaggagtta gtagaaaaca gtctggatgc tggtgccact 180 aatattgatc taaagcttaa ggactatgga gtggatctta ttgaagtttc agacaatgga 240 tgtggggtag aagaagaaaa cttcgaaggc ttaactctga aacatcacac atctaagatt 300 caagagtttg ccgacctaac tcaggttgaa acttttggct ttcgggggga agctctgagc 360 tcactttgtg cactgagcga tgtcaccatt tctacctgcc acgcatcggc gaaggttgga 420 acttga 426 6 133 PRT Homo sapiens 6 Met Lys Gln Leu Pro Ala Ala Thr Val Arg Leu Leu Ser Ser Ser Gln 1 5 10 15 Ile Ile Thr Ser Val Val Ser Val Val Lys Glu Leu Ile Glu Asn Ser 20 25 30 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Ser Val Asp Val Lys Leu Glu Asn Tyr Gly 35 40 45 Phe Asp Lys Ile Glu Val Arg Asp Asn Gly Glu Gly Ile Lys Ala Val 50 55 60 Asp Ala Pro Val Met Ala Met Lys Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Lys Ile Asn Ser 65 70 75 80 His Glu Asp Leu Glu Asn Leu Thr Thr Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 85 90 95 Leu Gly Ser Ile Cys Cys Ile Ala Glu Val Leu Ile Thr Thr Arg Thr 100 105 110 Ala Ala Asp Asn Phe Ser Thr Gln Tyr Val Leu Asp Gly Ser Gly His 115 120 125 Ile Leu Ser Gln Lys 130 7 1408 DNA Homo sapiens 7 ggcgctccta cctgcaagtg gctagtgcca agtgctgggc cgccgctcct gccgtgcatg 60 ttggggagcc agtacatgca ggtgggctcc acacggagag gggcgcagac ccggtgacag 120 ggctttacct ggtacatcgg catggcgcaa ccaaagcaag agagggtggc gcgtgccaga 180 caccaacggt cggaaaccgc cagacaccaa cggtcggaaa ccgccaagac accaacgctc 240 ggaaaccgcc agacaccaac gctcggaaac cgccagacac caaggctcgg aatccacgcc 300 aggccacgac ggagggcgac tacctccctt ctgaccctgc tgctggcgtt cggaaaaaac 360 gcagtccggt gtgctctgat tggtccaggc tctttgacgt cacggactcg acctttgaca 420 gagccactag gcgaaaagga gagacgggaa gtattttttc cgccccgccc ggaaagggtg 480 gagcacaacg tcgaaagcag ccgttgggag cccaggaggc ggggcgcctg tgggagccgt 540 ggagggaact ttcccagtcc ccgaggcgga tccggtgttg catccttgga gcgagctgag 600 aactcgagta cagaacctgc taaggccatc aaacctattg atcggaagtc agtccatcag 660 atttgctctg ggccggtggt accgagtcta aggccgaatg cggtgaagga gttagtagaa 720 aacagtctgg atgctggtgc cactaatgtt gatctaaagc ttaaggacta tggagtggat 780 ctcattgaag tttcaggcaa tggatgtggg gtagaagaag aaaacttcga aggctttact 840 ctgaaacatc acacatgtaa gattcaagag tttgccgacc taactcaggt ggaaactttt 900 ggctttcggg gggaagctct gagctcactt tgtgcactga gtgatgtcac catttctacc 960 tgccgtgtat cagcgaaggt tgggactcga ctggtgtttg atcactatgg gaaaatcatc 1020 cagaaaaccc cctacccccg ccccagaggg atgacagtca gcgtgaagca gttattttct 1080 acgctacctg tgcaccataa agaatttcaa aggaatatta agaagaaacg tgcctgcttc 1140 cccttcgcct tctgccgtga ttgtcagttt cctgaggcct ccccagccat gcttcctgta 1200 cagcctgtag aactgactcc tagaagtacc ccaccccacc cctgctcctt ggaggacaac 1260 gtgatcactg tattcagctc tgtcaagaat ggtccaggtt cttctagatg atctgcacaa 1320 atggttcctc tcctccttcc tgatgtctgc cattagcatt ggaataaagt tcctgctgaa 1380 aatccaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaa 1408 8 389 PRT Homo sapiens 8 Met Ala Gln Pro Lys Gln Glu Arg Val Ala Arg Ala Arg His Gln Arg 1 5 10 15 Ser Glu Thr Ala Arg His Gln Arg Ser Glu Thr Ala Lys Thr Pro Thr 20 25 30 Leu Gly Asn Arg Gln Thr Pro Thr Leu Gly Asn Arg Gln Thr Pro Arg 35 40 45 Leu Gly Ile His Ala Arg Pro Arg Arg Arg Ala Thr Thr Ser Leu Leu 50 55 60 Thr Leu Leu Leu Ala Phe Gly Lys Asn Ala Val Arg Cys Ala Leu Ile 65 70 75 80 Gly Pro Gly Ser Leu Thr Ser Arg Thr Arg Pro Leu Thr Glu Pro Leu 85 90 95 Gly Glu Lys Glu Arg Arg Glu Val Phe Phe Pro Pro Arg Pro Glu Arg 100 105 110 Val Glu His Asn Val Glu Ser Ser Arg Trp Glu Pro Arg Arg Arg Gly 115 120 125 Ala Cys Gly Ser Arg Gly Gly Asn Phe Pro Ser Pro Arg Gly Gly Ser 130 135 140 Gly Val Ala Ser Leu Glu Arg Ala Glu Asn Ser Ser Thr Glu Pro Ala 145 150 155 160 Lys Ala Ile Lys Pro Ile Asp Arg Lys Ser Val His Gln Ile Cys Ser 165 170 175 Gly Pro Val Val Pro Ser Leu Arg Pro Asn Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val 180 185 190 Glu Asn Ser Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Asn Val Asp Leu Lys Leu Lys 195 200 205 Asp Tyr Gly Val Asp Leu Ile Glu Val Ser Gly Asn Gly Cys Gly Val 210 215 220 Glu Glu Glu Asn Phe Glu Gly Phe Thr Leu Lys His His Thr Cys Lys 225 230 235 240 Ile Gln Glu Phe Ala Asp Leu Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Phe Gly Phe Arg 245 250 255 Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Cys Ala Leu Ser Asp Val Thr Ile Ser 260 265 270 Thr Cys Arg Val Ser Ala Lys Val Gly Thr Arg Leu Val Phe Asp His 275 280 285 Tyr Gly Lys Ile Ile Gln Lys Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Pro Arg Gly Met 290 295 300 Thr Val Ser Val Lys Gln Leu Phe Ser Thr Leu Pro Val His His Lys 305 310 315 320 Glu Phe Gln Arg Asn Ile Lys Lys Lys Arg Ala Cys Phe Pro Phe Ala 325 330 335 Phe Cys Arg Asp Cys Gln Phe Pro Glu Ala Ser Pro Ala Met Leu Pro 340 345 350 Val Gln Pro Val Glu Leu Thr Pro Arg Ser Thr Pro Pro His Pro Cys 355 360 365 Ser Leu Glu Asp Asn Val Ile Thr Val Phe Ser Ser Val Lys Asn Gly 370 375 380 Pro Gly Ser Ser Arg 385 9 1785 DNA Homo sapiens 9 tttttagaaa ctgatgttta ttttccatca accatttttc catgctgctt aagagaatat 60 gcaagaacag cttaagacca gtcagtggtt gctcctaccc attcagtggc ctgagcagtg 120 gggagctgca gaccagtctt ccgtggcagg ctgagcgctc cagtcttcag tagggaattg 180 ctgaataggc acagagggca cctgtacacc ttcagaccag tctgcaacct caggctgagt 240 agcagtgaac tcaggagcgg gagcagtcca ttcaccctga aattcctcct tggtcactgc 300 cttctcagca gcagcctgct cttctttttc aatctcttca ggatctctgt agaagtacag 360 atcaggcatg acctcccatg ggtgttcacg ggaaatggtg ccacgcatgc gcagaacttc 420 ccgagccagc atccaccaca ttaaacccac tgagtgagct cccttgttgt tgcatgggat 480 ggcaatgtcc acatagcgca gaggagaatc tgtgttacac agcgcaatgg taggtaggtt 540 aacataagat gcctccgtga gaggcgaagg ggcggcggga cccgggcctg gcccgtatgt 600 gtccttggcg gcctagacta ggccgtcgct gtatggtgag ccccagggag gcggatctgg 660 gcccccagaa ggacacccgc ctggatttgc cccgtagccc ggcccgggcc cctcgggagc 720 agaacagcct tggtgaggtg gacaggaggg gacctcgcga gcagacgcgc gcgccagcga 780 cagcagcccc gccccggcct ctcgggagcc ggggggcaga ggctgcggag ccccaggagg 840 gtctatcagc cacagtctct gcatgtttcc aagagcaaca ggaaatgaac acattgcagg 900 ggccagtgtc attcaaagat gtggctgtgg atttcaccca ggaggagtgg cggcaactgg 960 accctgatga gaagatagca tacggggatg tgatgttgga gaactacagc catctagttt 1020 ctgtggggta tgattatcac caagccaaac atcatcatgg agtggaggtg aaggaagtgg 1080 agcagggaga ggagccgtgg ataatggaag gtgaatttcc atgtcaacat agtccagaac 1140 ctgctaaggc catcaaacct attgatcgga agtcagtcca tcagatttgc tctgggccag 1200 tggtactgag tctaagcact gcagtgaagg agttagtaga aaacagtctg gatgctggtg 1260 ccactaatat tgatctaaag cttaaggact atggagtgga tctcattgaa gtttcagaca 1320 atggatgtgg ggtagaagaa gaaaactttg aaggcttaat ctctttcagc tctgaaacat 1380 cacacatgta agattcaaga gtttgccgac ctaactgaag ttgaaacttt cggttttcag 1440 ggggaagctc tgagctcact gtgtgcactg agcgatgtca ccatttctac ctgccacgcg 1500 ttggtgaagg ttgggactcg actggtgttt gatcacgatg ggaaaatcat ccaggaaacc 1560 ccctaccccc accccagagg gaccacagtc agcgtgaagc agttattttc tacgctacct 1620 gtgcgccata aggaatttca aaggaatatt aagaagacgt gcctgcttcc ccttcgcctt 1680 ctgccgtgat tgtcagtttc ctgaggcctc cccagccatg cttcctgtac agcctgcaga 1740 actgtgagtc aattaaacct cttttcttca taaattaaaa aaaaa 1785 10 264 PRT Homo sapiens 10 Met Cys Pro Trp Arg Pro Arg Leu Gly Arg Arg Cys Met Val Ser Pro 1 5 10 15 Arg Glu Ala Asp Leu Gly Pro Gln Lys Asp Thr Arg Leu Asp Leu Pro 20 25 30 Arg Ser Pro Ala Arg Ala Pro Arg Glu Gln Asn Ser Leu Gly Glu Val 35 40 45 Asp Arg Arg Gly Pro Arg Glu Gln Thr Arg Ala Pro Ala Thr Ala Ala 50 55 60 Pro Pro Arg Pro Leu Gly Ser Arg Gly Ala Glu Ala Ala Glu Pro Gln 65 70 75 80 Glu Gly Leu Ser Ala Thr Val Ser Ala Cys Phe Gln Glu Gln Gln Glu 85 90 95 Met Asn Thr Leu Gln Gly Pro Val Ser Phe Lys Asp Val Ala Val Asp 100 105 110 Phe Thr Gln Glu Glu Trp Arg Gln Leu Asp Pro Asp Glu Lys Ile Ala 115 120 125 Tyr Gly Asp Val Met Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ser His Leu Val Ser Val Gly 130 135 140 Tyr Asp Tyr His Gln Ala Lys His His His Gly Val Glu Val Lys Glu 145 150 155 160 Val Glu Gln Gly Glu Glu Pro Trp Ile Met Glu Gly Glu Phe Pro Cys 165 170 175 Gln His Ser Pro Glu Pro Ala Lys Ala Ile Lys Pro Ile Asp Arg Lys 180 185 190 Ser Val His Gln Ile Cys Ser Gly Pro Val Val Leu Ser Leu Ser Thr 195 200 205 Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val Glu Asn Ser Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Asn 210 215 220 Ile Asp Leu Lys Leu Lys Asp Tyr Gly Val Asp Leu Ile Glu Val Ser 225 230 235 240 Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Val Glu Glu Glu Asn Phe Glu Gly Leu Ile Ser 245 250 255 Phe Ser Ser Glu Thr Ser His Met 260 11 2271 DNA Homo sapiens 11 atgtcgttcg tggcaggggt tattcggcgg ctggacgaga cagtggtgaa ccgcatcgcg 60 gcgggggaag ttatccagcg gccagctaat gctatcaaag agatgattga gaactgttta 120 gatgcaaaat ccacaagtat tcaagtgatt gttaaagagg gaggcctgaa gttgattcag 180 atccaagaca atggcaccgg gatcaggaaa gaagatctgg atattgtatg tgaaaggttc 240 actactagta aactgcagtc ctttgaggat ttagccagta tttctaccta tggctttcga 300 ggtgaggctt tggccagcat aagccatgtg gctcatgtta ctattacaac gaaaacagct 360 gatggaaagt gtgcatacag agcaagttac tcagatggaa aactgaaagc ccctcctaaa 420 ccatgtgctg gcaatcaagg gacccagatc acggtggagg acctttttta caacatagcc 480 acgaggagaa aagctttaaa aaatccaagt gaagaatatg ggaaaatttt ggaagttgtt 540 ggcaggtatt cagtacacaa tgcaggcatt agtttctcag ttaaaaaaca aggagagaca 600 gtagctgatg ttaggacact acccaatgcc tcaaccgtgg acaatattcg ctccatcttt 660 ggaaatgctg ttagtcgaga actgatagaa attggatgtg aggataaaac cctagccttc 720 aaaatgaatg gttacatatc caatgcaaac tactcagtga agaagtgcat cttcttactc 780 ttcatcaacc atcgtctggt agaatcaact tccttgagaa aagccataga aacagtgtat 840 gcagcctatt tgcccaaaaa cacacaccca ttcctgtacc tcagtttaga aatcagtccc 900 cagaatgtgg atgttaatgt gcaccccaca aagcatgaag ttcacttcct gcacgaggag 960 agcatcctgg agcgggtgca gcagcacatc gagagcaagc tcctgggctc caattcctcc 1020 aggatgtact tcacccagac tttgctacca ggacttgctg gcccctctgg ggagatggtt 1080 aaatccacaa caagtctgac ctcgtcttct acttctggaa gtagtgataa ggtctatgcc 1140 caccagatgg ttcgtacaga ttcccgggaa cagaagcttg atgcatttct gcagcctctg 1200 agcaaacccc tgtccagtca gccccaggcc attgtcacag aggataagac agatatttct 1260 agtggcaggg ctaggcagca agatgaggag atgcttgaac tcccagcccc tgctgaagtg 1320 gctgccaaaa atcagagctt ggagggggat acaacaaagg ggacttcaga aatgtcagag 1380 aagagaggac ctacttccag caaccccaga aagagacatc gggaagattc tgatgtggaa 1440 atggtggaag atgattcccg aaaggaaatg actgcagctt gtaccccccg gagaaggatc 1500 attaacctca ctagtgtttt gagtctccag gaagaaatta atgagcaggg acatgaggtt 1560 ctccgggaga tgttgcataa ccactccttc gtgggctgtg tgaatcctca gtgggccttg 1620 gcacagcatc aaaccaagtt ataccttctc aacaccacca agcttagtga agaactgttc 1680 taccagatac tcatttatga ttttgccaat tttggtgttc tcaggttatc ggagccagca 1740 ccgctctttg accttgccat gcttgcctta gatagtccag agagtggctg gacagaggaa 1800 gatggtccca aagaaggact tgctgaatac attgttgagt ttctgaagaa gaaggctgag 1860 atgcttgcag actatttctc tttggaaatt gatgaggaag ggaacctgat tggattaccc 1920 cttctgattg acaactatgt gccccctttg gagggactgc ctatcttcat tcttcgacta 1980 gccactgagg tgaattggga cgaagaaaag gaatgttttg aaagcctcag taaagaatgc 2040 gctatgttct attccatccg gaagcagtac atatctgagg agtcgaccct ctcaggccag 2100 cagagtgaag tgcctggctc cattccaaac tcctggaagt ggactgtgga acacattgtc 2160 tataaagcct tgcgctcaca cattctgcct cctaaacatt tcacagaaga tggaaatatc 2220 ctgcagcttg ctaacctgcc tgatctatac aaagtctttg agaggtgtta a 2271 12 2484 PRT Homo sapiens 12 Cys Thr Thr Gly Gly Cys Thr Cys Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly Gly Cys Gly 1 5 10 15 Cys Cys Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Gly Thr Cys Gly Thr Thr Cys Gly Thr 20 25 30 Gly Gly Cys Ala Gly Gly Gly Gly Thr Thr Ala Thr Thr Cys Gly Gly 35 40 45 Cys Gly Gly Cys Thr Gly Gly Ala Cys Gly Ala Gly Ala Cys Ala Gly 50 55 60 Thr Gly Gly Thr Gly Ala Ala Cys Cys Gly Cys Ala Thr Cys Gly Cys 65 70 75 80 Gly Gly Cys Gly Gly Gly Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Thr Thr Ala Thr Cys 85 90 95 Cys Ala Gly Cys Gly Gly Cys Cys Ala Gly Cys Thr Ala Ala Thr Gly 100 105 110 Cys Thr Ala Thr Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Ala Thr 115 120 125 Thr Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Cys Thr Gly Thr Thr Thr Ala Gly Ala Thr 130 135 140 Gly Cys Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Cys Cys Ala Cys Ala Ala Gly Thr Ala 145 150 155 160 Thr Thr Cys Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Ala Thr Thr Gly Thr Thr Ala Ala 165 170 175 Ala Gly Ala Gly Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Cys Cys Thr Gly Ala Ala Gly 180 185 190 Thr Thr Gly Ala Thr Thr Cys Ala Gly Ala Thr Cys Cys Ala Ala Gly 195 200 205 Ala Cys Ala Ala Thr Gly Gly Cys Ala Cys Cys Gly Gly Gly Ala Thr 210 215 220 Cys Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr Cys Thr Gly 225 230 235 240 Gly Ala Thr Ala Thr Thr Gly Thr Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly Ala Ala Ala 245 250 255 Gly Gly Thr Thr Cys Ala Cys Thr Ala Cys Thr Ala Gly Thr Ala Ala 260 265 270 Ala Cys Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Thr Cys Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Ala Gly 275 280 285 Gly Ala Thr Thr Thr Ala Gly Cys Cys Ala Gly Thr Ala Thr Thr Thr 290 295 300 Cys Thr Ala Cys Cys Thr Ala Thr Gly Gly Cys Thr Thr Thr Cys Gly 305 310 315 320 Ala Gly Gly Thr Gly Ala Gly Gly Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Gly Cys Cys 325 330 335 Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Ala Ala Gly Cys Cys Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly Gly 340 345 350 Cys Thr Cys Ala Thr Gly Thr Thr Ala Cys Thr Ala Thr Thr Ala Cys 355 360 365 Ala Ala Cys Gly Ala Ala Ala Ala Cys Ala Gly Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr 370 375 380 Gly Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Gly Cys Ala Thr Ala Cys Ala 385 390 395 400 Gly Ala Gly Cys Ala Ala Gly Thr Thr Ala Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Ala 405 410 415 Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Ala Ala Cys Thr Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Cys Cys 420 425 430 Cys Cys Thr Cys Cys Thr Ala Ala Ala Cys Cys Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly 435 440 445 Cys Thr Gly Gly Cys Ala Ala Thr Cys Ala Ala Gly Gly Gly Ala Cys 450 455 460 Cys Cys Ala Gly Ala Thr Cys Ala Cys Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Ala Gly 465 470 475 480 Gly Ala Cys Cys Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Ala Cys Ala Ala Cys Ala 485 490 495 Thr Ala Gly Cys Cys Ala Cys Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala 500 505 510 Ala Gly Cys Thr Thr Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Cys Cys Ala 515 520 525 Ala Gly Thr Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Ala Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala 530 535 540 Ala Ala Ala Thr Thr Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Thr Thr Gly Thr 545 550 555 560 Thr Gly Gly Cys Ala Gly Gly Thr Ala Thr Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Ala 565 570 575 Cys Ala Cys Ala Ala Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Gly Cys Ala Thr Thr Ala 580 585 590 Gly Thr Thr Thr Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala 595 600 605 Ala Cys Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Cys Ala Gly Thr Ala 610 615 620 Gly Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr Thr Ala Gly Gly Ala Cys Ala Cys 625 630 635 640 Thr Ala Cys Cys Cys Ala Ala Thr Gly Cys Cys Thr Cys Ala Ala Cys 645 650 655 Cys Gly Thr Gly Gly Ala Cys Ala Ala Thr Ala Thr Thr Cys Gly Cys 660 665 670 Thr Cys Cys Ala Thr Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Gly 675 680 685 Cys Thr Gly Thr Thr Ala Gly Thr Cys Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Cys Thr 690 695 700 Gly Ala Thr Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr 705 710 715 720 Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala Cys Cys Cys Thr Ala Gly 725 730 735 Cys Cys Thr Thr Cys Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Gly Ala Ala Thr Gly Gly 740 745 750 Thr Thr Ala Cys Ala Thr Ala Thr Cys Cys Ala Ala Thr Gly Cys Ala 755 760 765 Ala Ala Cys Thr Ala Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala 770 775 780 Ala Gly Thr Gly Cys Ala Thr Cys Thr Thr Cys Thr Thr Ala Cys Thr 785 790 795 800 Cys Thr Thr Cys Ala Thr Cys Ala Ala Cys Cys Ala Thr Cys Gly Thr 805 810 815 Cys Thr Gly Gly Thr Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Cys Ala Ala Cys Thr Thr 820 825 830 Cys Cys Thr Thr Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Ala Gly Cys Cys Ala Thr 835 840 845 Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Cys Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Ala Thr Gly Cys Ala 850 855 860 Gly Cys Cys Thr Ala Thr Thr Thr Gly Cys Cys Cys Ala Ala Ala Ala 865 870 875 880 Ala Cys Ala Cys Ala Cys Ala Cys Cys Cys Ala Thr Thr Cys Cys Thr 885 890 895 Gly Thr Ala Cys Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Thr Thr Ala Gly Ala Ala 900 905 910 Ala Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Cys Cys Cys Cys Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Gly 915 920 925 Thr Gly Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr Thr Ala Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly Cys Ala 930 935 940 Cys Cys Cys Cys Ala Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Gly Ala Ala 945 950 955 960 Gly Thr Thr Cys Ala Cys Thr Thr Cys Cys Thr Gly Cys Ala Cys Gly 965 970 975 Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Cys Cys Thr Gly Gly Ala 980 985 990 Gly Cys Gly Gly Gly Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Cys Ala Gly Cys Ala Cys 995 1000 1005 Ala Thr Cys Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Cys Ala Ala Gly Cys Thr Cys 1010 1015 1020 Cys Thr Gly Gly Gly Cys Thr Cys Cys Ala Ala Thr Thr Cys Cys 1025 1030 1035 Thr Cys Cys Ala Gly Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr Ala Cys Thr Thr Cys 1040 1045 1050 Ala Cys Cys Cys Ala Gly Ala Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Cys Thr Ala 1055 1060 1065 Cys Cys Ala Gly Gly Ala Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Thr Gly Gly Cys 1070 1075 1080 Cys Cys Cys Thr Cys Thr Gly Gly Gly Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly 1085 1090 1095 Gly Thr Thr Ala Ala Ala Thr Cys Cys Ala Cys Ala Ala Cys Ala 1100 1105 1110 Ala Gly Thr Cys Thr Gly Ala Cys Cys Thr Cys Gly Thr Cys Thr 1115 1120 1125 Thr Cys Thr Ala Cys Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Thr 1130 1135 1140 Ala Gly Thr Gly Ala Thr Ala Ala Gly Gly Thr Cys Thr Ala Thr 1145 1150 1155 Gly Cys Cys Cys Ala Cys Cys Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Gly Thr Thr 1160 1165 1170 Cys Gly Thr Ala Cys Ala Gly Ala Thr Thr Cys Cys Cys Gly Gly 1175 1180 1185 Gly Ala Ala Cys Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Ala Thr 1190 1195 1200 Gly Cys Ala Thr Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Cys Cys Thr 1205 1210 1215 Cys Thr Gly Ala Gly Cys Ala Ala Ala Cys Cys Cys Cys Thr Gly 1220 1225 1230 Thr Cys Cys Ala Gly Thr Cys Ala Gly Cys Cys Cys Cys Ala Gly 1235 1240 1245 Gly Cys Cys Ala Thr Thr Gly Thr Cys Ala Cys Ala Gly Ala Gly 1250 1255 1260 Gly Ala Thr Ala Ala Gly Ala Cys Ala Gly Ala Thr Ala Thr Thr 1265 1270 1275 Thr Cys Thr Ala Gly Thr Gly Gly Cys Ala Gly Gly Gly Cys Thr 1280 1285 1290 Ala Gly Gly Cys Ala Gly Cys Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Ala Gly 1295 1300 1305 Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Ala Ala Cys Thr Cys 1310 1315 1320 Cys Cys Ala Gly Cys Cys Cys Cys Thr Gly Cys Thr Gly Ala Ala 1325 1330 1335 Gly Thr Gly Gly Cys Thr Gly Cys Cys Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr 1340 1345 1350 Cys Ala Gly Ala Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Gly Gly 1355 1360 1365 Gly Ala Thr Ala Cys Ala Ala Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Gly Gly Gly 1370 1375 1380 Ala Cys Thr Thr Cys Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Gly Thr Cys Ala 1385 1390 1395 Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Cys Cys Thr 1400 1405 1410 Ala Cys Thr Thr Cys Cys Ala Gly Cys Ala Ala Cys Cys Cys Cys 1415 1420 1425 Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Cys Ala Thr Cys Gly Gly 1430 1435 1440 Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly 1445 1450 1455 Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr 1460 1465 1470 Gly Ala Thr Thr Cys Cys Cys Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala 1475 1480 1485 Ala Thr Gly Ala Cys Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Thr 1490 1495 1500 Ala Cys Cys Cys Cys Cys Cys Gly Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Gly 1505 1510 1515 Ala Thr Cys Ala Thr Thr Ala Ala Cys Cys Thr Cys Ala Cys Thr 1520 1525 1530 Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Thr Thr Thr Gly Ala Gly Thr Cys Thr Cys 1535 1540 1545 Cys Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Thr Ala Ala Thr 1550 1555 1560 Gly Ala Gly Cys Ala Gly Gly Gly Ala Cys Ala Thr Gly Ala Gly 1565 1570 1575 Gly Thr Thr Cys Thr Cys Cys Gly Gly Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly 1580 1585 1590 Thr Thr Gly Cys Ala Thr Ala Ala Cys Cys Ala Cys Thr Cys Cys 1595 1600 1605 Thr Thr Cys Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Cys Thr Gly Thr Gly Thr Gly 1610 1615 1620 Ala Ala Thr Cys Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Cys Cys 1625 1630 1635 Thr Thr Gly Gly Cys Ala Cys Ala Gly Cys Ala Thr Cys Ala Ala 1640 1645 1650 Ala Cys Cys Ala Ala Gly Thr Thr Ala Thr Ala Cys Cys Thr Thr 1655 1660 1665 Cys Thr Cys Ala Ala Cys Ala Cys Cys Ala Cys Cys Ala Ala Gly 1670 1675 1680 Cys Thr Thr Ala Gly Thr Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Cys Thr Gly 1685 1690 1695 Thr Thr Cys Thr Ala Cys Cys Ala Gly Ala Thr Ala Cys Thr Cys 1700 1705 1710 Ala Thr Thr Thr Ala Thr Gly Ala Thr Thr Thr Thr Gly Cys Cys 1715 1720 1725 Ala Ala Thr Thr Thr Thr Gly Gly Thr Gly Thr Thr Cys Thr Cys 1730 1735 1740 Ala Gly Gly Thr Thr Ala Thr Cys Gly Gly Ala Gly Cys Cys Ala 1745 1750 1755 Gly Cys Ala Cys Cys Gly Cys Thr Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Ala Cys 1760 1765 1770 Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Cys Ala Thr Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Cys 1775 1780 1785 Thr Thr Ala Gly Ala Thr Ala Gly Thr Cys Cys Ala Gly Ala Gly 1790 1795 1800 Ala Gly Thr Gly Gly Cys Thr Gly Gly Ala Cys Ala Gly Ala Gly 1805 1810 1815 Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Gly Thr Cys Cys Cys Ala Ala Ala 1820 1825 1830 Gly Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Thr Gly Ala Ala 1835 1840 1845 Thr Ala Cys Ala Thr Thr Gly Thr Thr Gly Ala Gly Thr Thr Thr 1850 1855 1860 Cys Thr Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Gly Cys Thr 1865 1870 1875 Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Ala Cys 1880 1885 1890 Thr Ala Thr Thr Thr Cys Thr Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala 1895 1900 1905 Ala Thr Thr Gly Ala Thr Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Gly Gly 1910 1915 1920 Ala Ala Cys Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Thr Thr Ala 1925 1930 1935 Cys Cys Cys Cys Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr Thr Gly Ala Cys 1940 1945 1950 Ala Ala Cys Thr Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly Cys Cys Cys Cys Cys Thr 1955 1960 1965 Thr Thr Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Gly Ala Cys Thr Gly Cys Cys Thr 1970 1975 1980 Ala Thr Cys Thr Thr Cys Ala Thr Thr Cys Thr Thr Cys Gly Ala 1985 1990 1995 Cys Thr Ala Gly Cys Cys Ala Cys Thr Gly Ala Gly Gly Thr Gly 2000 2005 2010 Ala Ala Thr Thr Gly Gly Gly Ala Cys Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala 2015 2020 2025 Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala Thr Gly Thr Thr Thr Thr Gly Ala Ala 2030 2035 2040 Ala Gly Cys Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Thr Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala 2045 2050 2055 Thr Gly Cys Gly Cys Thr Ala Thr Gly Thr Thr Cys Thr Ala Thr 2060 2065 2070 Thr Cys Cys Ala Thr Cys Cys Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Cys Ala Gly 2075 2080 2085 Thr Ala Cys Ala Thr Ala Thr Cys Thr Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly 2090 2095 2100 Thr Cys Gly Ala Cys Cys Cys Thr Cys Thr Cys Ala Gly Gly Cys 2105 2110 2115 Cys Ala Gly Cys Ala Gly Ala Gly Thr Gly Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly 2120 2125 2130 Cys Cys Thr Gly Gly Cys Thr Cys Cys Ala Thr Thr Cys Cys Ala 2135 2140 2145 Ala Ala Cys Thr Cys Cys Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Gly 2150 2155 2160 Ala Cys Thr Gly Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Cys Ala Cys Ala Thr Thr 2165 2170 2175 Gly Thr Cys Thr Ala Thr Ala Ala Ala Gly Cys Cys Thr Thr Gly 2180 2185 2190 Cys Gly Cys Thr Cys Ala Cys Ala Cys Ala Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly 2195 2200 2205 Cys Cys Thr Cys Cys Thr Ala Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr Thr Thr Cys 2210 2215 2220 Ala Cys Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr 2225 2230 2235 Ala Thr Cys Cys Thr Gly Cys Ala Gly Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Thr 2240 2245 2250 Ala Ala Cys Cys Thr Gly Cys Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr Cys Thr Ala 2255 2260 2265 Thr Ala Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Thr Cys Thr Thr Thr Gly Ala Gly 2270 2275 2280 Ala Gly Gly Thr Gly Thr Thr Ala Ala Ala Thr Ala Thr Gly Gly 2285 2290 2295 Thr Thr Ala Thr Thr Thr Ala Thr Gly Cys Ala Cys Thr Gly Thr 2300 2305 2310 Gly Gly Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly Thr Thr Cys Thr Thr Cys Thr 2315 2320 2325 Thr Thr Cys Thr Cys Thr Gly Thr Ala Thr Thr Cys Cys Gly Ala 2330 2335 2340 Thr Ala Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Thr Gly Thr Ala Thr 2345 2350 2355 Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Gly Ala Thr Ala Thr Ala Cys 2360 2365 2370 Ala Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Ala Cys Cys Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr 2375 2380 2385 Ala Ala Gly Thr Gly Thr Thr Gly Gly Thr Ala Gly Cys Ala Cys 2390 2395 2400 Thr Thr Ala Ala Gly Ala Cys Thr Thr Ala Thr Ala Cys Thr Thr 2405 2410 2415 Gly Cys Cys Thr Thr Cys Thr Gly Ala Thr Ala Gly Thr Ala Thr 2420 2425 2430 Thr Cys Cys Thr Thr Thr Ala Thr Ala Cys Ala Cys Ala Gly Thr 2435 2440 2445 Gly Gly Ala Thr Thr Gly Ala Thr Thr Ala Thr Ala Ala Ala Thr 2450 2455 2460 Ala Ala Ala Thr Ala Gly Ala Thr Gly Thr Gly Thr Cys Thr Thr 2465 2470 2475 Ala Ala Cys Ala Thr Ala 2480 13 4895 DNA Homo sapiens 13 gtcggcgtcc gaggcggttg gtgtcggaga atttgttaag cgggactcca ggcaattatt 60 tccagtcaga gaaggaaacc agtgcctggc attctcacca tctttctacc taccatgatc 120 aagtgcttgt cagttgaagt acaagccaaa ttgcgttctg gtttggccat aagctccttg 180 ggccaatgtg ttgaggaact tgccctcaac agtattgatg ctgaagcaaa atgtgtggct 240 gtcagggtga atatggaaac cttccaagtt caagtgatag acaatggatt tgggatgggg 300 agtgatgatg tagagaaagt gggaaatcgt tatttcacca gtaaatgcca ctcggtacag 360 gacttggaga atccaaggtt ttatggtttc cgaggagagg ccttggcaaa tattgctgac 420 atggccagtg ctgtggaaat ttcgtccaag aaaaacagga caatgaaaac ttttgtgaaa 480 ctgtttcaga gtggaaaagc cctgaaagct tgtgaagctg atgtgactag agcaagcgct 540 gggactactg taacagtgta taacctattt taccagcttc ctgtaaggag gaaatgcatg 600 gaccctagac tggagtttga gaaggttagg cagagaatag aagctctctc actcatgcac 660 ccttccattt ctttctcttt gagaaatgat gtttctggtt ccatggttct tcagctccct 720 aaaaccaaag acgtatgttc ccgattttgt caaatttatg gattgggaaa gtcccaaaag 780 ctaagagaaa taagttttaa atataaagag tttgagctta gtggctatat cagctctgaa 840 gcacattaca acaagaatat gcagtttttg tttgtgaaca aaagactagt tttaaggaca 900 aagctacata aactcattga ctttttatta aggaaagaaa gtattatatg caagccaaag 960 aatggtccca ccagtaggca aatgaattca agtcttcggc accggtctac cccagaactc 1020 tatggcatat atgtaattaa tgtgcagtgc caattctgtg agtatgatgt gtgcatggag 1080 ccagccaaaa ctctgattga atttcagaac tgggacactc tcttgttttg cattcaggaa 1140 ggagtgaaaa tgtttttaaa gcaagaaaaa ttatttgtgg aattatcagg tgaggatatt 1200 aaggaattta gtgaagataa tggttttagt ttatttgatg ctactcttca gaagcgtgtg 1260 acttccgatg agaggagcaa tttccaggaa gcatgtaata atattttaga ttcctatgag 1320 atgtttaatt tgcagtcaaa agctgtgaaa agaaaaacta ctgcagaaaa cgtaaacaca 1380 cagagttcta gggattcaga agctaccaga aaaaatacaa atgatgcatt tttgtacatt 1440 tatgaatcag gtggtccagg ccatagcaaa atgacagagc catctttaca aaacaaagac 1500 agctcttgct cagaatcaaa gatgttagaa caagagacaa ttgtagcatc agaagctggt 1560 gaaaatgaga aacataaaaa atctttcctg gaacgtagct ctttagaaaa tccgtgtgga 1620 accagtttag aaatgttttt aagccctttt cagacaccat gtcactttga ggagagtggg 1680 caggatctag aaatatggaa agaaagtact actgttaatg gcatggctgc caacatcttg 1740 aaaaataata gaattcagaa tcaaccaaag agatttaaag atgctactga agtgggatgc 1800 cagcctctgc cttttgcaac aacattatgg ggagtacata gtgctcagac agagaaagag 1860 aaaaaaaaag aatctagcaa ttgtggaaga agaaatgttt ttagttatgg gcgagttaaa 1920 ttatgttcca ctggctttat aactcatgta gtacaaaatg aaaaaactaa atcaactgaa 1980 acagaacatt catttaaaaa ttatgttaga cctggtccca cacgtgccca agaaacattt 2040 ggaaatagaa cacgtcattc agttgaaact ccagacatca aagatttagc cagcacttta 2100 agtaaagaat ctggtcaatt gcccaacaaa aaaaattgca gaacgaatat aagttatggg 2160 ctagagaatg aacctacagc aacttataca atgttttctg cttttcagga aggtagcaaa 2220 aaatcacaaa cagattgcat attatctgat acatccccct ctttcccctg gtatagacac 2280 gtttccaatg atagtaggaa aacagataaa ttaattggtt tctccaaacc aatcgtccgt 2340 aagaagctaa gcttgagttc acagctagga tctttagaga agtttaagag gcaatatggg 2400 aaggttgaaa atcctctgga tacagaagta gaggaaagta atggagtcac taccaatctc 2460 agtcttcaag ttgaacctga cattctgctg aaggacaaga accgcttaga gaactctgat 2520 gtttgtaaaa tcactactat ggagcatagt gattcagata gtagttgtca accagcaagc 2580 cacatccttg actcagagaa gtttccattc tccaaggatg aagattgttt agaacaacag 2640 atgcctagtt tgagagaaag tcctatgacc ctgaaggagt tatctctctt taatagaaaa 2700 cctttggacc ttgagaagtc atctgaatca ctagcctcta aattatccag actgaagggt 2760 tccgaaagag aaactcaaac aatggggatg atgagtcgtt ttaatgaact tccaaattca 2820 gattccagta ggaaagacag caagttgtgc agtgtgttaa cacaagattt ttgtatgtta 2880 tttaacaaca agcatgaaaa aacagagaat ggtgtcatcc caacatcaga ttctgccaca 2940 caggataatt cctttaataa aaatagtaaa acacattcta acagcaatac aacagagaac 3000 tgtgtgatat cagaaactcc tttggtattg ccctataata attctaaagt taccggtaaa 3060 gattcagatg ttcttatcag agcctcagaa caacagatag gaagtcttga ctctcccagt 3120 ggaatgttaa tgaatccggt agaagatgcc acaggtgacc aaaatggaat ttgttttcag 3180 agtgaggaat ctaaagcaag agcttgttct gaaactgaag agtcaaacac gtgttgttca 3240 gattggcagc ggcatttcga tgtagccctg ggaagaatgg tttatgtcaa caaaatgact 3300 ggactcagca cattcattgc cccaactgag gacattcagg ctgcttgtac taaagacctg 3360 acaactgtgg ctgtggatgt tgtacttgag aatgggtctc agtacaggtg tcaacctttt 3420 agaagcgacc ttgttcttcc tttccttccg agagctcgag cagagaggac tgtgatgaga 3480 caggataaca gagatactgt ggatgatact gttagtagcg aatcgcttca gtctttgttc 3540 tcagaatggg acaatccagt atttgcccgt tatccagagg ttgctgttga tgtaagcagt 3600 ggccaggctg agagcttagc agttaaaatt cacaacatct tgtatcccta tcgtttcacc 3660 aaaggaatga ttcattcaat gcaggttctc cagcaagtag ataacaagtt tattgcctgt 3720 ttgatgagca ctaagactga agagaatggc gaggcagatt cctacgagaa gcaacaggca 3780 caaggctctg gtcggaaaaa attactgtct tctactctaa ttcctccgct agagataaca 3840 gtgacagagg aacaaaggag actcttatgg tgttaccaca aaaatctgga agatctgggc 3900 cttgaatttg tatttccaga cactagtgat tctctggtcc ttgtgggaaa agtaccacta 3960 tgttttgtgg aaagagaagc caatgaactt cggagaggaa gatctactgt gaccaagagt 4020 attgtggagg aatttatccg agaacaactg gagctactcc agaccaccgg aggcatccaa 4080 gggacattgc cactgactgt ccagaaggtg ttggcatccc aagcctgcca tggggccatt 4140 aagtttaatg atggcctgag cttacaggaa agttgccgcc ttattgaagc tctgtcctca 4200 tgccagctgc cattccagtg tgctcacggg agaccttcta tgctgccgtt agctgacata 4260 gaccacttgg aacaggaaaa acagattaaa cccaacctca ctaaacttcg caaaatggcc 4320 caggcctggc gtctctttgg aaaagcagag tgtgatacaa ggcagagcct gcagcagtcc 4380 atgcctccct gtgagccacc atgagaacag aatcactggt ctaaaaggaa caaagggatg 4440 ttcactgtat gcctctgagc agagagcagc agcagcaggt accagcacgg ccctgactga 4500 atcagcccag tgtccctgag cagcttagac agcagggctc tctgtatcag tctttcttga 4560 gcagatgatt cccctagttg agtagccaga tgaaattcaa gcctaaagac aattcattca 4620 tttgcatcca tgggcacaga aggttgctat atagtatcta ccttttgcta cttatttaat 4680 gataaaattt aatgacagtt taaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa attatttgaa ggggtgggtg 4740 atttttgttt ttgtacagtt ttttttcaag cttcacattt gcgtgtatct aattcagctg 4800 atgctcaagt ccaaggggta gtctgccttc ccaggctgcc cccagggttt ctgcactggt 4860 cccctctttt cccttcagtc ttcttcactt ccctt 4895 14 1429 PRT Homo sapiens 14 Met Ile Lys Cys Leu Ser Val Glu Val Gln Ala Lys Leu Arg Ser Gly 1 5 10 15 Leu Ala Ile Ser Ser Leu Gly Gln Cys Val Glu Glu Leu Ala Leu Asn 20 25 30 Ser Ile Asp Ala Glu Ala Lys Cys Val Ala Val Arg Val Asn Met Glu 35 40 45 Thr Phe Gln Val Gln Val Ile Asp Asn Gly Phe Gly Met Gly Ser Asp 50 55 60 Asp Val Glu Lys Val Gly Asn Arg Tyr Phe Thr Ser Lys Cys His Ser 65 70 75 80 Val Gln Asp Leu Glu Asn Pro Arg Phe Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 85 90 95 Leu Ala Asn Ile Ala Asp Met Ala Ser Ala Val Glu Ile Ser Ser Lys 100 105 110 Lys Asn Arg Thr Met Lys Thr Phe Val Lys Leu Phe Gln Ser Gly Lys 115 120 125 Ala Leu Lys Ala Cys Glu Ala Asp Val Thr Arg Ala Ser Ala Gly Thr 130 135 140 Thr Val Thr Val Tyr Asn Leu Phe Tyr Gln Leu Pro Val Arg Arg Lys 145 150 155 160 Cys Met Asp Pro Arg Leu Glu Phe Glu Lys Val Arg Gln Arg Ile Glu 165 170 175 Ala Leu Ser Leu Met His Pro Ser Ile Ser Phe Ser Leu Arg Asn Asp 180 185 190 Val Ser Gly Ser Met Val Leu Gln Leu Pro Lys Thr Lys Asp Val Cys 195 200 205 Ser Arg Phe Cys Gln Ile Tyr Gly Leu Gly Lys Ser Gln Lys Leu Arg 210 215 220 Glu Ile Ser Phe Lys Tyr Lys Glu Phe Glu Leu Ser Gly Tyr Ile Ser 225 230 235 240 Ser Glu Ala His Tyr Asn Lys Asn Met Gln Phe Leu Phe Val Asn Lys 245 250 255 Arg Leu Val Leu Arg Thr Lys Leu His Lys Leu Ile Asp Phe Leu Leu 260 265 270 Arg Lys Glu Ser Ile Ile Cys Lys Pro Lys Asn Gly Pro Thr Ser Arg 275 280 285 Gln Met Asn Ser Ser Leu Arg His Arg Ser Thr Pro Glu Leu Tyr Gly 290 295 300 Ile Tyr Val Ile Asn Val Gln Cys Gln Phe Cys Glu Tyr Asp Val Cys 305 310 315 320 Met Glu Pro Ala Lys Thr Leu Ile Glu Phe Gln Asn Trp Asp Thr Leu 325 330 335 Leu Phe Cys Ile Gln Glu Gly Val Lys Met Phe Leu Lys Gln Glu Lys 340 345 350 Leu Phe Val Glu Leu Ser Gly Glu Asp Ile Lys Glu Phe Ser Glu Asp 355 360 365 Asn Gly Phe Ser Leu Phe Asp Ala Thr Leu Gln Lys Arg Val Thr Ser 370 375 380 Asp Glu Arg Ser Asn Phe Gln Glu Ala Cys Asn Asn Ile Leu Asp Ser 385 390 395 400 Tyr Glu Met Phe Asn Leu Gln Ser Lys Ala Val Lys Arg Lys Thr Thr 405 410 415 Ala Glu Asn Val Asn Thr Gln Ser Ser Arg Asp Ser Glu Ala Thr Arg 420 425 430 Lys Asn Thr Asn Asp Ala Phe Leu Tyr Ile Tyr Glu Ser Gly Gly Pro 435 440 445 Gly His Ser Lys Met Thr Glu Pro Ser Leu Gln Asn Lys Asp Ser Ser 450 455 460 Cys Ser Glu Ser Lys Met Leu Glu Gln Glu Thr Ile Val Ala Ser Glu 465 470 475 480 Ala Gly Glu Asn Glu Lys His Lys Lys Ser Phe Leu Glu Arg Ser Ser 485 490 495 Leu Glu Asn Pro Cys Gly Thr Ser Leu Glu Met Phe Leu Ser Pro Phe 500 505 510 Gln Thr Pro Cys His Phe Glu Glu Ser Gly Gln Asp Leu Glu Ile Trp 515 520 525 Lys Glu Ser Thr Thr Val Asn Gly Met Ala Ala Asn Ile Leu Lys Asn 530 535 540 Asn Arg Ile Gln Asn Gln Pro Lys Arg Phe Lys Asp Ala Thr Glu Val 545 550 555 560 Gly Cys Gln Pro Leu Pro Phe Ala Thr Thr Leu Trp Gly Val His Ser 565 570 575 Ala Gln Thr Glu Lys Glu Lys Lys Lys Glu Ser Ser Asn Cys Gly Arg 580 585 590 Arg Asn Val Phe Ser Tyr Gly Arg Val Lys Leu Cys Ser Thr Gly Phe 595 600 605 Ile Thr His Val Val Gln Asn Glu Lys Thr Lys Ser Thr Glu Thr Glu 610 615 620 His Ser Phe Lys Asn Tyr Val Arg Pro Gly Pro Thr Arg Ala Gln Glu 625 630 635 640 Thr Phe Gly Asn Arg Thr Arg His Ser Val Glu Thr Pro Asp Ile Lys 645 650 655 Asp Leu Ala Ser Thr Leu Ser Lys Glu Ser Gly Gln Leu Pro Asn Lys 660 665 670 Lys Asn Cys Arg Thr Asn Ile Ser Tyr Gly Leu Glu Asn Glu Pro Thr 675 680 685 Ala Thr Tyr Thr Met Phe Ser Ala Phe Gln Glu Gly Ser Lys Lys Ser 690 695 700 Gln Thr Asp Cys Ile Leu Ser Asp Thr Ser Pro Ser Phe Pro Trp Tyr 705 710 715 720 Arg His Val Ser Asn Asp Ser Arg Lys Thr Asp Lys Leu Ile Gly Phe 725 730 735 Ser Lys Pro Ile Val Arg Lys Lys Leu Ser Leu Ser Ser Gln Leu Gly 740 745 750 Ser Leu Glu Lys Phe Lys Arg Gln Tyr Gly Lys Val Glu Asn Pro Leu 755 760 765 Asp Thr Glu Val Glu Glu Ser Asn Gly Val Thr Thr Asn Leu Ser Leu 770 775 780 Gln Val Glu Pro Asp Ile Leu Leu Lys Asp Lys Asn Arg Leu Glu Asn 785 790 795 800 Ser Asp Val Cys Lys Ile Thr Thr Met Glu His Ser Asp Ser Asp Ser 805 810 815 Ser Cys Gln Pro Ala Ser His Ile Leu Asp Ser Glu Lys Phe Pro Phe 820 825 830 Ser Lys Asp Glu Asp Cys Leu Glu Gln Gln Met Pro Ser Leu Arg Glu 835 840 845 Ser Pro Met Thr Leu Lys Glu Leu Ser Leu Phe Asn Arg Lys Pro Leu 850 855 860 Asp Leu Glu Lys Ser Ser Glu Ser Leu Ala Ser Lys Leu Ser Arg Leu 865 870 875 880 Lys Gly Ser Glu Arg Glu Thr Gln Thr Met Gly Met Met Ser Arg Phe 885 890 895 Asn Glu Leu Pro Asn Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg Lys Asp Ser Lys Leu Cys 900 905 910 Ser Val Leu Thr Gln Asp Phe Cys Met Leu Phe Asn Asn Lys His Glu 915 920 925 Lys Thr Glu Asn Gly Val Ile Pro Thr Ser Asp Ser Ala Thr Gln Asp 930 935 940 Asn Ser Phe Asn Lys Asn Ser Lys Thr His Ser Asn Ser Asn Thr Thr 945 950 955 960 Glu Asn Cys Val Ile Ser Glu Thr Pro Leu Val Leu Pro Tyr Asn Asn 965 970 975 Ser Lys Val Thr Gly Lys Asp Ser Asp Val Leu Ile Arg Ala Ser Glu 980 985 990 Gln Gln Ile Gly Ser Leu Asp Ser Pro Ser Gly Met Leu Met Asn Pro 995 1000 1005 Val Glu Asp Ala Thr Gly Asp Gln Asn Gly Ile Cys Phe Gln Ser 1010 1015 1020 Glu Glu Ser Lys Ala Arg Ala Cys Ser Glu Thr Glu Glu Ser Asn 1025 1030 1035 Thr Cys Cys Ser Asp Trp Gln Arg His Phe Asp Val Ala Leu Gly 1040 1045 1050 Arg Met Val Tyr Val Asn Lys Met Thr Gly Leu Ser Thr Phe Ile 1055 1060 1065 Ala Pro Thr Glu Asp Ile Gln Ala Ala Cys Thr Lys Asp Leu Thr 1070 1075 1080 Thr Val Ala Val Asp Val Val Leu Glu Asn Gly Ser Gln Tyr Arg 1085 1090 1095 Cys Gln Pro Phe Arg Ser Asp Leu Val Leu Pro Phe Leu Pro Arg 1100 1105 1110 Ala Arg Ala Glu Arg Thr Val Met Arg Gln Asp Asn Arg Asp Thr 1115 1120 1125 Val Asp Asp Thr Val Ser Ser Glu Ser Leu Gln Ser Leu Phe Ser 1130 1135 1140 Glu Trp Asp Asn Pro Val Phe Ala Arg Tyr Pro Glu Val Ala Val 1145 1150 1155 Asp Val Ser Ser Gly Gln Ala Glu Ser Leu Ala Val Lys Ile His 1160 1165 1170 Asn Ile Leu Tyr Pro Tyr Arg Phe Thr Lys Gly Met Ile His Ser 1175 1180 1185 Met Gln Val Leu Gln Gln Val Asp Asn Lys Phe Ile Ala Cys Leu 1190 1195 1200 Met Ser Thr Lys Thr Glu Glu Asn Gly Glu Ala Asp Ser Tyr Glu 1205 1210 1215 Lys Gln Gln Ala Gln Gly Ser Gly Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu Ser Ser 1220 1225 1230 Thr Leu Ile Pro Pro Leu Glu Ile Thr Val Thr Glu Glu Gln Arg 1235 1240 1245 Arg Leu Leu Trp Cys Tyr His Lys Asn Leu Glu Asp Leu Gly Leu 1250 1255 1260 Glu Phe Val Phe Pro Asp Thr Ser Asp Ser Leu Val Leu Val Gly 1265 1270 1275 Lys Val Pro Leu Cys Phe Val Glu Arg Glu Ala Asn Glu Leu Arg 1280 1285 1290 Arg Gly Arg Ser Thr Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Val Glu Glu Phe Ile 1295 1300 1305 Arg Glu Gln Leu Glu Leu Leu Gln Thr Thr Gly Gly Ile Gln Gly 1310 1315 1320 Thr Leu Pro Leu Thr Val Gln Lys Val Leu Ala Ser Gln Ala Cys 1325 1330 1335 His Gly Ala Ile Lys Phe Asn Asp Gly Leu Ser Leu Gln Glu Ser 1340 1345 1350 Cys Arg Leu Ile Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Cys Gln Leu Pro Phe Gln 1355 1360 1365 Cys Ala His Gly Arg Pro Ser Met Leu Pro Leu Ala Asp Ile Asp 1370 1375 1380 His Leu Glu Gln Glu Lys Gln Ile Lys Pro Asn Leu Thr Lys Leu 1385 1390 1395 Arg Lys Met Ala Gln Ala Trp Arg Leu Phe Gly Lys Ala Glu Cys 1400 1405 1410 Asp Thr Arg Gln Ser Leu Gln Gln Ser Met Pro Pro Cys Glu Pro 1415 1420 1425 Pro 15 3145 DNA Homo sapiens 15 ggcgggaaac agcttagtgg gtgtggggtc gcgcattttc ttcaaccagg aggtgaggag 60 gtttcgacat ggcggtgcag ccgaaggaga cgctgcagtt ggagagcgcg gccgaggtcg 120 gcttcgtgcg cttctttcag ggcatgccgg agaagccgac caccacagtg cgccttttcg 180 accggggcga cttctatacg gcgcacggcg aggacgcgct gctggccgcc cgggaggtgt 240 tcaagaccca gggggtgatc aagtacatgg ggccggcagg agcaaagaat ctgcagagtg 300 ttgtgcttag taaaatgaat tttgaatctt ttgtaaaaga tcttcttctg gttcgtcagt 360 atagagttga agtttataag aatagagctg gaaataaggc atccaaggag aatgattggt 420 atttggcata taaggcttct cctggcaatc tctctcagtt tgaagacatt ctctttggta 480 acaatgatat gtcagcttcc attggtgttg tgggtgttaa aatgtccgca gttgatggcc 540 agagacaggt tggagttggg tatgtggatt ccatacagag gaaactagga ctgtgtgaat 600 tccctgataa tgatcagttc tccaatcttg aggctctcct catccagatt ggaccaaagg 660 aatgtgtttt acccggagga gagactgctg gagacatggg gaaactgaga cagataattc 720 aaagaggagg aattctgatc acagaaagaa aaaaagctga cttttccaca aaagacattt 780 atcaggacct caaccggttg ttgaaaggca aaaagggaga gcagatgaat agtgctgtat 840 tgccagaaat ggagaatcag gttgcagttt catcactgtc tgcggtaatc aagtttttag 900 aactcttatc agatgattcc aactttggac agtttgaact gactactttt gacttcagcc 960 agtatatgaa attggatatt gcagcagtca gagcccttaa cctttttcag ggttctgttg 1020 aagataccac tggctctcag tctctggctg ccttgctgaa taagtgtaaa acccctcaag 1080 gacaaagact tgttaaccag tggattaagc agcctctcat ggataagaac agaatagagg 1140 agagattgaa tttagtggaa gcttttgtag aagatgcaga attgaggcag actttacaag 1200 aagatttact tcgtcgattc ccagatctta accgacttgc caagaagttt caaagacaag 1260 cagcaaactt acaagattgt taccgactct atcagggtat aaatcaacta cctaatgtta 1320 tacaggctct ggaaaaacat gaaggaaaac accagaaatt attgttggca gtttttgtga 1380 ctcctcttac tgatcttcgt tctgacttct ccaagtttca ggaaatgata gaaacaactt 1440 tagatatgga tcaggtggaa aaccatgaat tccttgtaaa accttcattt gatcctaatc 1500 tcagtgaatt aagagaaata atgaatgact tggaaaagaa gatgcagtca acattaataa 1560 gtgcagccag agatcttggc ttggaccctg gcaaacagat taaactggat tccagtgcac 1620 agtttggata ttactttcgt gtaacctgta aggaagaaaa agtccttcgt aacaataaaa 1680 actttagtac tgtagatatc cagaagaatg gtgttaaatt taccaacagc aaattgactt 1740 ctttaaatga agagtatacc aaaaataaaa cagaatatga agaagcccag gatgccattg 1800 ttaaagaaat tgtcaatatt tcttcaggct atgtagaacc aatgcagaca ctcaatgatg 1860 tgttagctca gctagatgct gttgtcagct ttgctcacgt gtcaaatgga gcacctgttc 1920 catatgtacg accagccatt ttggagaaag gacaaggaag aattatatta aaagcatcca 1980 ggcatgcttg tgttgaagtt caagatgaaa ttgcatttat tcctaatgac gtatactttg 2040 aaaaagataa acagatgttc cacatcatta ctggccccaa tatgggaggt aaatcaacat 2100 atattcgaca aactggggtg atagtactca tggcccaaat tgggtgtttt gtgccatgtg 2160 agtcagcaga agtgtccatt gtggactgca tcttagcccg agtaggggct ggtgacagtc 2220 aattgaaagg agtctccacg ttcatggctg aaatgttgga aactgcttct atcctcaggt 2280 ctgcaaccaa agattcatta ataatcatag atgaattggg aagaggaact tctacctacg 2340 atggatttgg gttagcatgg gctatatcag aatacattgc aacaaagatt ggtgcttttt 2400 gcatgtttgc aacccatttt catgaactta ctgccttggc caatcagata ccaactgtta 2460 ataatctaca tgtcacagca ctcaccactg aagagacctt aactatgctt tatcaggtga 2520 agaaaggtgt ctgtgatcaa agttttggga ttcatgttgc agagcttgct aatttcccta 2580 agcatgtaat agagtgtgct aaacagaaag ccctggaact tgaggagttt cagtatattg 2640 gagaatcgca aggatatgat atcatggaac cagcagcaaa gaagtgctat ctggaaagag 2700 agcaaggtga aaaaattatt caggagttcc tgtccaaggt gaaacaaatg ccctttactg 2760 aaatgtcaga agaaaacatc acaataaagt taaaacagct aaaagctgaa gtaatagcaa 2820 agaataatag ctttgtaaat gaaatcattt cacgaataaa agttactacg tgaaaaatcc 2880 cagtaatgga atgaaggtaa tattgataag ctattgtctg taatagtttt atattgtttt 2940 atattaaccc tttttccata gtgttaactg tcagtgccca tgggctatca acttaataag 3000 atatttagta atattttact ttgaggacat tttcaaagat ttttattttg aaaaatgaga 3060 gctgtaactg aggactgttt gcaattgaca taggcaataa taagtgatgt gctgaatttt 3120 ataaataaaa tcatgtagtt tgtgg 3145 16 934 PRT Homo sapiens 16 Met Ala Val Gln Pro Lys Glu Thr Leu Gln Leu Glu Ser Ala Ala Glu 1 5 10 15 Val Gly Phe Val Arg Phe Phe Gln Gly Met Pro Glu Lys Pro Thr Thr 20 25 30 Thr Val Arg Leu Phe Asp Arg Gly Asp Phe Tyr Thr Ala His Gly Glu 35 40 45 Asp Ala Leu Leu Ala Ala Arg Glu Val Phe Lys Thr Gln Gly Val Ile 50 55 60 Lys Tyr Met Gly Pro Ala Gly Ala Lys Asn Leu Gln Ser Val Val Leu 65 70 75 80 Ser Lys Met Asn Phe Glu Ser Phe Val Lys Asp Leu Leu Leu Val Arg 85 90 95 Gln Tyr Arg Val Glu Val Tyr Lys Asn Arg Ala Gly Asn Lys Ala Ser 100 105 110 Lys Glu Asn Asp Trp Tyr Leu Ala Tyr Lys Ala Ser Pro Gly Asn Leu 115 120 125 Ser Gln Phe Glu Asp Ile Leu Phe Gly Asn Asn Asp Met Ser Ala Ser 130 135 140 Ile Gly Val Val Gly Val Lys Met Ser Ala Val Asp Gly Gln Arg Gln 145 150 155 160 Val Gly Val Gly Tyr Val Asp Ser Ile Gln Arg Lys Leu Gly Leu Cys 165 170 175 Glu Phe Pro Asp Asn Asp Gln Phe Ser Asn Leu Glu Ala Leu Leu Ile 180 185 190 Gln Ile Gly Pro Lys Glu Cys Val Leu Pro Gly Gly Glu Thr Ala Gly 195 200 205 Asp Met Gly Lys Leu Arg Gln Ile Ile Gln Arg Gly Gly Ile Leu Ile 210 215 220 Thr Glu Arg Lys Lys Ala Asp Phe Ser Thr Lys Asp Ile Tyr Gln Asp 225 230 235 240 Leu Asn Arg Leu Leu Lys Gly Lys Lys Gly Glu Gln Met Asn Ser Ala 245 250 255 Val Leu Pro Glu Met Glu Asn Gln Val Ala Val Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala 260 265 270 Val Ile Lys Phe Leu Glu Leu Leu Ser Asp Asp Ser Asn Phe Gly Gln 275 280 285 Phe Glu Leu Thr Thr Phe Asp Phe Ser Gln Tyr Met Lys Leu Asp Ile 290 295 300 Ala Ala Val Arg Ala Leu Asn Leu Phe Gln Gly Ser Val Glu Asp Thr 305 310 315 320 Thr Gly Ser Gln Ser Leu Ala Ala Leu Leu Asn Lys Cys Lys Thr Pro 325 330 335 Gln Gly Gln Arg Leu Val Asn Gln Trp Ile Lys Gln Pro Leu Met Asp 340 345 350 Lys Asn Arg Ile Glu Glu Arg Leu Asn Leu Val Glu Ala Phe Val Glu 355 360 365 Asp Ala Glu Leu Arg Gln Thr Leu Gln Glu Asp Leu Leu Arg Arg Phe 370 375 380 Pro Asp Leu Asn Arg Leu Ala Lys Lys Phe Gln Arg Gln Ala Ala Asn 385 390 395 400 Leu Gln Asp Cys Tyr Arg Leu Tyr Gln Gly Ile Asn Gln Leu Pro Asn 405 410 415 Val Ile Gln Ala Leu Glu Lys His Glu Gly Lys His Gln Lys Leu Leu 420 425 430 Leu Ala Val Phe Val Thr Pro Leu Thr Asp Leu Arg Ser Asp Phe Ser 435 440 445 Lys Phe Gln Glu Met Ile Glu Thr Thr Leu Asp Met Asp Gln Val Glu 450 455 460 Asn His Glu Phe Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Phe Asp Pro Asn Leu Ser Glu 465 470 475 480 Leu Arg Glu Ile Met Asn Asp Leu Glu Lys Lys Met Gln Ser Thr Leu 485 490 495 Ile Ser Ala Ala Arg Asp Leu Gly Leu Asp Pro Gly Lys Gln Ile Lys 500 505 510 Leu Asp Ser Ser Ala Gln Phe Gly Tyr Tyr Phe Arg Val Thr Cys Lys 515 520 525 Glu Glu Lys Val Leu Arg Asn Asn Lys Asn Phe Ser Thr Val Asp Ile 530 535 540 Gln Lys Asn Gly Val Lys Phe Thr Asn Ser Lys Leu Thr Ser Leu Asn 545 550 555 560 Glu Glu Tyr Thr Lys Asn Lys Thr Glu Tyr Glu Glu Ala Gln Asp Ala 565 570 575 Ile Val Lys Glu Ile Val Asn Ile Ser Ser Gly Tyr Val Glu Pro Met 580 585 590 Gln Thr Leu Asn Asp Val Leu Ala Gln Leu Asp Ala Val Val Ser Phe 595 600 605 Ala His Val Ser Asn Gly Ala Pro Val Pro Tyr Val Arg Pro Ala Ile 610 615 620 Leu Glu Lys Gly Gln Gly Arg Ile Ile Leu Lys Ala Ser Arg His Ala 625 630 635 640 Cys Val Glu Val Gln Asp Glu Ile Ala Phe Ile Pro Asn Asp Val Tyr 645 650 655 Phe Glu Lys Asp Lys Gln Met Phe His Ile Ile Thr Gly Pro Asn Met 660 665 670 Gly Gly Lys Ser Thr Tyr Ile Arg Gln Thr Gly Val Ile Val Leu Met 675 680 685 Ala Gln Ile Gly Cys Phe Val Pro Cys Glu Ser Ala Glu Val Ser Ile 690 695 700 Val Asp Cys Ile Leu Ala Arg Val Gly Ala Gly Asp Ser Gln Leu Lys 705 710 715 720 Gly Val Ser Thr Phe Met Ala Glu Met Leu Glu Thr Ala Ser Ile Leu 725 730 735 Arg Ser Ala Thr Lys Asp Ser Leu Ile Ile Ile Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg 740 745 750 Gly Thr Ser Thr Tyr Asp Gly Phe Gly Leu Ala Trp Ala Ile Ser Glu 755 760 765 Tyr Ile Ala Thr Lys Ile Gly Ala Phe Cys Met Phe Ala Thr His Phe 770 775 780 His Glu Leu Thr Ala Leu Ala Asn Gln Ile Pro Thr Val Asn Asn Leu 785 790 795 800 His Val Thr Ala Leu Thr Thr Glu Glu Thr Leu Thr Met Leu Tyr Gln 805 810 815 Val Lys Lys Gly Val Cys Asp Gln Ser Phe Gly Ile His Val Ala Glu 820 825 830 Leu Ala Asn Phe Pro Lys His Val Ile Glu Cys Ala Lys Gln Lys Ala 835 840 845 Leu Glu Leu Glu Glu Phe Gln Tyr Ile Gly Glu Ser Gln Gly Tyr Asp 850 855 860 Ile Met Glu Pro Ala Ala Lys Lys Cys Tyr Leu Glu Arg Glu Gln Gly 865 870 875 880 Glu Lys Ile Ile Gln Glu Phe Leu Ser Lys Val Lys Gln Met Pro Phe 885 890 895 Thr Glu Met Ser Glu Glu Asn Ile Thr Ile Lys Leu Lys Gln Leu Lys 900 905 910 Ala Glu Val Ile Ala Lys Asn Asn Ser Phe Val Asn Glu Ile Ile Ser 915 920 925 Arg Ile Lys Val Thr Thr 930 17 4374 DNA Homo sapiens 17 gggcacgagc cctgccatgt ctcgccggaa gcctgcgtcg ggcggcctcg ctgcctccag 60 ctcagcccct gcgaggcaag cggttttgag ccgattcttc cagtctacgg gaagcctgaa 120 atccacctcc tcctccacag gtgcagccga ccaggtggac cctggcgctg cagcggccgc 180 agcgccccca gcgcccgcct tcccgcccca gctgccgccg cacgtagcta cagaaattga 240 cagaagaaag aagagaccat tggaaaatga tgggcctgtt aaaaagaaag taaagaaagt 300 ccaacaaaag gaaggaggaa gtgatctggg aatgtctggc aactctgagc caaagaaatg 360 tctgaggacc aggaatgttt caaagtctct ggaaaaattg aaagaattct gctgcgattc 420 tgcccttcct caaagtagag tccagacaga atctctgcag gagagatttg cagttctgcc 480 aaaatgtact gattttgatg atatcagtct tctacacgca aagaatgcag tttcttctga 540 agattcgaaa cgtcaaatta atcaaaagga cacaacactt tttgatctca gtcagtttgg 600 atcatcaaat acaagtcatg aaaatttaca gaaaactgct tccaaatcag ctaacaaacg 660 gtccaaaagc atctatacgc cgctagaatt acaatacata gaaatgaagc agcagcacaa 720 agatgcagtt ttgtgtgtgg aatgtggata taagtataga ttctttgggg aagatgcaga 780 gattgcagcc cgagagctca atatttattg ccatttagat cacaacttta tgacagcaag 840 tatacctact cacagactgt ttgttcatgt acgccgcctg gtggcaaaag gatataaggt 900 gggagttgtg aagcaaactg aaactgcagc attaaaggcc attggagaca acagaagttc 960 actcttttcc cggaaattga ctgcccttta tacaaaatct acacttattg gagaagatgt 1020 gaatccccta atcaagctgg atgatgctgt aaatgttgat gagataatga ctgatacttc 1080 taccagctat cttctgtgca tctctgaaaa taaggaaaat gttagggaca aaaaaaaggg 1140 caacattttt attggcattg tgggagtgca gcctgccaca ggcgaggttg tgtttgatag 1200 tttccaggac tctgcttctc gttcagagct agaaacccgg atgtcaagcc tgcagccagt 1260 agagctgctg cttccttcgg ccttgtccga gcaaacagag gcgctcatcc acagagccac 1320 atctgttagt gtgcaggatg acagaattcg agtcgaaagg atggataaca tttattttga 1380 atacagccat gctttccagg cagttacaga gttttatgca aaagatacag ttgacatcaa 1440 aggttctcaa attatttctg gcattgttaa cttagagaag cctgtgattt gctctttggc 1500 tgccatcata aaatacctca aagaattcaa cttggaaaag atgctctcca aacctgagaa 1560 ttttaaacag ctatcaagta aaatggaatt tatgacaatt aatggaacaa cattaaggaa 1620 tctggaaatc ctacagaatc agactgatat gaaaaccaaa ggaagtttgc tgtgggtttt 1680 agaccacact aaaacttcat ttgggagacg gaagttaaag aagtgggtga cccagccact 1740 ccttaaatta agggaaataa atgcccggct tgatgctgta tcggaagttc tccattcaga 1800 atctagtgtg tttggtcaga tagaaaatca tctacgtaaa ttgcccgaca tagagagggg 1860 actctgtagc atttatcaca aaaaatgttc tacccaagag ttcttcttga ttgtcaaaac 1920 tttatatcac ctaaagtcag aatttcaagc aataatacct gctgttaatt cccacattca 1980 gtcagacttg ctccggaccg ttattttaga aattcctgaa ctcctcagtc cagtggagca 2040 ttacttaaag atactcaatg aacaagctgc caaagttggg gataaaactg aattatttaa 2100 agacctttct gacttccctt taataaaaaa gaggaaggat gaaattcaag gtgttattga 2160 cgagatccga atgcatttgc aagaaatacg aaaaatacta aaaaatcctt ctgcacaata 2220 tgtgacagta tcaggacagg agtttatgat agaaataaag aactctgctg tatcttgtat 2280 accaactgat tgggtaaagg ttggaagcac aaaagctgtg agccgctttc actctccttt 2340 tattgtagaa aattacagac atctgaatca gctccgggag cagctagtcc ttgactgcag 2400 tgctgaatgg cttgattttc tagagaaatt cagtgaacat tatcactcct tgtgtaaagc 2460 agtgcatcac ctagcaactg ttgactgcat tttctccctg gccaaggtcg ctaagcaagg 2520 agattactgc agaccaactg tacaagaaga aagaaaaatt gtaataaaaa atggaaggca 2580 ccctgtgatt gatgtgttgc tgggagaaca ggatcaatat gtcccaaata atacagattt 2640 atcagaggac tcagagagag taatgataat taccggacca aacatgggtg gaaagagctc 2700 ctacataaaa caagttgcat tgattaccat catggctcag attggctcct atgttcctgc 2760 agaagaagcg acaattggga ttgtggatgg cattttcaca aggatgggtg ctgcagacaa 2820 tatatataaa ggacggagta catttatgga agaactgact gacacagcag aaataatcag 2880 aaaagcaaca tcacagtcct tggttatctt ggatgaacta ggaagaggga cgagcactca 2940 tgatggaatt gccattgcct atgctacact tgagtatttc atcagagatg tgaaatcctt 3000 aaccctgttt gtcacccatt atccgccagt ttgtgaacta gaaaaaaatt actcacacca 3060 ggtggggaat taccacatgg gattcttggt cagtgaggat gaaagcaaac tggatccagg 3120 cgcagcagaa caagtccctg attttgtcac cttcctttac caaataacta gaggaattgc 3180 agcaaggagt tatggattaa atgtggctaa actagcagat gttcctggag aaattttgaa 3240 gaaagcagct cacaagtcaa aagagctgga aggattaata aatacgaaaa gaaagagact 3300 caagtatttt gcaaagttat ggacgatgca taatgcacaa gacctgcaga agtggacaga 3360 ggagttcaac atggaagaaa cacagacttc tcttcttcat taaaatgaag actacatttg 3420 tgaacaaaaa atggagaatt aaaaatacca actgtacaaa ataactctcc agtaacagcc 3480 tatctttgtg tgacatgtga gcataaaatt atgaccatgg tatattccta ttggaaacag 3540 agaggttttt ctgaagacag tctttttcaa gtttctgtct tcctaacttt tctacgtata 3600 aacactcttg aatagacttc cactttgtaa ttagaaaatt ttatggacag taagtccagt 3660 aaagccttaa gtggcagaat ataattccca agcttttgga gggtgatata aaaatttact 3720 tgatattttt atttgtttca gttcagataa ttggcaactg ggtgaatctg gcaggaatct 3780 atccattgaa ctaaaataat tttattatgc aaccagttta tccaccaaga acataagaat 3840 tttttataag tagaaagaat tggccaggca tggtggctca tgcctgtaat cccagcactt 3900 tgggaggcca aggtaggcag atcacctgag gtcaggagtt caagaccagc ctggccaaca 3960 tggcaaaacc ccatctttac taaaaatata aagtacatct ctactaaaaa tacgaaaaaa 4020 ttagctgggc atggtggcgc acacctgtag tcccagctac tccggaggct gaggcaggag 4080 aatctcttga acctgggagg cggaggttgc aatgagccga gatcacgtca ctgcactcca 4140 gcttgggcaa cagagcaaga ctccatctca aaaaagaaaa aagaaaagaa atagaattat 4200 caagctttta aaaactagag cacagaagga ataaggtcat gaaatttaaa aggttaaata 4260 ttgtcatagg attaagcagt ttaaagattg ttggatgaaa ttatttgtca ttcattcaag 4320 taataaatat ttaatgaata cttgctataa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaa 4374 18 1128 PRT Homo sapiens 18 Met Ser Arg Arg Lys Pro Ala Ser Gly Gly Leu Ala Ala Ser Ser Ser 1 5 10 15 Ala Pro Ala Arg Gln Ala Val Leu Ser Arg Phe Phe Gln Ser Thr Gly 20 25 30 Ser Leu Lys Ser Thr Ser Ser Ser Thr Gly Ala Ala Asp Gln Val Asp 35 40 45 Pro Gly Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro Pro Ala Pro Ala Phe Pro Pro 50 55 60 Gln Leu Pro Pro His Val Ala Thr Glu Ile Asp Arg Arg Lys Lys Arg 65 70 75 80 Pro Leu Glu Asn Asp Gly Pro Val Lys Lys Lys Val Lys Lys Val Gln 85 90 95 Gln Lys Glu Gly Gly Ser Asp Leu Gly Met Ser Gly Asn Ser Glu Pro 100 105 110 Lys Lys Cys Leu Arg Thr Arg Asn Val Ser Lys Ser Leu Glu Lys Leu 115 120 125 Lys Glu Phe Cys Cys Asp Ser Ala Leu Pro Gln Ser Arg Val Gln Thr 130 135 140 Glu Ser Leu Gln Glu Arg Phe Ala Val Leu Pro Lys Cys Thr Asp Phe 145 150 155 160 Asp Asp Ile Ser Leu Leu His Ala Lys Asn Ala Val Ser Ser Glu Asp 165 170 175 Ser Lys Arg Gln Ile Asn Gln Lys Asp Thr Thr Leu Phe Asp Leu Ser 180 185 190 Gln Phe Gly Ser Ser Asn Thr Ser His Glu Asn Leu Gln Lys Thr Ala 195 200 205 Ser Lys Ser Ala Asn Lys Arg Ser Lys Ser Ile Tyr Thr Pro Leu Glu 210 215 220 Leu Gln Tyr Ile Glu Met Lys Gln Gln His Lys Asp Ala Val Leu Cys 225 230 235 240 Val Glu Cys Gly Tyr Lys Tyr Arg Phe Phe Gly Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile 245 250 255 Ala Ala Arg Glu Leu Asn Ile Tyr Cys His Leu Asp His Asn Phe Met 260 265 270 Thr Ala Ser Ile Pro Thr His Arg Leu Phe Val His Val Arg Arg Leu 275 280 285 Val Ala Lys Gly Tyr Lys Val Gly Val Val Lys Gln Thr Glu Thr Ala 290 295 300 Ala Leu Lys Ala Ile Gly Asp Asn Arg Ser Ser Leu Phe Ser Arg Lys 305 310 315 320 Leu Thr Ala Leu Tyr Thr Lys Ser Thr Leu Ile Gly Glu Asp Val Asn 325 330 335 Pro Leu Ile Lys Leu Asp Asp Ala Val Asn Val Asp Glu Ile Met Thr 340 345 350 Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Tyr Leu Leu Cys Ile Ser Glu Asn Lys Glu Asn 355 360 365 Val Arg Asp Lys Lys Lys Gly Asn Ile Phe Ile Gly Ile Val Gly Val 370 375 380 Gln Pro Ala Thr Gly Glu Val Val Phe Asp Ser Phe Gln Asp Ser Ala 385 390 395 400 Ser Arg Ser Glu Leu Glu Thr Arg Met Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro Val Glu 405 410 415 Leu Leu Leu Pro Ser Ala Leu Ser Glu Gln Thr Glu Ala Leu Ile His 420 425 430 Arg Ala Thr Ser Val Ser Val Gln Asp Asp Arg Ile Arg Val Glu Arg 435 440 445 Met Asp Asn Ile Tyr Phe Glu Tyr Ser His Ala Phe Gln Ala Val Thr 450 455 460 Glu Phe Tyr Ala Lys Asp Thr Val Asp Ile Lys Gly Ser Gln Ile Ile 465 470 475 480 Ser Gly Ile Val Asn Leu Glu Lys Pro Val Ile Cys Ser Leu Ala Ala 485 490 495 Ile Ile Lys Tyr Leu Lys Glu Phe Asn Leu Glu Lys Met Leu Ser Lys 500 505 510 Pro Glu Asn Phe Lys Gln Leu Ser Ser Lys Met Glu Phe Met Thr Ile 515 520 525 Asn Gly Thr Thr Leu Arg Asn Leu Glu Ile Leu Gln Asn Gln Thr Asp 530 535 540 Met Lys Thr Lys Gly Ser Leu Leu Trp Val Leu Asp His Thr Lys Thr 545 550 555 560 Ser Phe Gly Arg Arg Lys Leu Lys Lys Trp Val Thr Gln Pro Leu Leu 565 570 575 Lys Leu Arg Glu Ile Asn Ala Arg Leu Asp Ala Val Ser Glu Val Leu 580 585 590 His Ser Glu Ser Ser Val Phe Gly Gln Ile Glu Asn His Leu Arg Lys 595 600 605 Leu Pro Asp Ile Glu Arg Gly Leu Cys Ser Ile Tyr His Lys Lys Cys 610 615 620 Ser Thr Gln Glu Phe Phe Leu Ile Val Lys Thr Leu Tyr His Leu Lys 625 630 635 640 Ser Glu Phe Gln Ala Ile Ile Pro Ala Val Asn Ser His Ile Gln Ser 645 650 655 Asp Leu Leu Arg Thr Val Ile Leu Glu Ile Pro Glu Leu Leu Ser Pro 660 665 670 Val Glu His Tyr Leu Lys Ile Leu Asn Glu Gln Ala Ala Lys Val Gly 675 680 685 Asp Lys Thr Glu Leu Phe Lys Asp Leu Ser Asp Phe Pro Leu Ile Lys 690 695 700 Lys Arg Lys Asp Glu Ile Gln Gly Val Ile Asp Glu Ile Arg Met His 705 710 715 720 Leu Gln Glu Ile Arg Lys Ile Leu Lys Asn Pro Ser Ala Gln Tyr Val 725 730 735 Thr Val Ser Gly Gln Glu Phe Met Ile Glu Ile Lys Asn Ser Ala Val 740 745 750 Ser Cys Ile Pro Thr Asp Trp Val Lys Val Gly Ser Thr Lys Ala Val 755 760 765 Ser Arg Phe His Ser Pro Phe Ile Val Glu Asn Tyr Arg His Leu Asn 770 775 780 Gln Leu Arg Glu Gln Leu Val Leu Asp Cys Ser Ala Glu Trp Leu Asp 785 790 795 800 Phe Leu Glu Lys Phe Ser Glu His Tyr His Ser Leu Cys Lys Ala Val 805 810 815 His His Leu Ala Thr Val Asp Cys Ile Phe Ser Leu Ala Lys Val Ala 820 825 830 Lys Gln Gly Asp Tyr Cys Arg Pro Thr Val Gln Glu Glu Arg Lys Ile 835 840 845 Val Ile Lys Asn Gly Arg His Pro Val Ile Asp Val Leu Leu Gly Glu 850 855 860 Gln Asp Gln Tyr Val Pro Asn Asn Thr Asp Leu Ser Glu Asp Ser Glu 865 870 875 880 Arg Val Met Ile Ile Thr Gly Pro Asn Met Gly Gly Lys Ser Ser Tyr 885 890 895 Ile Lys Gln Val Ala Leu Ile Thr Ile Met Ala Gln Ile Gly Ser Tyr 900 905 910 Val Pro Ala Glu Glu Ala Thr Ile Gly Ile Val Asp Gly Ile Phe Thr 915 920 925 Arg Met Gly Ala Ala Asp Asn Ile Tyr Lys Gly Arg Ser Thr Phe Met 930 935 940 Glu Glu Leu Thr Asp Thr Ala Glu Ile Ile Arg Lys Ala Thr Ser Gln 945 950 955 960 Ser Leu Val Ile Leu Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Ser Thr His Asp 965 970 975 Gly Ile Ala Ile Ala Tyr Ala Thr Leu Glu Tyr Phe Ile Arg Asp Val 980 985 990 Lys Ser Leu Thr Leu Phe Val Thr His Tyr Pro Pro Val Cys Glu Leu 995 1000 1005 Glu Lys Asn Tyr Ser His Gln Val Gly Asn Tyr His Met Gly Phe 1010 1015 1020 Leu Val Ser Glu Asp Glu Ser Lys Leu Asp Pro Gly Ala Ala Glu 1025 1030 1035 Gln Val Pro Asp Phe Val Thr Phe Leu Tyr Gln Ile Thr Arg Gly 1040 1045 1050 Ile Ala Ala Arg Ser Tyr Gly Leu Asn Val Ala Lys Leu Ala Asp 1055 1060 1065 Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Leu Lys Lys Ala Ala His Lys Ser Lys Glu 1070 1075 1080 Leu Glu Gly Leu Ile Asn Thr Lys Arg Lys Arg Leu Lys Tyr Phe 1085 1090 1095 Ala Lys Leu Trp Thr Met His Asn Ala Gln Asp Leu Gln Lys Trp 1100 1105 1110 Thr Glu Glu Phe Asn Met Glu Glu Thr Gln Thr Ser Leu Leu His 1115 1120 1125 19 3095 DNA Homo sapiens 19 cagaaacctc atacttctcg ggtcagggaa ggtttgggag gatgctgagg cctgagatct 60 catcaacctc gccttctgcc ccggcggttt cccccgtcgt cggagaaacc cgctcacctc 120 agggtccccg ctacaatttc ggactccagg agactccaca gagccgccct tcggtccagg 180 tggtctctgc atccacctgt cctggcacgt caggagctgc gggcgaccgg agcagcagca 240 gcagcagcct tccctgcccc gcgccaaact cccggccagc tcaaggttca tactttggaa 300 acaaaagagc ttatgcagaa aacacagttg catcaaattt tacttttggt gcaagctcat 360 cttctgcacg agatactaat tatcctcaaa cacttaaaac tccattgtct actggaaatc 420 ctcagagatc aggttataag agctggacac cacaagtggg atattcagct tcatcctcat 480 ctgcgatttc tgcacactcc ccatcagtta ttgtagctgt tgtagaaggg agaggacttg 540 ccagaggtga aataggaatg gcaagtattg atttaaaaaa cccccaaatt atactatccc 600 agtttgcaga caacacaaca tatgcaaagg tgatcactaa acttaaaatt ttatcacctt 660 tggaaataat aatgtcaaat actgcttgtg ctgtggggaa ttccaccaag ttgttcactc 720 tgatcacaga aaatttcaag aatgttaatt tcactactat ccaaaggaaa tacttcaatg 780 aaacaaaagg attagagtac attgaacagt tatgcatagc agaattcagc actgtcctaa 840 tggaggttca gtccaagtat tactgccttg cagctgttgc agctttgtta aaatatgttg 900 aatttattca aaattcagtt tatgcaccaa aatcactgaa gatttgtttc cagggtagtg 960 aacagacagc catgatagat tcatcatcag cccaaaacct tgaattgtta attaataatc 1020 aagactatag gaataatcac actctctttg gtgttctaaa ttatactaag actcctggag 1080 ggagtagacg acttcgttct aatatattag agcctctagt tgatattgaa accattaaca 1140 tgcgcttaga ttgtgttcaa gaactacttc aagatgagga actatttttt ggacttcaat 1200 cagttatatc aagatttctt gatacagagc agcttctttc tgttttagtc caaattccag 1260 agcaagacac ggtcaatgct gctgaatcaa agataacaaa tttaatatac ttaaaacata 1320 ccttggaact tgtggatcct ttaaagattg ctatgaagaa ctgtaacaca cctttattaa 1380 gagcttacta tggttccttg gaagacaaga ggtttggaat catacttgaa aagattaaaa 1440 cagtaattaa tgatgatgca agatacatga aaggatgcct aaacatgagg actcagaagt 1500 gctatgcagt gaggtctaac ataaatgaat ttcttgacat agcaagaaga acatacacag 1560 agattgtaga tgacatagca ggaatgatat cacaacttgg agaaaaatat agtctacctt 1620 taaggacaag tcttagctct gttcgaggat ttttcatcca gatgactaca gattgtatag 1680 ccctacctag tgatcaactt ccttcagaat ttattaagat ttctaaagtg aaaaattctt 1740 acagctttac atcagcagat ttaattaaaa tgaatgaaag atgccaagaa tctttgagag 1800 aaatctatca catgacttat atgatagtgt gcaaactgct tagtgagatt tatgaacata 1860 ttcattgctt atataaacta tctgacactg tgtcaatgct ggatatgcta ctgtcatttg 1920 ctcatgcctg cactctttct gactatgttc gaccagaatt tactgatact ttagcaatca 1980 aacagggatg gcatcctatt cttgaaaaaa tatctgcgga aaaacctatt gccaacaata 2040 cctatgttac agaagggagt aattttttga tcataactgg accaaacatg agtggaaaat 2100 ccacatattt aaaacagatt gctctttgtc agattatggc ccagattgga tcatatgttc 2160 cagcagaata ttcttccttt agaattgcta aacagatttt tacaagaatt agtactgatg 2220 atgatatcga aacaaattca tcaacattta tgaaagaaat gaaagagata gcatatattc 2280 tacataatgc taatgacaaa tcgctcatat taattgatga acttggcaga ggtactaata 2340 cggaagaagg tattggcatt tgttatgctg tttgtgaata tctactgagc ttaaaggcat 2400 ttacactgtt tgctacacat ttcctggaac tatgccatat tgatgccctg tatcctaatg 2460 tagaaaacat gcattttgaa gttcaacatg taaagaatac ctcaagaaat aaagaagcaa 2520 ttttgtatac ctacaaactt tctaagggac tcacagaaga gaaaaattat ggattaaaag 2580 ctgcagaggt gtcatcactt ccaccatcaa ttgtcttgga tgccaaggaa atcacaactc 2640 aaattacgag acaaattttg caaaaccaaa ggagtacccc tgagatggaa agacagagag 2700 ctgtgtacca tctagccact aggcttgttc aaactgctcg aaactctcaa ttggatccag 2760 acagtttacg aatatattta agtaacctca agaagaagta caaagaagat tttcccagga 2820 ccgaacaagt tccagaaaag actgaagaat aatcacaatt ctaatgtaat aatatatctt 2880 aattcaagga acctagaatt tatttttctc cttagagata aggaaaataa catttgccaa 2940 atttcatatt ttaattgaaa attacattat attaacatca caattgtcat ctatatattc 3000 tatatgaaaa atatttatta taacttaaca aatgagaact acttaaagga atggttttta 3060 tgttaggaga aaatacaata caccacaaaa aaaaa 3095 20 936 PRT Homo sapiens 20 Met Leu Arg Pro Glu Ile Ser Ser Thr Ser Pro Ser Ala Pro Ala Val 1 5 10 15 Ser Pro Val Val Gly Glu Thr Arg Ser Pro Gln Gly Pro Arg Tyr Asn 20 25 30 Phe Gly Leu Gln Glu Thr Pro Gln Ser Arg Pro Ser Val Gln Val Val 35 40 45 Ser Ala Ser Thr Cys Pro Gly Thr Ser Gly Ala Ala Gly Asp Arg Ser 50 55 60 Ser Ser Ser Ser Ser Leu Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Asn Ser Arg Pro Ala 65 70 75 80 Gln Gly Ser Tyr Phe Gly Asn Lys Arg Ala Tyr Ala Glu Asn Thr Val 85 90 95 Ala Ser Asn Phe Thr Phe Gly Ala Ser Ser Ser Ser Ala Arg Asp Thr 100 105 110 Asn Tyr Pro Gln Thr Leu Lys Thr Pro Leu Ser Thr Gly Asn Pro Gln 115 120 125 Arg Ser Gly Tyr Lys Ser Trp Thr Pro Gln Val Gly Tyr Ser Ala Ser 130 135 140 Ser Ser Ser Ala Ile Ser Ala His Ser Pro Ser Val Ile Val Ala Val 145 150 155 160 Val Glu Gly Arg Gly Leu Ala Arg Gly Glu Ile Gly Met Ala Ser Ile 165 170 175 Asp Leu Lys Asn Pro Gln Ile Ile Leu Ser Gln Phe Ala Asp Asn Thr 180 185 190 Thr Tyr Ala Lys Val Ile Thr Lys Leu Lys Ile Leu Ser Pro Leu Glu 195 200 205 Ile Ile Met Ser Asn Thr Ala Cys Ala Val Gly Asn Ser Thr Lys Leu 210 215 220 Phe Thr Leu Ile Thr Glu Asn Phe Lys Asn Val Asn Phe Thr Thr Ile 225 230 235 240 Gln Arg Lys Tyr Phe Asn Glu Thr Lys Gly Leu Glu Tyr Ile Glu Gln 245 250 255 Leu Cys Ile Ala Glu Phe Ser Thr Val Leu Met Glu Val Gln Ser Lys 260 265 270 Tyr Tyr Cys Leu Ala Ala Val Ala Ala Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Glu Phe 275 280 285 Ile Gln Asn Ser Val Tyr Ala Pro Lys Ser Leu Lys Ile Cys Phe Gln 290 295 300 Gly Ser Glu Gln Thr Ala Met Ile Asp Ser Ser Ser Ala Gln Asn Leu 305 310 315 320 Glu Leu Leu Ile Asn Asn Gln Asp Tyr Arg Asn Asn His Thr Leu Phe 325 330 335 Gly Val Leu Asn Tyr Thr Lys Thr Pro Gly Gly Ser Arg Arg Leu Arg 340 345 350 Ser Asn Ile Leu Glu Pro Leu Val Asp Ile Glu Thr Ile Asn Met Arg 355 360 365 Leu Asp Cys Val Gln Glu Leu Leu Gln Asp Glu Glu Leu Phe Phe Gly 370 375 380 Leu Gln Ser Val Ile Ser Arg Phe Leu Asp Thr Glu Gln Leu Leu Ser 385 390 395 400 Val Leu Val Gln Ile Pro Glu Gln Asp Thr Val Asn Ala Ala Glu Ser 405 410 415 Lys Ile Thr Asn Leu Ile Tyr Leu Lys His Thr Leu Glu Leu Val Asp 420 425 430 Pro Leu Lys Ile Ala Met Lys Asn Cys Asn Thr Pro Leu Leu Arg Ala 435 440 445 Tyr Tyr Gly Ser Leu Glu Asp Lys Arg Phe Gly Ile Ile Leu Glu Lys 450 455 460 Ile Lys Thr Val Ile Asn Asp Asp Ala Arg Tyr Met Lys Gly Cys Leu 465 470 475 480 Asn Met Arg Thr Gln Lys Cys Tyr Ala Val Arg Ser Asn Ile Asn Glu 485 490 495 Phe Leu Asp Ile Ala Arg Arg Thr Tyr Thr Glu Ile Val Asp Asp Ile 500 505 510 Ala Gly Met Ile Ser Gln Leu Gly Glu Lys Tyr Ser Leu Pro Leu Arg 515 520 525 Thr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Arg Gly Phe Phe Ile Gln Met Thr Thr Asp 530 535 540 Cys Ile Ala Leu Pro Ser Asp Gln Leu Pro Ser Glu Phe Ile Lys Ile 545 550 555 560 Ser Lys Val Lys Asn Ser Tyr Ser Phe Thr Ser Ala Asp Leu Ile Lys 565 570 575 Met Asn Glu Arg Cys Gln Glu Ser Leu Arg Glu Ile Tyr His Met Thr 580 585 590 Tyr Met Ile Val Cys Lys Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Tyr Glu His Ile His 595 600 605 Cys Leu Tyr Lys Leu Ser Asp Thr Val Ser Met Leu Asp Met Leu Leu 610 615 620 Ser Phe Ala His Ala Cys Thr Leu Ser Asp Tyr Val Arg Pro Glu Phe 625 630 635 640 Thr Asp Thr Leu Ala Ile Lys Gln Gly Trp His Pro Ile Leu Glu Lys 645 650 655 Ile Ser Ala Glu Lys Pro Ile Ala Asn Asn Thr Tyr Val Thr Glu Gly 660 665 670 Ser Asn Phe Leu Ile Ile Thr Gly Pro Asn Met Ser Gly Lys Ser Thr 675 680 685 Tyr Leu Lys Gln Ile Ala Leu Cys Gln Ile Met Ala Gln Ile Gly Ser 690 695 700 Tyr Val Pro Ala Glu Tyr Ser Ser Phe Arg Ile Ala Lys Gln Ile Phe 705 710 715 720 Thr Arg Ile Ser Thr Asp Asp Asp Ile Glu Thr Asn Ser Ser Thr Phe 725 730 735 Met Lys Glu Met Lys Glu Ile Ala Tyr Ile Leu His Asn Ala Asn Asp 740 745 750 Lys Ser Leu Ile Leu Ile Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Asn Thr Glu 755 760 765 Glu Gly Ile Gly Ile Cys Tyr Ala Val Cys Glu Tyr Leu Leu Ser Leu 770 775 780 Lys Ala Phe Thr Leu Phe Ala Thr His Phe Leu Glu Leu Cys His Ile 785 790 795 800 Asp Ala Leu Tyr Pro Asn Val Glu Asn Met His Phe Glu Val Gln His 805 810 815 Val Lys Asn Thr Ser Arg Asn Lys Glu Ala Ile Leu Tyr Thr Tyr Lys 820 825 830 Leu Ser Lys Gly Leu Thr Glu Glu Lys Asn Tyr Gly Leu Lys Ala Ala 835 840 845 Glu Val Ser Ser Leu Pro Pro Ser Ile Val Leu Asp Ala Lys Glu Ile 850 855 860 Thr Thr Gln Ile Thr Arg Gln Ile Leu Gln Asn Gln Arg Ser Thr Pro 865 870 875 880 Glu Met Glu Arg Gln Arg Ala Val Tyr His Leu Ala Thr Arg Leu Val 885 890 895 Gln Thr Ala Arg Asn Ser Gln Leu Asp Pro Asp Ser Leu Arg Ile Tyr 900 905 910 Leu Ser Asn Leu Lys Lys Lys Tyr Lys Glu Asp Phe Pro Arg Thr Glu 915 920 925 Gln Val Pro Glu Lys Thr Glu Glu 930 935 21 2726 DNA Homo sapiens 21 gcggtcggtc agcggggcgt tctcccacct gtagcgactc agagcctcca agctcatggc 60 ctccttagga gcgaacccaa ggaggacacc gcagggaccg agacctgggg cggcctcctc 120 cggcttcccc agcccggccc cagtgccggg ccccagggag gccgaggagg aggaagtcga 180 ggaggaggag gagctggccg agatccatct gtgtgtgctg tggaattcag gatacttggg 240 cattgcctac tatgatacta gtgactccac tatccacttc atgccagatg ccccagacca 300 cgagagcctc aagcttctcc agagagttct ggatgagatc aatccccagt ctgttgttac 360 gagtgccaaa caggatgaga atatgactcg atttctggga aagcttgcct cccaggagca 420 cagagagcct aaaagacctg aaatcatatt tttgccaagt gtggattttg gtctggagat 480 aagcaaacaa cgcctccttt ctggaaacta ctccttcatc ccagacgcca tgactgccac 540 tgagaaaatc ctcttcctct cttccattat tccctttgac tgcctcctca cagttcgagc 600 acttggaggg ctgctgaagt tcctgggtcg aagaagaatc ggggttgaac tggaagacta 660 taatgtcagc gtccccatcc tgggctttaa gaaatttatg ttgactcatc tggtgaacat 720 agatcaagac acttacagtg ttctacagat ttttaagagt gagtctcacc cctcagtgta 780 caaagtggcc agtggactga aggaggggct cagcctcttt ggaatcctca acagatgcca 840 ctgtaagtgg ggagagaagc tgctcaggct atggttcaca cgtccgactc atgacctggg 900 ggagctcagt tctcgtctgg acgtcattca gttttttctg ctgccccaga atctggacat 960 ggctcagatg ctgcatcggc tcctgggtca catcaagaac gtgcctctga ttctgaaacg 1020 catgaagttg tcccacacca aggtcagcga ctggcaggtt ctctacaaga ctgtgtacag 1080 tgccctgggc ctgagggatg cctgccgctc cctgccgcag tccatccagc tctttcggga 1140 cattgcccaa gagttctctg atgacctgca ccatatcgcc agcctcattg ggaaagtagt 1200 ggactttgag ggcagccttg ctgaaaatcg cttcacagtc ctccccaaca tagatcctga 1260 aattgatgag aaaaagcgaa gactgatggg acttcccagt ttccttactg aggttgcccg 1320 caaggagctg gagaatctgg actcccgtat tccttcatgc agtgtcatct acatccctct 1380 gattggcttc cttctttcta ttccccgcct gccttccatg gtagaggcca gtgactttga 1440 gattaatgga ctggacttca tgtttctctc agaggagaag ctgcactatc gtagtgcccg 1500 aaccaaggag ctggatgcat tgctggggga cctgcactgc gagatccggg accaggagac 1560 gctgctgatg taccagctac agtgccaggt gctggcacga gcagctgtct taacccgagt 1620 attggacctt gcctcccgcc tggacgtcct gctggctctt gccagtgctg cccgggacta 1680 tggctactca aggccgcgtt actccccaca agtccttggg gtacgaatcc agaatggcag 1740 acatcctctg atggaactct gtgcccgaac ctttgtgccc aactccacag aatgtggtgg 1800 ggacaaaggg agggtcaaag tcatcactgg acccaactca tcagggaaga gcatatacct 1860 caaacaggta ggcttgatca cattcatggc cctggtaggc agctttgtgc cagcagagga 1920 ggccgaaatt ggggcagtag acgccatctt cacacgaatt catagctgcg aatccatctc 1980 ccttggcctc tccaccttca tgatcgacct caaccagcag gtggcgaaag cagtgaacaa 2040 tgccactgca cagtcgctgg tccttattga tgaatttgga aagggaacca acacggtgga 2100 tgggctcgcg cttctggccg ctgtgctccg acactggctg gcacgtggac ccacatgccc 2160 ccacatcttt gtggccacca actttctgag ccttgttcag ctacaactgc tgccacaagg 2220 gcccctggtg cagtatttga ccatggagac ctgtgaggat ggcaacgatc ttgtcttctt 2280 ctatcaggtt tgcgaaggtg ttgcgaaggc cagccatgcc tcccacacag ctgcccaggc 2340 tgggcttcct gacaagcttg tggctcgtgg caaggaggtc tcagacttga tccgcagtgg 2400 aaaacccatc aagcctgtca aggatttgct aaagaagaac caaatggaaa attgccagac 2460 attagtggat aagtttatga aactggattt ggaagatcct aacctggact tgaacgtttt 2520 catgagccag gaagtgctgc ctgctgccac cagcatcctc tgagagtcct tccagtgtcc 2580 tccccagcct cctgagactc cggtgggctg ccatgccctc tttgtttcct tatctccctc 2640 agacgcagag tttttagttt ctctagaaat tttgtttcat attaggaata aagtttattt 2700 tgaagaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaa 2726 22 835 PRT Homo sapiens 22 Met Ala Ser Leu Gly Ala Asn Pro Arg Arg Thr Pro Gln Gly Pro Arg 1 5 10 15 Pro Gly Ala Ala Ser Ser Gly Phe Pro Ser Pro Ala Pro Val Pro Gly 20 25 30 Pro Arg Glu Ala Glu Glu Glu Glu Val Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Leu Ala 35 40 45 Glu Ile His Leu Cys Val Leu Trp Asn Ser Gly Tyr Leu Gly Ile Ala 50 55 60 Tyr Tyr Asp Thr Ser Asp Ser Thr Ile His Phe Met Pro Asp Ala Pro 65 70 75 80 Asp His Glu Ser Leu Lys Leu Leu Gln Arg Val Leu Asp Glu Ile Asn 85 90 95 Pro Gln Ser Val Val Thr Ser Ala Lys Gln Asp Glu Asn Met Thr Arg 100 105 110 Phe Leu Gly Lys Leu Ala Ser Gln Glu His Arg Glu Pro Lys Arg Pro 115 120 125 Glu Ile Ile Phe Leu Pro Ser Val Asp Phe Gly Leu Glu Ile Ser Lys 130 135 140 Gln Arg Leu Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Ser Phe Ile Pro Asp Ala Met Thr 145 150 155 160 Ala Thr Glu Lys Ile Leu Phe Leu Ser Ser Ile Ile Pro Phe Asp Cys 165 170 175 Leu Leu Thr Val Arg Ala Leu Gly Gly Leu Leu Lys Phe Leu Gly Arg 180 185 190 Arg Arg Ile Gly Val Glu Leu Glu Asp Tyr Asn Val Ser Val Pro Ile 195 200 205 Leu Gly Phe Lys Lys Phe Met Leu Thr His Leu Val Asn Ile Asp Gln 210 215 220 Asp Thr Tyr Ser Val Leu Gln Ile Phe Lys Ser Glu Ser His Pro Ser 225 230 235 240 Val Tyr Lys Val Ala Ser Gly Leu Lys Glu Gly Leu Ser Leu Phe Gly 245 250 255 Ile Leu Asn Arg Cys His Cys Lys Trp Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Arg Leu 260 265 270 Trp Phe Thr Arg Pro Thr His Asp Leu Gly Glu Leu Ser Ser Arg Leu 275 280 285 Asp Val Ile Gln Phe Phe Leu Leu Pro Gln Asn Leu Asp Met Ala Gln 290 295 300 Met Leu His Arg Leu Leu Gly His Ile Lys Asn Val Pro Leu Ile Leu 305 310 315 320 Lys Arg Met Lys Leu Ser His Thr Lys Val Ser Asp Trp Gln Val Leu 325 330 335 Tyr Lys Thr Val Tyr Ser Ala Leu Gly Leu Arg Asp Ala Cys Arg Ser 340 345 350 Leu Pro Gln Ser Ile Gln Leu Phe Arg Asp Ile Ala Gln Glu Phe Ser 355 360 365 Asp Asp Leu His His Ile Ala Ser Leu Ile Gly Lys Val Val Asp Phe 370 375 380 Glu Gly Ser Leu Ala Glu Asn Arg Phe Thr Val Leu Pro Asn Ile Asp 385 390 395 400 Pro Glu Ile Asp Glu Lys Lys Arg Arg Leu Met Gly Leu Pro Ser Phe 405 410 415 Leu Thr Glu Val Ala Arg Lys Glu Leu Glu Asn Leu Asp Ser Arg Ile 420 425 430 Pro Ser Cys Ser Val Ile Tyr Ile Pro Leu Ile Gly Phe Leu Leu Ser 435 440 445 Ile Pro Arg Leu Pro Ser Met Val Glu Ala Ser Asp Phe Glu Ile Asn 450 455 460 Gly Leu Asp Phe Met Phe Leu Ser Glu Glu Lys Leu His Tyr Arg Ser 465 470 475 480 Ala Arg Thr Lys Glu Leu Asp Ala Leu Leu Gly Asp Leu His Cys Glu 485 490 495 Ile Arg Asp Gln Glu Thr Leu Leu Met Tyr Gln Leu Gln Cys Gln Val 500 505 510 Leu Ala Arg Ala Ala Val Leu Thr Arg Val Leu Asp Leu Ala Ser Arg 515 520 525 Leu Asp Val Leu Leu Ala Leu Ala Ser Ala Ala Arg Asp Tyr Gly Tyr 530 535 540 Ser Arg Pro Arg Tyr Ser Pro Gln Val Leu Gly Val Arg Ile Gln Asn 545 550 555 560 Gly Arg His Pro Leu Met Glu Leu Cys Ala Arg Thr Phe Val Pro Asn 565 570 575 Ser Thr Glu Cys Gly Gly Asp Lys Gly Arg Val Lys Val Ile Thr Gly 580 585 590 Pro Asn Ser Ser Gly Lys Ser Ile Tyr Leu Lys Gln Val Gly Leu Ile 595 600 605 Thr Phe Met Ala Leu Val Gly Ser Phe Val Pro Ala Glu Glu Ala Glu 610 615 620 Ile Gly Ala Val Asp Ala Ile Phe Thr Arg Ile His Ser Cys Glu Ser 625 630 635 640 Ile Ser Leu Gly Leu Ser Thr Phe Met Ile Asp Leu Asn Gln Gln Val 645 650 655 Ala Lys Ala Val Asn Asn Ala Thr Ala Gln Ser Leu Val Leu Ile Asp 660 665 670 Glu Phe Gly Lys Gly Thr Asn Thr Val Asp Gly Leu Ala Leu Leu Ala 675 680 685 Ala Val Leu Arg His Trp Leu Ala Arg Gly Pro Thr Cys Pro His Ile 690 695 700 Phe Val Ala Thr Asn Phe Leu Ser Leu Val Gln Leu Gln Leu Leu Pro 705 710 715 720 Gln Gly Pro Leu Val Gln Tyr Leu Thr Met Glu Thr Cys Glu Asp Gly 725 730 735 Asn Asp Leu Val Phe Phe Tyr Gln Val Cys Glu Gly Val Ala Lys Ala 740 745 750 Ser His Ala Ser His Thr Ala Ala Gln Ala Gly Leu Pro Asp Lys Leu 755 760 765 Val Ala Arg Gly Lys Glu Val Ser Asp Leu Ile Arg Ser Gly Lys Pro 770 775 780 Ile Lys Pro Val Lys Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys Asn Gln Met Glu Asn Cys 785 790 795 800 Gln Thr Leu Val Asp Lys Phe Met Lys Leu Asp Leu Glu Asp Pro Asn 805 810 815 Leu Asp Leu Asn Val Phe Met Ser Gln Glu Val Leu Pro Ala Ala Thr 820 825 830 Ser Ile Leu 835 23 4264 DNA Homo sapiens 23 atttcccgcc agcaggagcc gcgcggtaga tgcggtgctt ttaggagctc cgtccgacag 60 aacggttggg ccttgccggc tgtcggtatg tcgcgacaga gcaccctgta cagcttcttc 120 cccaagtctc cggcgctgag tgatgccaac aaggcctcgg ccagggcctc acgcgaaggc 180 ggccgtgccg ccgctgcccc cggggcctct ccttccccag gcggggatgc ggcctggagc 240 gaggctgggc ctgggcccag gcccttggcg cgatccgcgt caccgcccaa ggcgaagaac 300 ctcaacggag ggctgcggag atcggtagcg cctgctgccc ccaccagttg tgacttctca 360 ccaggagatt tggtttgggc caagatggag ggttacccct ggtggccttg tctggtttac 420 aaccacccct ttgatggaac attcatccgc gagaaaggga aatcagtccg tgttcatgta 480 cagttttttg atgacagccc aacaaggggc tgggttagca aaaggctttt aaagccatat 540 acaggttcaa aatcaaagga agcccagaag ggaggtcatt tttacagtgc aaagcctgaa 600 atactgagag caatgcaacg tgcagatgaa gccttaaata aagacaagat taagaggctt 660 gaattggcag tttgtgatga gccctcagag ccagaagagg aagaagagat ggaggtaggc 720 acaacttacg taacagataa gagtgaagaa gataatgaaa ttgagagtga agaggaagta 780 cagcctaaga cacaaggatc taggcgaagt agccgccaaa taaaaaaacg aagggtcata 840 tcagattctg agagtgacat tggtggctct gatgtggaat ttaagccaga cactaaggag 900 gaaggaagca gtgatgaaat aagcagtgga gtgggggata gtgagagtga aggcctgaac 960 agccctgtca aagttgctcg aaagcggaag agaatggtga ctggaaatgg ctctcttaaa 1020 aggaaaagct ctaggaagga aacgccctca gccaccaaac aagcaactag catttcatca 1080 gaaaccaaga atactttgag agctttctct gcccctcaaa attctgaatc ccaagcccac 1140 gttagtggag gtggtgatga cagtagtcgc cctactgttt ggtatcatga aactttagaa 1200 tggcttaagg aggaaaagag aagagatgag cacaggagga ggcctgatca ccccgatttt 1260 gatgcatcta cactctatgt gcctgaggat ttcctcaatt cttgtactcc tgggatgagg 1320 aagtggtggc agattaagtc tcagaacttt gatcttgtca tctgttacaa ggtggggaaa 1380 ttttatgagc tgtaccacat ggatgctctt attggagtca gtgaactggg gctggtattc 1440 atgaaaggca actgggccca ttctggcttt cctgaaattg catttggccg ttattcagat 1500 tccctggtgc agaagggcta taaagtagca cgagtggaac agactgagac tccagaaatg 1560 atggaggcac gatgtagaaa gatggcacat atatccaagt atgatagagt ggtgaggagg 1620 gagatctgta ggatcattac caagggtaca cagacttaca gtgtgctgga aggtgatccc 1680 tctgagaact acagtaagta tcttcttagc ctcaaagaaa aagaggaaga ttcttctggc 1740 catactcgtg catatggtgt gtgctttgtt gatacttcac tgggaaagtt tttcataggt 1800 cagttttcag atgatcgcca ttgttcgaga tttaggactc tagtggcaca ctatccccca 1860 gtacaagttt tatttgaaaa aggaaatctc tcaaaggaaa ctaaaacaat tctaaagagt 1920 tcattgtcct gttctcttca ggaaggtctg atacccggct cccagttttg ggatgcatcc 1980 aaaactttga gaactctcct tgaggaagaa tattttaggg aaaagctaag tgatggcatt 2040 ggggtgatgt taccccaggt gcttaaaggt atgacttcag agtctgattc cattgggttg 2100 acaccaggag agaaaagtga attggccctc tctgctctag gtggttgtgt cttctacctc 2160 aaaaaatgcc ttattgatca ggagctttta tcaatggcta attttgaaga atatattccc 2220 ttggattctg acacagtcag cactacaaga tctggtgcta tcttcaccaa agcctatcaa 2280 cgaatggtgc tagatgcagt gacattaaac aacttggaga tttttctgaa tggaacaaat 2340 ggttctactg aaggaaccct actagagagg gttgatactt gccatactcc ttttggtaag 2400 cggctcctaa agcaatggct ttgtgcccca ctctgtaacc attatgctat taatgatcgt 2460 ctagatgcca tagaagacct catggttgtg cctgacaaaa tctccgaagt tgtagagctt 2520 ctaaagaagc ttccagatct tgagaggcta ctcagtaaaa ttcataatgt tgggtctccc 2580 ctgaagagtc agaaccaccc agacagcagg gctataatgt atgaagaaac tacatacagc 2640 aagaagaaga ttattgattt tctttctgct ctggaaggat tcaaagtaat gtgtaaaatt 2700 atagggatca tggaagaagt tgctgatggt tttaagtcta aaatccttaa gcaggtcatc 2760 tctctgcaga caaaaaatcc tgaaggtcgt tttcctgatt tgactgtaga attgaaccga 2820 tgggatacag cctttgacca tgaaaaggct cgaaagactg gacttattac tcccaaagca 2880 ggctttgact ctgattatga ccaagctctt gctgacataa gagaaaatga acagagcctc 2940 ctggaatacc tagagaaaca gcgcaacaga attggctgta ggaccatagt ctattggggg 3000 attggtagga accgttacca gctggaaatt cctgagaatt tcaccactcg caatttgcca 3060 gaagaatacg agttgaaatc taccaagaag ggctgtaaac gatactggac caaaactatt 3120 gaaaagaagt tggctaatct cataaatgct gaagaacgga gggatgtatc attgaaggac 3180 tgcatgcggc gactgttcta taactttgat aaaaattaca aggactggca gtctgctgta 3240 gagtgtatcg cagtgttgga tgttttactg tgcctggcta actatagtcg agggggtgat 3300 ggtcctatgt gtcgcccagt aattctgttg ccggaagata cccccccctt cttagagctt 3360 aaaggatcac gccatccttg cattacgaag actttttttg gagatgattt tattcctaat 3420 gacattctaa taggctgtga ggaagaggag caggaaaatg gcaaagccta ttgtgtgctt 3480 gttactggac caaatatggg gggcaagtct acgcttatga gacaggctgg cttattagct 3540 gtaatggccc agatgggttg ttacgtccct gctgaagtgt gcaggctcac accaattgat 3600 agagtgttta ctagacttgg tgcctcagac agaataatgt caggtgaaag tacatttttt 3660 gttgaattaa gtgaaactgc cagcatactc atgcatgcaa cagcacattc tctggtgctt 3720 gtggatgaat taggaagagg tactgcaaca tttgatggga cggcaatagc aaatgcagtt 3780 gttaaagaac ttgctgagac tataaaatgt cgtacattat tttcaactca ctaccattca 3840 ttagtagaag attattctca aaatgttgct gtgcgcctag gacatatggc atgcatggta 3900 gaaaatgaat gtgaagaccc cagccaggag actattacgt tcctctataa attcattaag 3960 ggagcttgtc ctaaaagcta tggctttaat gcagcaaggc ttgctaatct cccagaggaa 4020 gttattcaaa agggacatag aaaagcaaga gaatttgaga agatgaatca gtcactacga 4080 ttatttcggg aagtttgcct ggctagtgaa aggtcaactg tagatgctga agctgtccat 4140 aaattgctga ctttgattaa ggaattatag actgactaca ttggaagctt tgagttgact 4200 tctgaccaaa ggtggtaaat tcagacaaca ttatgatcta ataaacttta ttttttaaaa 4260 atga 4264 24 1360 PRT Homo sapiens 24 Met Ser Arg Gln Ser Thr Leu Tyr Ser Phe Phe Pro Lys Ser Pro Ala 1 5 10 15 Leu Ser Asp Ala Asn Lys Ala Ser Ala Arg Ala Ser Arg Glu Gly Gly 20 25 30 Arg Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro Gly Ala Ser Pro Ser Pro Gly Gly Asp Ala 35 40 45 Ala Trp Ser Glu Ala Gly Pro Gly Pro Arg Pro Leu Ala Arg Ser Ala 50 55 60 Ser Pro Pro Lys Ala Lys Asn Leu Asn Gly Gly Leu Arg Arg Ser Val 65 70 75 80 Ala Pro Ala Ala Pro Thr Ser Cys Asp Phe Ser Pro Gly Asp Leu Val 85 90 95 Trp Ala Lys Met Glu Gly Tyr Pro Trp Trp Pro Cys Leu Val Tyr Asn 100 105 110 His Pro Phe Asp Gly Thr Phe Ile Arg Glu Lys Gly Lys Ser Val Arg 115 120 125 Val His Val Gln Phe Phe Asp Asp Ser Pro Thr Arg Gly Trp Val Ser 130 135 140 Lys Arg Leu Leu Lys Pro Tyr Thr Gly Ser Lys Ser Lys Glu Ala Gln 145 150 155 160 Lys Gly Gly His Phe Tyr Ser Ala Lys Pro Glu Ile Leu Arg Ala Met 165 170 175 Gln Arg Ala Asp Glu Ala Leu Asn Lys Asp Lys Ile Lys Arg Leu Glu 180 185 190 Leu Ala Val Cys Asp Glu Pro Ser Glu Pro Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Met 195 200 205 Glu Val Gly Thr Thr Tyr Val Thr Asp Lys Ser Glu Glu Asp Asn Glu 210 215 220 Ile Glu Ser Glu Glu Glu Val Gln Pro Lys Thr Gln Gly Ser Arg Arg 225 230 235 240 Ser Ser Arg Gln Ile Lys Lys Arg Arg Val Ile Ser Asp Ser Glu Ser 245 250 255 Asp Ile Gly Gly Ser Asp Val Glu Phe Lys Pro Asp Thr Lys Glu Glu 260 265 270 Gly Ser Ser Asp Glu Ile Ser Ser Gly Val Gly Asp Ser Glu Ser Glu 275 280 285 Gly Leu Asn Ser Pro Val Lys Val Ala Arg Lys Arg Lys Arg Met Val 290 295 300 Thr Gly Asn Gly Ser Leu Lys Arg Lys Ser Ser Arg Lys Glu Thr Pro 305 310 315 320 Ser Ala Thr Lys Gln Ala Thr Ser Ile Ser Ser Glu Thr Lys Asn Thr 325 330 335 Leu Arg Ala Phe Ser Ala Pro Gln Asn Ser Glu Ser Gln Ala His Val 340 345 350 Ser Gly Gly Gly Asp Asp Ser Ser Arg Pro Thr Val Trp Tyr His Glu 355 360 365 Thr Leu Glu Trp Leu Lys Glu Glu Lys Arg Arg Asp Glu His Arg Arg 370 375 380 Arg Pro Asp His Pro Asp Phe Asp Ala Ser Thr Leu Tyr Val Pro Glu 385 390 395 400 Asp Phe Leu Asn Ser Cys Thr Pro Gly Met Arg Lys Trp Trp Gln Ile 405 410 415 Lys Ser Gln Asn Phe Asp Leu Val Ile Cys Tyr Lys Val Gly Lys Phe 420 425 430 Tyr Glu Leu Tyr His Met Asp Ala Leu Ile Gly Val Ser Glu Leu Gly 435 440 445 Leu Val Phe Met Lys Gly Asn Trp Ala His Ser Gly Phe Pro Glu Ile 450 455 460 Ala Phe Gly Arg Tyr Ser Asp Ser Leu Val Gln Lys Gly Tyr Lys Val 465 470 475 480 Ala Arg Val Glu Gln Thr Glu Thr Pro Glu Met Met Glu Ala Arg Cys 485 490 495 Arg Lys Met Ala His Ile Ser Lys Tyr Asp Arg Val Val Arg Arg Glu 500 505 510 Ile Cys Arg Ile Ile Thr Lys Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ser Val Leu Glu 515 520 525 Gly Asp Pro Ser Glu Asn Tyr Ser Lys Tyr Leu Leu Ser Leu Lys Glu 530 535 540 Lys Glu Glu Asp Ser Ser Gly His Thr Arg Ala Tyr Gly Val Cys Phe 545 550 555 560 Val Asp Thr Ser Leu Gly Lys Phe Phe Ile Gly Gln Phe Ser Asp Asp 565 570 575 Arg His Cys Ser Arg Phe Arg Thr Leu Val Ala His Tyr Pro Pro Val 580 585 590 Gln Val Leu Phe Glu Lys Gly Asn Leu Ser Lys Glu Thr Lys Thr Ile 595 600 605 Leu Lys Ser Ser Leu Ser Cys Ser Leu Gln Glu Gly Leu Ile Pro Gly 610 615 620 Ser Gln Phe Trp Asp Ala Ser Lys Thr Leu Arg Thr Leu Leu Glu Glu 625 630 635 640 Glu Tyr Phe Arg Glu Lys Leu Ser Asp Gly Ile Gly Val Met Leu Pro 645 650 655 Gln Val Leu Lys Gly Met Thr Ser Glu Ser Asp Ser Ile Gly Leu Thr 660 665 670 Pro Gly Glu Lys Ser Glu Leu Ala Leu Ser Ala Leu Gly Gly Cys Val 675 680 685 Phe Tyr Leu Lys Lys Cys Leu Ile Asp Gln Glu Leu Leu Ser Met Ala 690 695 700 Asn Phe Glu Glu Tyr Ile Pro Leu Asp Ser Asp Thr Val Ser Thr Thr 705 710 715 720 Arg Ser Gly Ala Ile Phe Thr Lys Ala Tyr Gln Arg Met Val Leu Asp 725 730 735 Ala Val Thr Leu Asn Asn Leu Glu Ile Phe Leu Asn Gly Thr Asn Gly 740 745 750 Ser Thr Glu Gly Thr Leu Leu Glu Arg Val Asp Thr Cys His Thr Pro 755 760 765 Phe Gly Lys Arg Leu Leu Lys Gln Trp Leu Cys Ala Pro Leu Cys Asn 770 775 780 His Tyr Ala Ile Asn Asp Arg Leu Asp Ala Ile Glu Asp Leu Met Val 785 790 795 800 Val Pro Asp Lys Ile Ser Glu Val Val Glu Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu Pro 805 810 815 Asp Leu Glu Arg Leu Leu Ser Lys Ile His Asn Val Gly Ser Pro Leu 820 825 830 Lys Ser Gln Asn His Pro Asp Ser Arg Ala Ile Met Tyr Glu Glu Thr 835 840 845 Thr Tyr Ser Lys Lys Lys Ile Ile Asp Phe Leu Ser Ala Leu Glu Gly 850 855 860 Phe Lys Val Met Cys Lys Ile Ile Gly Ile Met Glu Glu Val Ala Asp 865 870 875 880 Gly Phe Lys Ser Lys Ile Leu Lys Gln Val Ile Ser Leu Gln Thr Lys 885 890 895 Asn Pro Glu Gly Arg Phe Pro Asp Leu Thr Val Glu Leu Asn Arg Trp 900 905 910 Asp Thr Ala Phe Asp His Glu Lys Ala Arg Lys Thr Gly Leu Ile Thr 915 920 925 Pro Lys Ala Gly Phe Asp Ser Asp Tyr Asp Gln Ala Leu Ala Asp Ile 930 935 940 Arg Glu Asn Glu Gln Ser Leu Leu Glu Tyr Leu Glu Lys Gln Arg Asn 945 950 955 960 Arg Ile Gly Cys Arg Thr Ile Val Tyr Trp Gly Ile Gly Arg Asn Arg 965 970 975 Tyr Gln Leu Glu Ile Pro Glu Asn Phe Thr Thr Arg Asn Leu Pro Glu 980 985 990 Glu Tyr Glu Leu Lys Ser Thr Lys Lys Gly Cys Lys Arg Tyr Trp Thr 995 1000 1005 Lys Thr Ile Glu Lys Lys Leu Ala Asn Leu Ile Asn Ala Glu Glu 1010 1015 1020 Arg Arg Asp Val Ser Leu Lys Asp Cys Met Arg Arg Leu Phe Tyr 1025 1030 1035 Asn Phe Asp Lys Asn Tyr Lys Asp Trp Gln Ser Ala Val Glu Cys 1040 1045 1050 Ile Ala Val Leu Asp Val Leu Leu Cys Leu Ala Asn Tyr Ser Arg 1055 1060 1065 Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Met Cys Arg Pro Val Ile Leu Leu Pro Glu 1070 1075 1080 Asp Thr Pro Pro Phe Leu Glu Leu Lys Gly Ser Arg His Pro Cys 1085 1090 1095 Ile Thr Lys Thr Phe Phe Gly Asp Asp Phe Ile Pro Asn Asp Ile 1100 1105 1110 Leu Ile Gly Cys Glu Glu Glu Glu Gln Glu Asn Gly Lys Ala Tyr 1115 1120 1125 Cys Val Leu Val Thr Gly Pro Asn Met Gly Gly Lys Ser Thr Leu 1130 1135 1140 Met Arg Gln Ala Gly Leu Leu Ala Val Met Ala Gln Met Gly Cys 1145 1150 1155 Tyr Val Pro Ala Glu Val Cys Arg Leu Thr Pro Ile Asp Arg Val 1160 1165 1170 Phe Thr Arg Leu Gly Ala Ser Asp Arg Ile Met Ser Gly Glu Ser 1175 1180 1185 Thr Phe Phe Val Glu Leu Ser Glu Thr Ala Ser Ile Leu Met His 1190 1195 1200 Ala Thr Ala His Ser Leu Val Leu Val Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly 1205 1210 1215 Thr Ala Thr Phe Asp Gly Thr Ala Ile Ala Asn Ala Val Val Lys 1220 1225 1230 Glu Leu Ala Glu Thr Ile Lys Cys Arg Thr Leu Phe Ser Thr His 1235 1240 1245 Tyr His Ser Leu Val Glu Asp Tyr Ser Gln Asn Val Ala Val Arg 1250 1255 1260 Leu Gly His Met Ala Cys Met Val Glu Asn Glu Cys Glu Asp Pro 1265 1270 1275 Ser Gln Glu Thr Ile Thr Phe Leu Tyr Lys Phe Ile Lys Gly Ala 1280 1285 1290 Cys Pro Lys Ser Tyr Gly Phe Asn Ala Ala Arg Leu Ala Asn Leu 1295 1300 1305 Pro Glu Glu Val Ile Gln Lys Gly His Arg Lys Ala Arg Glu Phe 1310 1315 1320 Glu Lys Met Asn Gln Ser Leu Arg Leu Phe Arg Glu Val Cys Leu 1325 1330 1335 Ala Ser Glu Arg Ser Thr Val Asp Ala Glu Ala Val His Lys Leu 1340 1345 1350 Leu Thr Leu Ile Lys Glu Leu 1355 1360 25 1445 DNA Homo sapiens 25 tttttttttt tgatgttctc cagtgcctca gtggcagcag aactggccct gtatcaggcc 60 gctaccgcca ctccatgacc aacctccctg catacccccc cccccagcac ccctcccaca 120 ggaccgcttc tgtgtttggg acccaccagg cctttgcacc atacaacaaa ccctcactct 180 ccggggcccg gtctgcgccc aggctgaaca ccacgaacgc ctgggacgca gctcctcctt 240 ccctggggag ccagcccctc taccgctcca gcctctccca cctgggaccg cagcacctgc 300 ccccaggatc ctccacctcc ggtgcagtca gtgcctccct ccccagcggt ccctcaagca 360 gcccaggcga gcgtccctgc cactgtgccc atgcagatgc caagccagca gagtcagcag 420 gcgctcgctg gagcgacccg aagccagagc agagcagagc aggtcataaa actacacgga 480 agagctgaaa gtgcccccag atgaggactg catcatctgc atggagaagc tgtccgcagc 540 gtctggatac agcgatgtga ctgacagcaa ggcaatgggg cccctggctg tgggctgcct 600 caccaagtgc agccacgcct tccacctgct gtgcctcctg gccatgtact gcaacggcaa 660 taagggccct gagcacccca atcccggaaa gccgttcact gccagagggt ttcccgccag 720 tgctaccttc cagacaacgc cagggccgca agcctccagg ggcttccaga acccggagac 780 actggctgac attccggcct ccccacagct gctgaccgat ggccactaca tgacgctgcc 840 cgtgtctccg gaccagctgc cctgtgacga ccccatggcg ggcagcggag gcgcccccgt 900 gctgcgggtg ggccatgacc acggctgcca ccagcagcca cgtatctgca acgcgcccct 960 ccctggccct ggaccctatc gtacagaacc tgctaaggcc atcaaaccta ttgatcggaa 1020 gtcagtccat cagatttgct ctgggccagt ggtactgagt ctaagcactg cagtgaagga 1080 gttagtagaa aacagtctgg atgctggtgc cactaatatt gatctaaagc ttaaggacta 1140 tggaatggat ctcattgaag tttcaggcaa tggatgtggg gtagaagaag aaaacttcga 1200 aggcttaatg atgtcaccat ttctacctgc cacgtctcgg cgaaggttgg gactcgactg 1260 gtgtttgatc acgatgggaa aatcatccag aagaccccct acccccaccc cagagggacc 1320 acagtcagcg tgaagcagtt attttctacg ctacctgtgc gccataagga atttcaaagg 1380 aatattaaga agaaacatgc tgcttcccct tcgccttctg ccgtgattgt cagttttaac 1440 cggaa 1445 26 270 PRT Homo sapiens 26 Met Glu Lys Leu Ser Ala Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ser Asp Val Thr Asp Ser 1 5 10 15 Lys Ala Met Gly Pro Leu Ala Val Gly Cys Leu Thr Lys Cys Ser His 20 25 30 Ala Phe His Leu Leu Cys Leu Leu Ala Met Tyr Cys Asn Gly Asn Lys 35 40 45 Gly Pro Glu His Pro Asn Pro Gly Lys Pro Phe Thr Ala Arg Gly Phe 50 55 60 Pro Ala Ser Ala Thr Phe Gln Thr Thr Pro Gly Pro Gln Ala Ser Arg 65 70 75 80 Gly Phe Gln Asn Pro Glu Thr Leu Ala Asp Ile Pro Ala Ser Pro Gln 85 90 95 Leu Leu Thr Asp Gly His Tyr Met Thr Leu Pro Val Ser Pro Asp Gln 100 105 110 Leu Pro Cys Asp Asp Pro Met Ala Gly Ser Gly Gly Ala Pro Val Leu 115 120 125 Arg Val Gly His Asp His Gly Cys His Gln Gln Pro Arg Ile Cys Asn 130 135 140 Ala Pro Leu Pro Gly Pro Gly Pro Tyr Arg Thr Glu Pro Ala Lys Ala 145 150 155 160 Ile Lys Pro Ile Asp Arg Lys Ser Val His Gln Ile Cys Ser Gly Pro 165 170 175 Val Val Leu Ser Leu Ser Thr Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val Glu Asn Ser 180 185 190 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Asn Ile Asp Leu Lys Leu Lys Asp Tyr Gly 195 200 205 Met Asp Leu Ile Glu Val Ser Gly Asn Gly Cys Gly Val Glu Glu Glu 210 215 220 Asn Phe Glu Gly Leu Met Met Ser Pro Phe Leu Pro Ala Thr Ser Arg 225 230 235 240 Arg Arg Leu Gly Leu Asp Trp Cys Leu Ile Thr Met Gly Lys Ser Ser 245 250 255 Arg Arg Pro Pro Thr Pro Thr Pro Glu Gly Pro Gln Ser Ala 260 265 270 27 795 DNA Homo sapiens 27 atgtgtcctt ggcggcctag actaggccgt cgctgtatgg tgagccccag ggaggcggat 60 ctgggccccc agaaggacac ccgcctggat ttgccccgta gcccggcccg ggcccctcgg 120 gagcagaaca gccttggtga ggtggacagg aggggacctc gcgagcagac gcgcgcgcca 180 gcgacagcag ccccgccccg gcctctcggg agccgggggg cagaggctgc ggagccccag 240 gagggtctat cagccacagt ctctgcatgt ttccaagagc aacaggaaat gaacacattg 300 caggggccag tgtcattcaa agatgtggct gtggatttca cccaggagga gtggcggcaa 360 ctggaccctg atgagaagat agcatacggg gatgtgatgt tggagaacta cagccatcta 420 gtttctgtgg ggtatgatta tcaccaagcc aaacatcatc atggagtgga ggtgaaggaa 480 gtggagcagg gagaggagcc gtggataatg gaaggtgaat ttccatgtca acatagtcca 540 gaacctgcta aggccatcaa acctattgat cggaagtcag tccatcagat ttgctctggg 600 ccagtggtac tgagtctaag cactgcagtg aaggagttag tagaaaacag tctggatgct 660 ggtgccacta atattgatct aaagcttaag gactatggag tggatctcat tgaagtttca 720 gacaatggat gtggggtaga agaagaaaac tttgaaggct taatctcttt cagctctgaa 780 acatcacaca tgtaa 795 28 260 PRT Homo sapiens 28 Met Cys Pro Trp Arg Pro Arg Leu Gly Arg Arg Cys Met Val Ser Pro 1 5 10 15 Arg Glu Ala Asp Leu Gly Pro Gln Lys Asp Thr Arg Leu Asp Leu Pro 20 25 30 Arg Ser Pro Ala Arg Ala Pro Arg Glu Gln Asn Ser Leu Gly Glu Val 35 40 45 Asp Arg Arg Gly Pro Arg Glu Gln Thr Arg Ala Pro Ala Thr Ala Ala 50 55 60 Pro Pro Arg Pro Leu Gly Ser Arg Gly Ala Glu Ala Ala Glu Pro Gln 65 70 75 80 Glu Gly Leu Ser Ala Thr Val Ser Ala Cys Phe Gln Glu Gln Gln Glu 85 90 95 Met Asn Thr Leu Gln Gly Pro Val Ser Phe Lys Asp Val Ala Val Asp 100 105 110 Phe Thr Gln Glu Glu Trp Arg Gln Leu Asp Pro Asp Glu Lys Ile Ala 115 120 125 Tyr Gly Asp Val Met Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ser His Leu Val Ser Val Gly 130 135 140 Tyr Asp Tyr His Gln Ala Lys His His His Gly Val Glu Val Lys Glu 145 150 155 160 Val Glu Gln Gly Glu Glu Pro Trp Ile Met Glu Gly Glu Phe Pro Cys 165 170 175 Gln His Ser Pro Glu Pro Ala Lys Ala Ile Lys Pro Ile Asp Arg Lys 180 185 190 Ser Val His Gln Ile Cys Ser Gly Pro Val Val Leu Ser Leu Ser Thr 195 200 205 Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val Glu Asn Ser Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Asn 210 215 220 Ile Asp Leu Lys Leu Lys Asp Tyr Gly Val Asp Leu Ile Glu Val Ser 225 230 235 240 Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Val Glu Glu Glu Asn Phe Glu Gly Leu Ile Ser 245 250 255 Phe Ser Ser Glu 260 29 3218 DNA Saccharomyces cerevisiae 29 aaataggaat gtgatacctt ctattgcatg caaagatagt gtaggaggcg ctgctattgc 60 caaagacttt tgagaccgct tgctgtttca ttatagttga ggagttctcg aagacgagaa 120 attagcagtt ttcggtgttt agtaatcgcg ctagcatgct aggacaattt aactgcaaaa 180 ttttgatacg atagtgatag taaatggaag gtaaaaataa catagaccta tcaataagca 240 atgtctctca gaataaaagc acttgatgca tcagtggtta acaaaattgc tgcaggtgag 300 atcataatat cccccgtaaa tgctctcaaa gaaatgatgg agaattccat cgatgcgaat 360 gctacaatga ttgatattct agtcaaggaa ggaggaatta aggtacttca aataacagat 420 aacggatctg gaattaataa agcagacctg ccaatcttat gtgagcgatt cacgacgtcc 480 aaattacaaa aattcgaaga tttgagtcag attcaaacgt atggattccg aggagaagct 540 ttagccagta tctcacatgt ggcaagagtc acagtaacga caaaagttaa agaagacaga 600 tgtgcatgga gagtttcata tgcagaaggt aagatgttgg aaagccccaa acctgttgct 660 ggaaaagacg gtaccacgat cctagttgaa gacctttttt tcaatattcc ttctagatta 720 agggccttga ggtcccataa tgatgaatac tctaaaatat tagatgttgt cgggcgatac 780 gccattcatt ccaaggacat tggcttttct tgtaaaaagt tcggagactc taattattct 840 ttatcagtta aaccttcata tacagtccag gataggatta ggactgtgtt caataaatct 900 gtggcttcga atttaattac ttttcatatc agcaaagtag aagatttaaa cctggaaagc 960 gttgatggaa aggtgtgtaa tttgaatttc atatccaaaa agtccatttc attaattttt 1020 ttcattaata atagactagt gacatgtgat cttctaagaa gagctttgaa cagcgtttac 1080 tccaattatc tgccaaaggg cttcagacct tttatttatt tgggaattgt tatagatccg 1140 gcggctgttg atgttaacgt tcacccgaca aagagagagg ttcgtttcct gagccaagat 1200 gagatcatag agaaaatcgc caatcaattg cacgccgaat tatctgccat tgatacttca 1260 cgtactttca aggcttcttc aatttcaaca aacaagccag agtcattgat accatttaat 1320 gacaccatag aaagtgatag gaataggaag agtctccgac aagcccaagt ggtagagaat 1380 tcatatacga cagccaatag tcaactaagg aaagcgaaaa gacaagagaa taaactagtc 1440 agaatagatg cttcacaagc taaaattacg tcatttttat cctcaagtca acagttcaac 1500 tttgaaggat cgtctacaaa gcgacaactg agtgaaccca aggtaacaaa tgtaagccac 1560 tcccaagagg cagaaaagct gacactaaat gaaagcgaac aaccgcgtga tgccaataca 1620 atcaatgata atgacttgaa ggatcaacct aagaagaaac aaaagttggg ggattataaa 1680 gttccaagca ttgccgatga cgaaaagaat gcactcccga tttcaaaaga cgggtatatt 1740 agagtaccta aggagcgagt taatgttaat cttacgagta tcaagaaatt gcgtgaaaaa 1800 gtagatgatt cgatacatcg agaactaaca gacatttttg caaatttgaa ttacgttggg 1860 gttgtagatg aggaaagaag attagccgct attcagcatg acttaaagct ttttttaata 1920 gattacggat ctgtgtgcta tgagctattc tatcagattg gtttgacaga cttcgcaaac 1980 tttggtaaga taaacctaca gagtacaaat gtgtcagatg atatagtttt gtataatctc 2040 ctatcagaat ttgacgagtt aaatgacgat gcttccaaag aaaaaataat tagtaaaata 2100 tgggacatga gcagtatgct aaatgagtac tattccatag aattggtgaa tgatggtcta 2160 gataatgact taaagtctgt gaagctaaaa tctctaccac tacttttaaa aggctacatt 2220 ccatctctgg tcaagttacc attttttata tatcgcctgg gtaaagaagt tgattgggag 2280 gatgaacaag agtgtctaga tggtatttta agagagattg cattactcta tatacctgat 2340 atggttccga aagtcgatac actcgatgca tcgttgtcag aagacgaaaa agcccagttt 2400 ataaatagaa aggaacacat atcctcatta ctagaacacg ttctcttccc ttgtatcaaa 2460 cgaaggttcc tggcccctag acacattctc aaggatgtcg tggaaatagc caaccttcca 2520 gatctataca aagtttttga gaggtgttaa ctttaaaacg ttttggctgt aataccaaag 2580 tttttgttta tttcctgagt gtgattgtgt ttcatttgaa agtgtatgcc ctttccttta 2640 acgattcatc cgcgagattt caaaggatat gaaatatggt tgcagttagg aaagtatgtc 2700 agaaatgtat attcggattg aaactcttct aatagttctg aagtcacttg gttccgtatt 2760 gttttcgtcc tcttcctcaa gcaacgattc ttgtctaagc ttattcaacg gtaccaaaga 2820 cccgagtcct tttatgagag aaaacatttc atcatttttc aactcaatta tcttaatatc 2880 attttgtagt attttgaaaa caggatggta aaacgaatca cctgaatcta gaagctgtac 2940 cttgtcccat aaaagtttta atttactgag cctttcggtc aagtaaacta gtttatctag 3000 ttttgaaccg aatattgtgg gcagatttgc agtaagttca gttagatcta ctaaaagttg 3060 tttgacagca gccgattcca caaaaatttg gtaaaaggag atgaaagaga cctcgcgcgt 3120 aatggtttgc atcaccatcg gatgtctgtt gaaaaactca ctttttgcat ggaagttatt 3180 aacaataaga ctaatgatta ccttagaata atgtataa 3218 30 769 PRT Saccharomyces cerevisiae 30 Met Ser Leu Arg Ile Lys Ala Leu Asp Ala Ser Val Val Asn Lys Ile 1 5 10 15 Ala Ala Gly Glu Ile Ile Ile Ser Pro Val Asn Ala Leu Lys Glu Met 20 25 30 Met Glu Asn Ser Ile Asp Ala Asn Ala Thr Met Ile Asp Ile Leu Val 35 40 45 Lys Glu Gly Gly Ile Lys Val Leu Gln Ile Thr Asp Asn Gly Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ile Asn Lys Ala Asp Leu Pro Ile Leu Cys Glu Arg Phe Thr Thr Ser 65 70 75 80 Lys Leu Gln Lys Phe Glu Asp Leu Ser Gln Ile Gln Thr Tyr Gly Phe 85 90 95 Arg Gly Glu Ala Leu Ala Ser Ile Ser His Val Ala Arg Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Thr Thr Lys Val Lys Glu Asp Arg Cys Ala Trp Arg Val Ser Tyr Ala 115 120 125 Glu Gly Lys Met Leu Glu Ser Pro Lys Pro Val Ala Gly Lys Asp Gly 130 135 140 Thr Thr Ile Leu Val Glu Asp Leu Phe Phe Asn Ile Pro Ser Arg Leu 145 150 155 160 Arg Ala Leu Arg Ser His Asn Asp Glu Tyr Ser Lys Ile Leu Asp Val 165 170 175 Val Gly Arg Tyr Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Phe Ser Cys Lys 180 185 190 Lys Phe Gly Asp Ser Asn Tyr Ser Leu Ser Val Lys Pro Ser Tyr Thr 195 200 205 Val Gln Asp Arg Ile Arg Thr Val Phe Asn Lys Ser Val Ala Ser Asn 210 215 220 Leu Ile Thr Phe His Ile Ser Lys Val Glu Asp Leu Asn Leu Glu Ser 225 230 235 240 Val Asp Gly Lys Val Cys Asn Leu Asn Phe Ile Ser Lys Lys Ser Ile 245 250 255 Ser Leu Ile Phe Phe Ile Asn Asn Arg Leu Val Thr Cys Asp Leu Leu 260 265 270 Arg Arg Ala Leu Asn Ser Val Tyr Ser Asn Tyr Leu Pro Lys Gly Phe 275 280 285 Arg Pro Phe Ile Tyr Leu Gly Ile Val Ile Asp Pro Ala Ala Val Asp 290 295 300 Val Asn Val His Pro Thr Lys Arg Glu Val Arg Phe Leu Ser Gln Asp 305 310 315 320 Glu Ile Ile Glu Lys Ile Ala Asn Gln Leu His Ala Glu Leu Ser Ala 325 330 335 Ile Asp Thr Ser Arg Thr Phe Lys Ala Ser Ser Ile Ser Thr Asn Lys 340 345 350 Pro Glu Ser Leu Ile Pro Phe Asn Asp Thr Ile Glu Ser Asp Arg Asn 355 360 365 Arg Lys Ser Leu Arg Gln Ala Gln Val Val Glu Asn Ser Tyr Thr Thr 370 375 380 Ala Asn Ser Gln Leu Arg Lys Ala Lys Arg Gln Glu Asn Lys Leu Val 385 390 395 400 Arg Ile Asp Ala Ser Gln Ala Lys Ile Thr Ser Phe Leu Ser Ser Ser 405 410 415 Gln Gln Phe Asn Phe Glu Gly Ser Ser Thr Lys Arg Gln Leu Ser Glu 420 425 430 Pro Lys Val Thr Asn Val Ser His Ser Gln Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Thr 435 440 445 Leu Asn Glu Ser Glu Gln Pro Arg Asp Ala Asn Thr Ile Asn Asp Asn 450 455 460 Asp Leu Lys Asp Gln Pro Lys Lys Lys Gln Lys Leu Gly Asp Tyr Lys 465 470 475 480 Val Pro Ser Ile Ala Asp Asp Glu Lys Asn Ala Leu Pro Ile Ser Lys 485 490 495 Asp Gly Tyr Ile Arg Val Pro Lys Glu Arg Val Asn Val Asn Leu Thr 500 505 510 Ser Ile Lys Lys Leu Arg Glu Lys Val Asp Asp Ser Ile His Arg Glu 515 520 525 Leu Thr Asp Ile Phe Ala Asn Leu Asn Tyr Val Gly Val Val Asp Glu 530 535 540 Glu Arg Arg Leu Ala Ala Ile Gln His Asp Leu Lys Leu Phe Leu Ile 545 550 555 560 Asp Tyr Gly Ser Val Cys Tyr Glu Leu Phe Tyr Gln Ile Gly Leu Thr 565 570 575 Asp Phe Ala Asn Phe Gly Lys Ile Asn Leu Gln Ser Thr Asn Val Ser 580 585 590 Asp Asp Ile Val Leu Tyr Asn Leu Leu Ser Glu Phe Asp Glu Leu Asn 595 600 605 Asp Asp Ala Ser Lys Glu Lys Ile Ile Ser Lys Ile Trp Asp Met Ser 610 615 620 Ser Met Leu Asn Glu Tyr Tyr Ser Ile Glu Leu Val Asn Asp Gly Leu 625 630 635 640 Asp Asn Asp Leu Lys Ser Val Lys Leu Lys Ser Leu Pro Leu Leu Leu 645 650 655 Lys Gly Tyr Ile Pro Ser Leu Val Lys Leu Pro Phe Phe Ile Tyr Arg 660 665 670 Leu Gly Lys Glu Val Asp Trp Glu Asp Glu Gln Glu Cys Leu Asp Gly 675 680 685 Ile Leu Arg Glu Ile Ala Leu Leu Tyr Ile Pro Asp Met Val Pro Lys 690 695 700 Val Asp Thr Leu Asp Ala Ser Leu Ser Glu Asp Glu Lys Ala Gln Phe 705 710 715 720 Ile Asn Arg Lys Glu His Ile Ser Ser Leu Leu Glu His Val Leu Phe 725 730 735 Pro Cys Ile Lys Arg Arg Phe Leu Ala Pro Arg His Ile Leu Lys Asp 740 745 750 Val Val Glu Ile Ala Asn Leu Pro Asp Leu Tyr Lys Val Phe Glu Arg 755 760 765 Cys 31 3056 DNA Mus musculus 31 gaattccggt gaaggtcctg aagaatttcc agattcctga gtatcattgg aggagacaga 60 taacctgtcg tcaggtaacg atggtgtata tgcaacagaa atgggtgttc ctggagacgc 120 gtcttttccc gagagcggca ccgcaactct cccgcggtga ctgtgactgg aggagtcctg 180 catccatgga gcaaaccgaa ggcgtgagta cagaatgtgc taaggccatc aagcctattg 240 atgggaagtc agtccatcaa atttgttctg ggcaggtgat actcagttta agcaccgctg 300 tgaaggagtt gatagaaaat agtgtagatg ctggtgctac tactattgat ctaaggctta 360 aagactatgg ggtggacctc attgaagttt cagacaatgg atgtggggta gaagaagaaa 420 actttgaagg tctagctctg aaacatcaca catctaagat tcaagagttt gccgacctca 480 cgcaggttga aactttcggc tttcgggggg aagctctgag ctctctgtgt gcactaagtg 540 atgtcactat atctacctgc cacgggtctg caagcgttgg gactcgactg gtgtttgacc 600 ataatgggaa aatcacccag aaaactccct acccccgacc taaaggaacc acagtcagtg 660 tgcagcactt attttataca ctacccgtgc gttacaaaga gtttcagagg aacattaaaa 720 aggagtattc caaaatggtg caggtcttac aggcgtactg tatcatctca gcaggcgtcc 780 gtgtaagctg cactaatcag ctcggacagg ggaagcggca cgctgtggtg tgcacaagcg 840 gcacgtctgg catgaaggaa aatatcgggt ctgtgtttgg ccagaagcag ttgcaaagcc 900 tcattccttt tgttcagctg ccccctagtg acgctgtgtg tgaagagtac ggcctgagca 960 cttcaggacg ccacaaaacc ttttctacgt ttcgggcttc atttcacagt gcacgcacgg 1020 cgccgggagg agtgcaacag acaggcagtt tttcttcatc aatcagaggc cctgtgaccc 1080 agcaaaggtc tctaagcttg tcaatgaggt tttatcacat gtataaccgg catcagtacc 1140 catttgtcgt ccttaacgtt tccgttgact cagaatgtgt ggatattaat gtaactccag 1200 ataaaaggca aattctacta caagaagaga agctattgct ggccgtttta aagacctcct 1260 tgataggaat gtttgacagt gatgcaaaca agcttaatgt caaccagcag ccactgctag 1320 atgttgaagg taacttagta aagctgcata ctgcagaact agaaaagcct gtgccaggaa 1380 agcaagataa ctctccttca ctgaagagca cagcagacga gaaaagggta gcatccatct 1440 ccaggctgag agaggccttt tctcttcatc ctactaaaga gatcaagtct aggggtccag 1500 agactgctga actgacacgg agttttccaa gtgagaaaag gggcgtgtta tcctcttatc 1560 cttcagacgt catctcttac agaggcctcc gtggctcgca ggacaaattg gtgagtccca 1620 cggacagccc tggtgactgt atggacagag agaaaataga aaaagactca gggctcagca 1680 gcacctcagc tggctctgag gaagagttca gcaccccaga agtggccagt agctttagca 1740 gtgactataa cgtgagctcc ctagaagaca gaccttctca ggaaaccata aactgtggtg 1800 acctggactg ccgtcctcca ggtacaggac agtccttgaa gccagaagac catggatatc 1860 aatgcaaagc tctacctcta gctcgtctgt cacccacaaa tgccaagcgc ttcaagacag 1920 aggaaagacc ctcaaatgtc aacatttctc aaagattgcc tggtcctcag agcacctcag 1980 cagctgaggt cgatgtagcc ataaaaatga ataagagaat cgtgctcctc gagttctctc 2040 tgagttctct agctaagcga atgaagcagt tacagcacct aaaggcgcag aacaaacatg 2100 aactgagtta cagaaaattt agggccaaga tttgccctgg agaaaaccaa gcagcagaag 2160 atgaactcag aaaagagatt agtaaatcga tgtttgcaga gatggagatc ttgggtcagt 2220 ttaacctggg atttatagta accaaactga aagaggacct cttcctggtg gaccagcatg 2280 ctgcggatga gaagtacaac tttgagatgc tgcagcagca cacggtgctc caggcgcaga 2340 ggctcatcac accccagact ctgaacttaa ctgctgtcaa tgaagctgta ctgatagaaa 2400 atctggaaat attcagaaag aatggctttg actttgtcat tgatgaggat gctccagtca 2460 ctgaaagggc taaattgatt tccttaccaa ctagtaaaaa ctggaccttt ggaccccaag 2520 atatagatga actgatcttt atgttaagtg acagccctgg ggtcatgtgc cggccctcac 2580 gagtcagaca gatgtttgct tccagagcct gtcggaagtc agtgatgatt ggaacggcgc 2640 tcaatgcgag cgagatgaag aagctcatca cccacatggg tgagatggac cacccctgga 2700 actgccccca cggcaggcca accatgaggc acgttgccaa tctggatgtc atctctcaga 2760 actgacacac cccttgtagc atagagttta ttacagattg ttcggtttgc aaagagaagg 2820 ttttaagtaa tctgattatc gttgtacaaa aattagcatg ctgctttaat gtactggatc 2880 catttaaaag cagtgttaag gcaggcatga tggagtgttc ctctagctca gctacttggg 2940 tgatccggtg ggagctcatg tgagcccagg actttgagac cactccgagc cacattcatg 3000 agactcaatt caaggacaaa aaaaaaaaga tatttttgaa gccttttaaa aaaaaa 3056 32 859 PRT Mus musculus 32 Met Glu Gln Thr Glu Gly Val Ser Thr Glu Cys Ala Lys Ala Ile Lys 1 5 10 15 Pro Ile Asp Gly Lys Ser Val His Gln Ile Cys Ser Gly Gln Val Ile 20 25 30 Leu Ser Leu Ser Thr Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Ile Glu Asn Ser Val Asp 35 40 45 Ala Gly Ala Thr Thr Ile Asp Leu Arg Leu Lys Asp Tyr Gly Val Asp 50 55 60 Leu Ile Glu Val Ser Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Val Glu Glu Glu Asn Phe 65 70 75 80 Glu Gly Leu Ala Leu Lys His His Thr Ser Lys Ile Gln Glu Phe Ala 85 90 95 Asp Leu Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Phe Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser 100 105 110 Ser Leu Cys Ala Leu Ser Asp Val Thr Ile Ser Thr Cys His Gly Ser 115 120 125 Ala Ser Val Gly Thr Arg Leu Val Phe Asp His Asn Gly Lys Ile Thr 130 135 140 Gln Lys Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Pro Lys Gly Thr Thr Val Ser Val Gln 145 150 155 160 His Leu Phe Tyr Thr Leu Pro Val Arg Tyr Lys Glu Phe Gln Arg Asn 165 170 175 Ile Lys Lys Glu Tyr Ser Lys Met Val Gln Val Leu Gln Ala Tyr Cys 180 185 190 Ile Ile Ser Ala Gly Val Arg Val Ser Cys Thr Asn Gln Leu Gly Gln 195 200 205 Gly Lys Arg His Ala Val Val Cys Thr Ser Gly Thr Ser Gly Met Lys 210 215 220 Glu Asn Ile Gly Ser Val Phe Gly Gln Lys Gln Leu Gln Ser Leu Ile 225 230 235 240 Pro Phe Val Gln Leu Pro Pro Ser Asp Ala Val Cys Glu Glu Tyr Gly 245 250 255 Leu Ser Thr Ser Gly Arg His Lys Thr Phe Ser Thr Phe Arg Ala Ser 260 265 270 Phe His Ser Ala Arg Thr Ala Pro Gly Gly Val Gln Gln Thr Gly Ser 275 280 285 Phe Ser Ser Ser Ile Arg Gly Pro Val Thr Gln Gln Arg Ser Leu Ser 290 295 300 Leu Ser Met Arg Phe Tyr His Met Tyr Asn Arg His Gln Tyr Pro Phe 305 310 315 320 Val Val Leu Asn Val Ser Val Asp Ser Glu Cys Val Asp Ile Asn Val 325 330 335 Thr Pro Asp Lys Arg Gln Ile Leu Leu Gln Glu Glu Lys Leu Leu Leu 340 345 350 Ala Val Leu Lys Thr Ser Leu Ile Gly Met Phe Asp Ser Asp Ala Asn 355 360 365 Lys Leu Asn Val Asn Gln Gln Pro Leu Leu Asp Val Glu Gly Asn Leu 370 375 380 Val Lys Leu His Thr Ala Glu Leu Glu Lys Pro Val Pro Gly Lys Gln 385 390 395 400 Asp Asn Ser Pro Ser Leu Lys Ser Thr Ala Asp Glu Lys Arg Val Ala 405 410 415 Ser Ile Ser Arg Leu Arg Glu Ala Phe Ser Leu His Pro Thr Lys Glu 420 425 430 Ile Lys Ser Arg Gly Pro Glu Thr Ala Glu Leu Thr Arg Ser Phe Pro 435 440 445 Ser Glu Lys Arg Gly Val Leu Ser Ser Tyr Pro Ser Asp Val Ile Ser 450 455 460 Tyr Arg Gly Leu Arg Gly Ser Gln Asp Lys Leu Val Ser Pro Thr Asp 465 470 475 480 Ser Pro Gly Asp Cys Met Asp Arg Glu Lys Ile Glu Lys Asp Ser Gly 485 490 495 Leu Ser Ser Thr Ser Ala Gly Ser Glu Glu Glu Phe Ser Thr Pro Glu 500 505 510 Val Ala Ser Ser Phe Ser Ser Asp Tyr Asn Val Ser Ser Leu Glu Asp 515 520 525 Arg Pro Ser Gln Glu Thr Ile Asn Cys Gly Asp Leu Asp Cys Arg Pro 530 535 540 Pro Gly Thr Gly Gln Ser Leu Lys Pro Glu Asp His Gly Tyr Gln Cys 545 550 555 560 Lys Ala Leu Pro Leu Ala Arg Leu Ser Pro Thr Asn Ala Lys Arg Phe 565 570 575 Lys Thr Glu Glu Arg Pro Ser Asn Val Asn Ile Ser Gln Arg Leu Pro 580 585 590 Gly Pro Gln Ser Thr Ser Ala Ala Glu Val Asp Val Ala Ile Lys Met 595 600 605 Asn Lys Arg Ile Val Leu Leu Glu Phe Ser Leu Ser Ser Leu Ala Lys 610 615 620 Arg Met Lys Gln Leu Gln His Leu Lys Ala Gln Asn Lys His Glu Leu 625 630 635 640 Ser Tyr Arg Lys Phe Arg Ala Lys Ile Cys Pro Gly Glu Asn Gln Ala 645 650 655 Ala Glu Asp Glu Leu Arg Lys Glu Ile Ser Lys Ser Met Phe Ala Glu 660 665 670 Met Glu Ile Leu Gly Gln Phe Asn Leu Gly Phe Ile Val Thr Lys Leu 675 680 685 Lys Glu Asp Leu Phe Leu Val Asp Gln His Ala Ala Asp Glu Lys Tyr 690 695 700 Asn Phe Glu Met Leu Gln Gln His Thr Val Leu Gln Ala Gln Arg Leu 705 710 715 720 Ile Thr Pro Gln Thr Leu Asn Leu Thr Ala Val Asn Glu Ala Val Leu 725 730 735 Ile Glu Asn Leu Glu Ile Phe Arg Lys Asn Gly Phe Asp Phe Val Ile 740 745 750 Asp Glu Asp Ala Pro Val Thr Glu Arg Ala Lys Leu Ile Ser Leu Pro 755 760 765 Thr Ser Lys Asn Trp Thr Phe Gly Pro Gln Asp Ile Asp Glu Leu Ile 770 775 780 Phe Met Leu Ser Asp Ser Pro Gly Val Met Cys Arg Pro Ser Arg Val 785 790 795 800 Arg Gln Met Phe Ala Ser Arg Ala Cys Arg Lys Ser Val Met Ile Gly 805 810 815 Thr Ala Leu Asn Ala Ser Glu Met Lys Lys Leu Ile Thr His Met Gly 820 825 830 Glu Met Asp His Pro Trp Asn Cys Pro His Gly Arg Pro Thr Met Arg 835 840 845 His Val Ala Asn Leu Asp Val Ile Ser Gln Asn 850 855 33 399 DNA Mus musculus 33 atggagcaaa ccgaaggcgt gagtacagaa tgtgctaagg ccatcaagcc tattgatggg 60 aagtcagtcc atcaaatttg ttctgggcag gtgatactca gtttaagcac cgctgtgaag 120 gagttgatag aaaatagtgt agatgctggt gctactacta ttgatctaag gcttaaagac 180 tatggggtgg acctcattga agtttcagac aatggatgtg gggtagaaga agaaaacttt 240 gaaggtctag ctctgaaaca tcacacatct aagattcaag agtttgccga cctcacgcag 300 gttgaaactt tcggctttcg gggggaagct ctgagctctc tgtgtgcact aagtgatgtc 360 actatatcta cctgccacgg gtctgcaagc gttgggact 399 34 133 PRT Mus musculus 34 Met Glu Gln Thr Glu Gly Val Ser Thr Glu Cys Ala Lys Ala Ile Lys 1 5 10 15 Pro Ile Asp Gly Lys Ser Val His Gln Ile Cys Ser Gly Gln Val Ile 20 25 30 Leu Ser Leu Ser Thr Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Ile Glu Asn Ser Val Asp 35 40 45 Ala Gly Ala Thr Thr Ile Asp Leu Arg Leu Lys Asp Tyr Gly Val Asp 50 55 60 Leu Ile Glu Val Ser Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Val Glu Glu Glu Asn Phe 65 70 75 80 Glu Gly Leu Ala Leu Lys His His Thr Ser Lys Ile Gln Glu Phe Ala 85 90 95 Asp Leu Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Phe Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser 100 105 110 Ser Leu Cys Ala Leu Ser Asp Val Thr Ile Ser Thr Cys His Gly Ser 115 120 125 Ala Ser Val Gly Thr 130 35 3099 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 35 gtcttcttct tcatccttgt ctcaccttcg attttggcgg caaaacataa accctaaggg 60 ttttctcact ctctctctct cttctcacac acacagtccc agagtacggt ggtgttgatt 120 cgattgagga gattcatctg tttatagggt ttagcaaatg caaggagatt cttctccgtc 180 tccgacgact actagctctc ctttgataag acctataaac agaaacgtaa ttcacagaat 240 ctgttccggt caagtcatct tagacctctc ttcggccgtc aaggagcttg tcgagaatag 300 tctcgacgcc ggcgccacca gtatagagat taacctccga gactacggcg aagactattt 360 tcaggtcatt gacaatggtt gtggcatttc cccaaccaat ttcaaggttc ttgcacttaa 420 gcatcatact tctaaattag aggatttcac agatcttttg aatttgacta cttatggttt 480 tagaggagaa gccttgagct ctctctgtgc attgggaaat ctcactgtgg aaacaagaac 540 aaagaatgag ccagttgcta cgctcttgac gtttgatcat tctggtttgc ttactgctga 600 aaagaagact gctcgccaaa ttggtaccac tgtcactgtt aggaagttgt tctctaattt 660 acctgtacga agcaaagagt ttaagcggaa tatacgcaaa gaatatggga agcttgtatc 720 tttattgaac gcatatgcgc ttattgcgaa aggagtgcgg tttgtctgct ctaacacgac 780 tgggaaaaac ccaaagtctg ttgtgctgaa cacacaaggg aggggttcac ttaaagataa 840 tatcataaca gttttcggca ttagtacctt tacaagtcta cagcctgtaa gtatatgtgt 900 atcagaagat tgtagagttg aagggtttct ttccaagcct ggacagggta ctggacgcaa 960 tttagcagat cgacagtatt tctttataaa tggtcggcct gtagatatgc caaaagtcag 1020 caagttggtg aatgagttat ataaagatac aagttctcgg aaatatccag ttaccattct 1080 ggattttatt gtgcctggtg gagcatgtga tttgaatgtc acgcccgata aaagaaaggt 1140 gttcttttct gacgagactt ctgttatcgg ttctttgagg gaaggtctga acgagatata 1200 ttcctccagt aatgcgtctt atattgttaa taggttcgag gagaattcgg agcaaccaga 1260 taaggctgga gtttcgtcgt ttcagaagaa atcaaatctt ttgtcagaag ggatagttct 1320 ggatgtcagt tctaaaacaa gactagggga agctattgag aaagaaaatc catccttaag 1380 ggaggttgaa attgataata gttcgccaat ggagaagttt aagtttgaga tcaaggcatg 1440 tgggacgaag aaaggggaag gttctttatc agtccatgat gtaactcacc ttgacaagac 1500 acctagcaaa ggtttgcctc agttaaatgt gactgagaaa gttactgatg caagtaaaga 1560 cttgagcagc cgctctagct ttgcccagtc aactttgaat acttttgtta ccatgggaaa 1620 aagaaaacat gaaaacataa gcaccatcct ctctgaaaca cctgtcctca gaaaccaaac 1680 ttctagttat cgtgtggaga aaagcaaatt tgaagttcgt gccttagctt caaggtgtct 1740 cgtggaaggc gatcaacttg atgatatggt catctcaaag gaagatatga caccaagcga 1800 aagagattct gaactaggca atcggatttc tcctggaaca caagctgata atgttgaaag 1860 acatgagaga gaacatgaaa agcctataag gtttgaagaa ccaacatcag ataacacact 1920 caccaagggg gatgtggaaa gggtttcaga ggacaatcca cggtgcagtc agccactgcg 1980 atctgtggcc acagtgctgg attccccagc tcagtcaacc ggtcctaaaa tgttttccac 2040 attagaattt agtttccaaa acctcaggac aaggaggtta gagaggctgt cgagattgca 2100 gtccacaggt tatgtatcta aatgtatgaa tacgccacag cctaaaaagt gctttgccgc 2160 tgcaacatta gagttatctc aaccggatga tgaagagcga aaagcaaggg ctttagctgc 2220 agctacttct gagctggaaa ggctttttcg aaaagaggat ttcaggagaa tgcaggtact 2280 cgggcaattc aatcttgggt tcatcattgc aaaattggag cgagatctgt tcattgtgga 2340 tcagcatgca gctgatgaga aattcaactt cgaacattta gcaaggtcaa ctgtcctgaa 2400 ccagcaaccc ttactccagc ctttgaactt ggaactctct ccagaagaag aagtaactgt 2460 gttaatgcac atggatatta tcagggaaaa tggctttctt ctagaggaga atccaagtgc 2520 tcctcccgga aaacacttta gactacgagc cattccttat agcaagaata tcacctttgg 2580 agtcgaagat cttaaagacc tgatctcaac tctaggagat aaccatgggg aatgttcggt 2640 tgctagtagc tacaaaacca gcaaaacaga ttcgatttgt ccatcacgag tccgtgcaat 2700 gctagcatcc cgagcatgca gatcatctgt gatgatcgga gatccactca gaaaaaacga 2760 aatgcagaag atagtagaac acttggcaga tctcgaatct ccttggaatt gcccacacgg 2820 acgaccaaca atgcgtcatc ttgtggactt gacaacttta ctcacattac ctgatgacga 2880 caatgtcaat gatgatgatg atgatgatgc aaccatctca ttggcatgaa cactcaaaag 2940 tcttaacgta tttagatgtg agaatcctta agattaacat tgaggaacac tcggttataa 3000 ctacaatcgt aaatgtaaat tgtcttagtc tatatgatct ttttggtcac aacaggtaat 3060 ttcattttcc tttgattact tctcgtgaaa aaacaaatt 3099 36 923 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 36 Met Gln Gly Asp Ser Ser Pro Ser Pro Thr Thr Thr Ser Ser Pro Leu 1 5 10 15 Ile Arg Pro Ile Asn Arg Asn Val Ile His Arg Ile Cys Ser Gly Gln 20 25 30 Val Ile Leu Asp Leu Ser Ser Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val Glu Asn Ser 35 40 45 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Ser Ile Glu Ile Asn Leu Arg Asp Tyr Gly 50 55 60 Glu Asp Tyr Phe Gln Val Ile Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Ile Ser Pro Thr 65 70 75 80 Asn Phe Lys Val Leu Ala Leu Lys His His Thr Ser Lys Leu Glu Asp 85 90 95 Phe Thr Asp Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Thr Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 100 105 110 Leu Ser Ser Leu Cys Ala Leu Gly Asn Leu Thr Val Glu Thr Arg Thr 115 120 125 Lys Asn Glu Pro Val Ala Thr Leu Leu Thr Phe Asp His Ser Gly Leu 130 135 140 Leu Thr Ala Glu Lys Lys Thr Ala Arg Gln Ile Gly Thr Thr Val Thr 145 150 155 160 Val Arg Lys Leu Phe Ser Asn Leu Pro Val Arg Ser Lys Glu Phe Lys 165 170 175 Arg Asn Ile Arg Lys Glu Tyr Gly Lys Leu Val Ser Leu Leu Asn Ala 180 185 190 Tyr Ala Leu Ile Ala Lys Gly Val Arg Phe Val Cys Ser Asn Thr Thr 195 200 205 Gly Lys Asn Pro Lys Ser Val Val Leu Asn Thr Gln Gly Arg Gly Ser 210 215 220 Leu Lys Asp Asn Ile Ile Thr Val Phe Gly Ile Ser Thr Phe Thr Ser 225 230 235 240 Leu Gln Pro Val Ser Ile Cys Val Ser Glu Asp Cys Arg Val Glu Gly 245 250 255 Phe Leu Ser Lys Pro Gly Gln Gly Thr Gly Arg Asn Leu Ala Asp Arg 260 265 270 Gln Tyr Phe Phe Ile Asn Gly Arg Pro Val Asp Met Pro Lys Val Ser 275 280 285 Lys Leu Val Asn Glu Leu Tyr Lys Asp Thr Ser Ser Arg Lys Tyr Pro 290 295 300 Val Thr Ile Leu Asp Phe Ile Val Pro Gly Gly Ala Cys Asp Leu Asn 305 310 315 320 Val Thr Pro Asp Lys Arg Lys Val Phe Phe Ser Asp Glu Thr Ser Val 325 330 335 Ile Gly Ser Leu Arg Glu Gly Leu Asn Glu Ile Tyr Ser Ser Ser Asn 340 345 350 Ala Ser Tyr Ile Val Asn Arg Phe Glu Glu Asn Ser Glu Gln Pro Asp 355 360 365 Lys Ala Gly Val Ser Ser Phe Gln Lys Lys Ser Asn Leu Leu Ser Glu 370 375 380 Gly Ile Val Leu Asp Val Ser Ser Lys Thr Arg Leu Gly Glu Ala Ile 385 390 395 400 Glu Lys Glu Asn Pro Ser Leu Arg Glu Val Glu Ile Asp Asn Ser Ser 405 410 415 Pro Met Glu Lys Phe Lys Phe Glu Ile Lys Ala Cys Gly Thr Lys Lys 420 425 430 Gly Glu Gly Ser Leu Ser Val His Asp Val Thr His Leu Asp Lys Thr 435 440 445 Pro Ser Lys Gly Leu Pro Gln Leu Asn Val Thr Glu Lys Val Thr Asp 450 455 460 Ala Ser Lys Asp Leu Ser Ser Arg Ser Ser Phe Ala Gln Ser Thr Leu 465 470 475 480 Asn Thr Phe Val Thr Met Gly Lys Arg Lys His Glu Asn Ile Ser Thr 485 490 495 Ile Leu Ser Glu Thr Pro Val Leu Arg Asn Gln Thr Ser Ser Tyr Arg 500 505 510 Val Glu Lys Ser Lys Phe Glu Val Arg Ala Leu Ala Ser Arg Cys Leu 515 520 525 Val Glu Gly Asp Gln Leu Asp Asp Met Val Ile Ser Lys Glu Asp Met 530 535 540 Thr Pro Ser Glu Arg Asp Ser Glu Leu Gly Asn Arg Ile Ser Pro Gly 545 550 555 560 Thr Gln Ala Asp Asn Val Glu Arg His Glu Arg Glu His Glu Lys Pro 565 570 575 Ile Arg Phe Glu Glu Pro Thr Ser Asp Asn Thr Leu Thr Lys Gly Asp 580 585 590 Val Glu Arg Val Ser Glu Asp Asn Pro Arg Cys Ser Gln Pro Leu Arg 595 600 605 Ser Val Ala Thr Val Leu Asp Ser Pro Ala Gln Ser Thr Gly Pro Lys 610 615 620 Met Phe Ser Thr Leu Glu Phe Ser Phe Gln Asn Leu Arg Thr Arg Arg 625 630 635 640 Leu Glu Arg Leu Ser Arg Leu Gln Ser Thr Gly Tyr Val Ser Lys Cys 645 650 655 Met Asn Thr Pro Gln Pro Lys Lys Cys Phe Ala Ala Ala Thr Leu Glu 660 665 670 Leu Ser Gln Pro Asp Asp Glu Glu Arg Lys Ala Arg Ala Leu Ala Ala 675 680 685 Ala Thr Ser Glu Leu Glu Arg Leu Phe Arg Lys Glu Asp Phe Arg Arg 690 695 700 Met Gln Val Leu Gly Gln Phe Asn Leu Gly Phe Ile Ile Ala Lys Leu 705 710 715 720 Glu Arg Asp Leu Phe Ile Val Asp Gln His Ala Ala Asp Glu Lys Phe 725 730 735 Asn Phe Glu His Leu Ala Arg Ser Thr Val Leu Asn Gln Gln Pro Leu 740 745 750 Leu Gln Pro Leu Asn Leu Glu Leu Ser Pro Glu Glu Glu Val Thr Val 755 760 765 Leu Met His Met Asp Ile Ile Arg Glu Asn Gly Phe Leu Leu Glu Glu 770 775 780 Asn Pro Ser Ala Pro Pro Gly Lys His Phe Arg Leu Arg Ala Ile Pro 785 790 795 800 Tyr Ser Lys Asn Ile Thr Phe Gly Val Glu Asp Leu Lys Asp Leu Ile 805 810 815 Ser Thr Leu Gly Asp Asn His Gly Glu Cys Ser Val Ala Ser Ser Tyr 820 825 830 Lys Thr Ser Lys Thr Asp Ser Ile Cys Pro Ser Arg Val Arg Ala Met 835 840 845 Leu Ala Ser Arg Ala Cys Arg Ser Ser Val Met Ile Gly Asp Pro Leu 850 855 860 Arg Lys Asn Glu Met Gln Lys Ile Val Glu His Leu Ala Asp Leu Glu 865 870 875 880 Ser Pro Trp Asn Cys Pro His Gly Arg Pro Thr Met Arg His Leu Val 885 890 895 Asp Leu Thr Thr Leu Leu Thr Leu Pro Asp Asp Asp Asn Val Asn Asp 900 905 910 Asp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Thr Ile Ser Leu Ala 915 920 37 399 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 37 atgcaaggag attcttctcc gtctccgacg actactagct ctcctttgat aagacctata 60 aacagaaacg taattcacag aatctgttcc ggtcaagtca tcttagacct ctcttcggcc 120 gtcaaggagc ttgtcgagaa tagtctcgac gccggcgcca ccagtataga gattaacctc 180 cgagactacg gcgaagacta ttttcaggtc attgacaatg gttgtggcat ttccccaacc 240 aatttcaagg ttcttgcact taagcatcat acttctaaat tagaggattt cacagatctt 300 ttgaatttga ctacttatgg ttttagagga gaagccttga gctctctctg tgcattggga 360 aatctcactg tggaaacaag aacaaagaat gagccagtt 399 38 133 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 38 Met Gln Gly Asp Ser Ser Pro Ser Pro Thr Thr Thr Ser Ser Pro Leu 1 5 10 15 Ile Arg Pro Ile Asn Arg Asn Val Ile His Arg Ile Cys Ser Gly Gln 20 25 30 Val Ile Leu Asp Leu Ser Ser Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val Glu Asn Ser 35 40 45 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Ser Ile Glu Ile Asn Leu Arg Asp Tyr Gly 50 55 60 Glu Asp Tyr Phe Gln Val Ile Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Ile Ser Pro Thr 65 70 75 80 Asn Phe Lys Val Leu Ala Leu Lys His His Thr Ser Lys Leu Glu Asp 85 90 95 Phe Thr Asp Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Thr Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 100 105 110 Leu Ser Ser Leu Cys Ala Leu Gly Asn Leu Thr Val Glu Thr Arg Thr 115 120 125 Lys Asn Glu Pro Val 130 39 2772 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 39 atgcaaggag attcttctcc gtctccgacg actactagct ctcctttgat aagacctata 60 aacagaaacg taattcacag aatctgttcc ggtcaagtca tcttagacct ctcttcggcc 120 gtcaaggagc ttgtcgagaa tagtctcgac gccggcgcca ccagtataga gattaacctc 180 cgagactacg gcgaagacta ttttcaggtc attgacaatg gttgtggcat ttccccaacc 240 aatttcaagg ttcttgcact taagcatcat acttctaaat tagaggattt cacagatctt 300 ttgaatttga ctacttatgg ttttagagga gaagccttga gctctctctg tgcattggga 360 aatctcactg tggaaacaag aacaaagaat gagccagttg ctacgctctt gacgtttgat 420 cattctggtt tgcttactgc tgaaaagaag actgctcgcc aaattggtac cactgtcact 480 gttaggaagt tgttctctaa tttacctgta cgaagcaaag agtttaagcg gaatatacgc 540 aaagaatatg ggaagcttgt atctttattg aacgcatatg cgcttattgc gaaaggagtg 600 cggtttgtct gctctaacac gactgggaaa aacccaaagt ctgttgtgct gaacacacaa 660 gggaggggtt cacttaaaga taatatcata acagttttcg gcattagtac ctttacaagt 720 ctacagcctg taagtatatg tgtatcagaa gattgtagag ttgaagggtt tctttccaag 780 cctggacagg gtactggacg caatttagca gatcgacagt atttctttat aaatggtcgg 840 cctgtagata tgccaaaagt cagcaagttg gtgaatgagt tatataaaga tacaagttct 900 cggaaatatc cagttaccat tctggatttt attgtgcctg gtggagcatg tgatttgaat 960 gtcacgcccg ataaaagaaa ggtgttcttt tctgacgaga cttctgttat cggttctttg 1020 agggaaggtc tgaacgagat atattcctcc agtaatgcgt cttatattgt taataggttc 1080 gaggagaatt cggagcaacc agataaggct ggagtttcgt cgtttcagaa gaaatcaaat 1140 cttttgtcag aagggatagt tctggatgtc agttctaaaa caagactagg ggaagctatt 1200 gagaaagaaa atccatcctt aagggaggtt gaaattgata atagttcgcc aatggagaag 1260 tttaagtttg agatcaaggc atgtgggacg aagaaagggg aaggttcttt atcagtccat 1320 gatgtaactc accttgacaa gacacctagc aaaggtttgc ctcagttaaa tgtgactgag 1380 aaagttactg atgcaagtaa agacttgagc agccgctcta gctttgccca gtcaactttg 1440 aatacttttg ttaccatggg aaaaagaaaa catgaaaaca taagcaccat cctctctgaa 1500 acacctgtcc tcagaaacca aacttctagt tatcgtgtgg agaaaagcaa atttgaagtt 1560 cgtgccttag cttcaaggtg tctcgtggaa ggcgatcaac ttgatgatat ggtcatctca 1620 aaggaagata tgacaccaag cgaaagagat tctgaactag gcaatcggat ttctcctgga 1680 acacaagctg ataatgttga aagacatgag agagaacatg aaaagcctat aaggtttgaa 1740 gaaccaacat cagataacac actcaccaag ggggatgtgg aaagggtttc agaggacaat 1800 ccacggtgca gtcagccact gcgatctgtg gccacagtgc tggattcccc agctcagtca 1860 accggtccta aaatgttttc cacattagaa tttagtttcc aaaacctcag gacaaggagg 1920 ttagagaggc tgtcgagatt gcagtccaca ggttatgtat ctaaatgtat gaatacgcca 1980 cagcctaaaa agtgctttgc cgctgcaaca ttagagttat ctcaaccgga tgatgaagag 2040 cgaaaagcaa gggctttagc tgcagctact tctgagctgg aaaggctttt tcgaaaagag 2100 gatttcagga gaatgcaggt actcgggcaa ttcaatcttg ggttcatcat tgcaaaattg 2160 gagcgagatc tgttcattgt ggatcagcat gcagctgatg agaaattcaa cttcgaacat 2220 ttagcaaggt caactgtcct gaaccagcaa cccttactcc agcctttgaa cttggaactc 2280 tctccagaag aagaagtaac tgtgttaatg cacatggata ttatcaggga aaatggcttt 2340 cttctagagg agaatccaag tgctcctccc ggaaaacact ttagactacg agccattcct 2400 tatagcaaga atatcacctt tggagtcgaa gatcttaaag acctgatctc aactctagga 2460 gataaccatg gggaatgttc ggttgctagt agctacaaaa ccagcaaaac agattcgatt 2520 tgtccatcac gagtccgtgc aatgctagca tcccgagcat gcagatcatc tgtgatgatc 2580 ggagatccac tcagaaaaaa cgaaatgcag aagatagtag aacacttggc agatctcgaa 2640 tctccttgga attgcccaca cggacgacca acaatgcgtc atcttgtgga cttgacaact 2700 ttactcacat tacctgatga cgacaatgtc aatgatgatg atgatgatga tgcaaccatc 2760 tcattggcat ga 2772 40 923 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 40 Met Gln Gly Asp Ser Ser Pro Ser Pro Thr Thr Thr Ser Ser Pro Leu 1 5 10 15 Ile Arg Pro Ile Asn Arg Asn Val Ile His Arg Ile Cys Ser Gly Gln 20 25 30 Val Ile Leu Asp Leu Ser Ser Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Val Glu Asn Ser 35 40 45 Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Thr Ser Ile Glu Ile Asn Leu Arg Asp Tyr Gly 50 55 60 Glu Asp Tyr Phe Gln Val Ile Asp Asn Gly Cys Gly Ile Ser Pro Thr 65 70 75 80 Asn Phe Lys Val Leu Ala Leu Lys His His Thr Ser Lys Leu Glu Asp 85 90 95 Phe Thr Asp Leu Leu Asn Leu Thr Thr Tyr Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu Ala 100 105 110 Leu Ser Ser Leu Cys Ala Leu Gly Asn Leu Thr Val Glu Thr Arg Thr 115 120 125 Lys Asn Glu Pro Val Ala Thr Leu Leu Thr Phe Asp His Ser Gly Leu 130 135 140 Leu Thr Ala Glu Lys Lys Thr Ala Arg Gln Ile Gly Thr Thr Val Thr 145 150 155 160 Val Arg Lys Leu Phe Ser Asn Leu Pro Val Arg Ser Lys Glu Phe Lys 165 170 175 Arg Asn Ile Arg Lys Glu Tyr Gly Lys Leu Val Ser Leu Leu Asn Ala 180 185 190 Tyr Ala Leu Ile Ala Lys Gly Val Arg Phe Val Cys Ser Asn Thr Thr 195 200 205 Gly Lys Asn Pro Lys Ser Val Val Leu Asn Thr Gln Gly Arg Gly Ser 210 215 220 Leu Lys Asp Asn Ile Ile Thr Val Phe Gly Ile Ser Thr Phe Thr Ser 225 230 235 240 Leu Gln Pro Val Ser Ile Cys Val Ser Glu Asp Cys Arg Val Glu Gly 245 250 255 Phe Leu Ser Lys Pro Gly Gln Gly Thr Gly Arg Asn Leu Ala Asp Arg 260 265 270 Gln Tyr Phe Phe Ile Asn Gly Arg Pro Val Asp Met Pro Lys Val Ser 275 280 285 Lys Leu Val Asn Glu Leu Tyr Lys Asp Thr Ser Ser Arg Lys Tyr Pro 290 295 300 Val Thr Ile Leu Asp Phe Ile Val Pro Gly Gly Ala Cys Asp Leu Asn 305 310 315 320 Val Thr Pro Asp Lys Arg Lys Val Phe Phe Ser Asp Glu Thr Ser Val 325 330 335 Ile Gly Ser Leu Arg Glu Gly Leu Asn Glu Ile Tyr Ser Ser Ser Asn 340 345 350 Ala Ser Tyr Ile Val Asn Arg Phe Glu Glu Asn Ser Glu Gln Pro Asp 355 360 365 Lys Ala Gly Val Ser Ser Phe Gln Lys Lys Ser Asn Leu Leu Ser Glu 370 375 380 Gly Ile Val Leu Asp Val Ser Ser Lys Thr Arg Leu Gly Glu Ala Ile 385 390 395 400 Glu Lys Glu Asn Pro Ser Leu Arg Glu Val Glu Ile Asp Asn Ser Ser 405 410 415 Pro Met Glu Lys Phe Lys Phe Glu Ile Lys Ala Cys Gly Thr Lys Lys 420 425 430 Gly Glu Gly Ser Leu Ser Val His Asp Val Thr His Leu Asp Lys Thr 435 440 445 Pro Ser Lys Gly Leu Pro Gln Leu Asn Val Thr Glu Lys Val Thr Asp 450 455 460 Ala Ser Lys Asp Leu Ser Ser Arg Ser Ser Phe Ala Gln Ser Thr Leu 465 470 475 480 Asn Thr Phe Val Thr Met Gly Lys Arg Lys His Glu Asn Ile Ser Thr 485 490 495 Ile Leu Ser Glu Thr Pro Val Leu Arg Asn Gln Thr Ser Ser Tyr Arg 500 505 510 Val Glu Lys Ser Lys Phe Glu Val Arg Ala Leu Ala Ser Arg Cys Leu 515 520 525 Val Glu Gly Asp Gln Leu Asp Asp Met Val Ile Ser Lys Glu Asp Met 530 535 540 Thr Pro Ser Glu Arg Asp Ser Glu Leu Gly Asn Arg Ile Ser Pro Gly 545 550 555 560 Thr Gln Ala Asp Asn Val Glu Arg His Glu Arg Glu His Glu Lys Pro 565 570 575 Ile Arg Phe Glu Glu Pro Thr Ser Asp Asn Thr Leu Thr Lys Gly Asp 580 585 590 Val Glu Arg Val Ser Glu Asp Asn Pro Arg Cys Ser Gln Pro Leu Arg 595 600 605 Ser Val Ala Thr Val Leu Asp Ser Pro Ala Gln Ser Thr Gly Pro Lys 610 615 620 Met Phe Ser Thr Leu Glu Phe Ser Phe Gln Asn Leu Arg Thr Arg Arg 625 630 635 640 Leu Glu Arg Leu Ser Arg Leu Gln Ser Thr Gly Tyr Val Ser Lys Cys 645 650 655 Met Asn Thr Pro Gln Pro Lys Lys Cys Phe Ala Ala Ala Thr Leu Glu 660 665 670 Leu Ser Gln Pro Asp Asp Glu Glu Arg Lys Ala Arg Ala Leu Ala Ala 675 680 685 Ala Thr Ser Glu Leu Glu Arg Leu Phe Arg Lys Glu Asp Phe Arg Arg 690 695 700 Met Gln Val Leu Gly Gln Phe Asn Leu Gly Phe Ile Ile Ala Lys Leu 705 710 715 720 Glu Arg Asp Leu Phe Ile Val Asp Gln His Ala Ala Asp Glu Lys Phe 725 730 735 Asn Phe Glu His Leu Ala Arg Ser Thr Val Leu Asn Gln Gln Pro Leu 740 745 750 Leu Gln Pro Leu Asn Leu Glu Leu Ser Pro Glu Glu Glu Val Thr Val 755 760 765 Leu Met His Met Asp Ile Ile Arg Glu Asn Gly Phe Leu Leu Glu Glu 770 775 780 Asn Pro Ser Ala Pro Pro Gly Lys His Phe Arg Leu Arg Ala Ile Pro 785 790 795 800 Tyr Ser Lys Asn Ile Thr Phe Gly Val Glu Asp Leu Lys Asp Leu Ile 805 810 815 Ser Thr Leu Gly Asp Asn His Gly Glu Cys Ser Val Ala Ser Ser Tyr 820 825 830 Lys Thr Ser Lys Thr Asp Ser Ile Cys Pro Ser Arg Val Arg Ala Met 835 840 845 Leu Ala Ser Arg Ala Cys Arg Ser Ser Val Met Ile Gly Asp Pro Leu 850 855 860 Arg Lys Asn Glu Met Gln Lys Ile Val Glu His Leu Ala Asp Leu Glu 865 870 875 880 Ser Pro Trp Asn Cys Pro His Gly Arg Pro Thr Met Arg His Leu Val 885 890 895 Asp Leu Thr Thr Leu Leu Thr Leu Pro Asp Asp Asp Asn Val Asn Asp 900 905 910 Asp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Thr Ile Ser Leu Ala 915 920 41 3466 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 41 ttcgaattct ctcagctcaa aacatcgttt ctctctcact ctctctcaca attccaaaaa 60 atgcagcgcc agagatcgat tttgtctttc ttccaaaaac ccacggcggc gactacgaag 120 ggtttggttt ccggcgatgc tgctagcggc gggggcggca gcggaggacc acgatttaat 180 gtgaaggaag gggatgctaa aggcgacgct tctgtacgtt ttgctgtttc gaaatctgtc 240 gatgaggtta gaggaacgga tactccaccg gagaaggttc cgcgtcgtgt cctgccgtct 300 ggatttaagc cggctgaatc cgccggtgat gcttcgtccc tgttctccaa tattatgcat 360 aagtttgtaa aagtcgatga tcgagattgt tctggagaga ggagccgaga agatgttgtt 420 ccgctgaatg attcatctct atgtatgaag gctaatgatg ttattcctca atttcgttcc 480 aataatggta aaactcaaga aagaaaccat gcttttagtt tcagtgggag agctgaactt 540 agatcagtag aagatatagg agtagatggc gatgttcctg gtccagaaac accagggatg 600 cgtccacgtg cttctcgctt gaagcgagtt ctggaggatg aaatgacttt taaggaggat 660 aaggttcctg tattggactc taacaaaagg ctgaaaatgc tccaggatcc ggtttgtgga 720 gagaagaaag aagtaaacga aggaaccaaa tttgaatggc ttgagtcttc tcgaatcagg 780 gatgccaata gaagacgtcc tgatgatccc ctttacgata gaaagacctt acacatacca 840 cctgatgttt tcaagaaaat gtctgcatca caaaagcaat attggagtgt taagagtgaa 900 tatatggaca ttgtgctttt ctttaaagtg gggaaatttt atgagctgta tgagctagat 960 gcggaattag gtcacaagga gcttgactgg aagatgacca tgagtggtgt gggaaaatgc 1020 agacaggttg gtatctctga aagtgggata gatgaggcag tgcaaaagct attagctcgt 1080 ggatataaag ttggacgaat cgagcagcta gaaacatctg accaagcaaa agccagaggt 1140 gctaatacta taattccaag gaagctagtt caggtattaa ctccatcaac agcaagcgag 1200 ggaaacatcg ggcctgatgc cgtccatctt cttgctataa aagagatcaa aatggagcta 1260 caaaagtgtt caactgtgta tggatttgct tttgttgact gtgctgcctt gaggttttgg 1320 gttgggtcca tcagcgatga tgcatcatgt gctgctcttg gagcgttatt gatgcaggtt 1380 tctccaaagg aagtgttata tgacagtaaa gggctatcaa gagaagcaca aaaggctcta 1440 aggaaatata cgttgacagg gtctacggcg gtacagttgg ctccagtacc acaagtaatg 1500 ggggatacag atgctgctgg agttagaaat ataatagaat ctaacggata ctttaaaggt 1560 tcttctgaat catggaactg tgctgttgat ggtctaaatg aatgtgatgt tgcccttagt 1620 gctcttggag agctaattaa tcatctgtct aggctaaagc tagaagatgt acttaagcat 1680 ggggatattt ttccatacca agtttacagg ggttgtctca gaattgatgg ccagacgatg 1740 gtaaatcttg agatatttaa caatagctgt gatggtgtcc ttcagggacc cttgaacaaa 1800 tatcttgaaa actgtgttag tccaactggt aagcgactct taaggaattg gatctgccat 1860 ccactcaaag atgtagaaag catcaataaa cggcttgatg tagttgaaga attcacggca 1920 aactcagaaa gtatgcaaat cactggccag tatctccaca aacttccaga cttagaaaga 1980 ctgctcggac gcatcaagtc tagcgttcga tcatcagcct ctgtgttgcc tgctcttctg 2040 gggaaaaaag tgctgaaaca acgagttaaa gcatttgggc aaattgtgaa agggttcaga 2100 agtggaattg atctgttgtt ggctctacag aaggaatcaa atatgatgag tttgctttat 2160 aaactctgta aacttcctat attagtagga aaaagcgggc tagagttatt tctttctcaa 2220 ttcgaagcag ccatagatag cgactttcca aattatcaga accaagatgt gacagatgaa 2280 aacgctgaaa ctctcacaat acttatcgaa ctttttatcg aaagagcaac tcaatggtct 2340 gaggtcattc acaccataag ctgcctagat gtcctgagat cttttgcaat cgcagcaagt 2400 ctctctgctg gaagcatggc caggcctgtt atttttcccg aatcagaagc tacagatcag 2460 aatcagaaaa caaaagggcc aatacttaaa atccaaggac tatggcatcc atttgcagtt 2520 gcagccgatg gtcaattgcc tgttccgaat gatatactcc ttggcgaggc tagaagaagc 2580 agtggcagca ttcatcctcg gtcattgtta ctgacgggac caaacatggg cggaaaatca 2640 actcttcttc gtgcaacatg tctggccgtt atctttgccc aacttggctg ctacgtgccg 2700 tgtgagtctt gcgaaatctc cctcgtggat actatcttca caaggcttgg cgcatctgat 2760 agaatcatga caggagagag tacctttttg gtagaatgca ctgagacagc gtcagttctt 2820 cagaatgcaa ctcaggattc actagtaatc cttgacgaac tgggcagagg aactagtact 2880 ttcgatggat acgccattgc atactcggtt tttcgtcacc tggtagagaa agttcaatgt 2940 cggatgctct ttgcaacaca ttaccaccct ctcaccaagg aattcgcgtc tcacccacgt 3000 gtcacctcga aacacatggc ttgcgcattc aaatcaagat ctgattatca accacgtggt 3060 tgtgatcaag acctagtgtt cttgtaccgt ttaaccgagg gagcttgtcc tgagagctac 3120 ggacttcaag tggcactcat ggctggaata ccaaaccaag tggttgaaac agcatcaggt 3180 gctgctcaag ccatgaagag atcaattggg gaaaacttca agtcaagtga gctaagatct 3240 gagttctcaa gtctgcatga agactggctc aagtcattgg tgggtatttc tcgagtcgcc 3300 cacaacaatg cccccattgg cgaagatgac tacgacactt tgttttgctt atggcatgag 3360 atcaaatcct cttactgtgt tcccaaataa atggctatga cataacacta tctgaagctc 3420 gttaagtctt ttgcttctct gatgtttatt cctcttaaaa aatgcg 3466 42 1109 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 42 Met Gln Arg Gln Arg Ser Ile Leu Ser Phe Phe Gln Lys Pro Thr Ala 1 5 10 15 Ala Thr Thr Lys Gly Leu Val Ser Gly Asp Ala Ala Ser Gly Gly Gly 20 25 30 Gly Ser Gly Gly Pro Arg Phe Asn Val Lys Glu Gly Asp Ala Lys Gly 35 40 45 Asp Ala Ser Val Arg Phe Ala Val Ser Lys Ser Val Asp Glu Val Arg 50 55 60 Gly Thr Asp Thr Pro Pro Glu Lys Val Pro Arg Arg Val Leu Pro Ser 65 70 75 80 Gly Phe Lys Pro Ala Glu Ser Ala Gly Asp Ala Ser Ser Leu Phe Ser 85 90 95 Asn Ile Met His Lys Phe Val Lys Val Asp Asp Arg Asp Cys Ser Gly 100 105 110 Glu Arg Ser Arg Glu Asp Val Val Pro Leu Asn Asp Ser Ser Leu Cys 115 120 125 Met Lys Ala Asn Asp Val Ile Pro Gln Phe Arg Ser Asn Asn Gly Lys 130 135 140 Thr Gln Glu Arg Asn His Ala Phe Ser Phe Ser Gly Arg Ala Glu Leu 145 150 155 160 Arg Ser Val Glu Asp Ile Gly Val Asp Gly Asp Val Pro Gly Pro Glu 165 170 175 Thr Pro Gly Met Arg Pro Arg Ala Ser Arg Leu Lys Arg Val Leu Glu 180 185 190 Asp Glu Met Thr Phe Lys Glu Asp Lys Val Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asn 195 200 205 Lys Arg Leu Lys Met Leu Gln Asp Pro Val Cys Gly Glu Lys Lys Glu 210 215 220 Val Asn Glu Gly Thr Lys Phe Glu Trp Leu Glu Ser Ser Arg Ile Arg 225 230 235 240 Asp Ala Asn Arg Arg Arg Pro Asp Asp Pro Leu Tyr Asp Arg Lys Thr 245 250 255 Leu His Ile Pro Pro Asp Val Phe Lys Lys Met Ser Ala Ser Gln Lys 260 265 270 Gln Tyr Trp Ser Val Lys Ser Glu Tyr Met Asp Ile Val Leu Phe Phe 275 280 285 Lys Val Gly Lys Phe Tyr Glu Leu Tyr Glu Leu Asp Ala Glu Leu Gly 290 295 300 His Lys Glu Leu Asp Trp Lys Met Thr Met Ser Gly Val Gly Lys Cys 305 310 315 320 Arg Gln Val Gly Ile Ser Glu Ser Gly Ile Asp Glu Ala Val Gln Lys 325 330 335 Leu Leu Ala Arg Gly Tyr Lys Val Gly Arg Ile Glu Gln Leu Glu Thr 340 345 350 Ser Asp Gln Ala Lys Ala Arg Gly Ala Asn Thr Ile Ile Pro Arg Lys 355 360 365 Leu Val Gln Val Leu Thr Pro Ser Thr Ala Ser Glu Gly Asn Ile Gly 370 375 380 Pro Asp Ala Val His Leu Leu Ala Ile Lys Glu Ile Lys Met Glu Leu 385 390 395 400 Gln Lys Cys Ser Thr Val Tyr Gly Phe Ala Phe Val Asp Cys Ala Ala 405 410 415 Leu Arg Phe Trp Val Gly Ser Ile Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Cys Ala Ala 420 425 430 Leu Gly Ala Leu Leu Met Gln Val Ser Pro Lys Glu Val Leu Tyr Asp 435 440 445 Ser Lys Gly Leu Ser Arg Glu Ala Gln Lys Ala Leu Arg Lys Tyr Thr 450 455 460 Leu Thr Gly Ser Thr Ala Val Gln Leu Ala Pro Val Pro Gln Val Met 465 470 475 480 Gly Asp Thr Asp Ala Ala Gly Val Arg Asn Ile Ile Glu Ser Asn Gly 485 490 495 Tyr Phe Lys Gly Ser Ser Glu Ser Trp Asn Cys Ala Val Asp Gly Leu 500 505 510 Asn Glu Cys Asp Val Ala Leu Ser Ala Leu Gly Glu Leu Ile Asn His 515 520 525 Leu Ser Arg Leu Lys Leu Glu Asp Val Leu Lys His Gly Asp Ile Phe 530 535 540 Pro Tyr Gln Val Tyr Arg Gly Cys Leu Arg Ile Asp Gly Gln Thr Met 545 550 555 560 Val Asn Leu Glu Ile Phe Asn Asn Ser Cys Asp Gly Val Leu Gln Gly 565 570 575 Pro Leu Asn Lys Tyr Leu Glu Asn Cys Val Ser Pro Thr Gly Lys Arg 580 585 590 Leu Leu Arg Asn Trp Ile Cys His Pro Leu Lys Asp Val Glu Ser Ile 595 600 605 Asn Lys Arg Leu Asp Val Val Glu Glu Phe Thr Ala Asn Ser Glu Ser 610 615 620 Met Gln Ile Thr Gly Gln Tyr Leu His Lys Leu Pro Asp Leu Glu Arg 625 630 635 640 Leu Leu Gly Arg Ile Lys Ser Ser Val Arg Ser Ser Ala Ser Val Leu 645 650 655 Pro Ala Leu Leu Gly Lys Lys Val Leu Lys Gln Arg Val Lys Ala Phe 660 665 670 Gly Gln Ile Val Lys Gly Phe Arg Ser Gly Ile Asp Leu Leu Leu Ala 675 680 685 Leu Gln Lys Glu Ser Asn Met Met Ser Leu Leu Tyr Lys Leu Cys Lys 690 695 700 Leu Pro Ile Leu Val Gly Lys Ser Gly Leu Glu Leu Phe Leu Ser Gln 705 710 715 720 Phe Glu Ala Ala Ile Asp Ser Asp Phe Pro Asn Tyr Gln Asn Gln Asp 725 730 735 Val Thr Asp Glu Asn Ala Glu Thr Leu Thr Ile Leu Ile Glu Leu Phe 740 745 750 Ile Glu Arg Ala Thr Gln Trp Ser Glu Val Ile His Thr Ile Ser Cys 755 760 765 Leu Asp Val Leu Arg Ser Phe Ala Ile Ala Ala Ser Leu Ser Ala Gly 770 775 780 Ser Met Ala Arg Pro Val Ile Phe Pro Glu Ser Glu Ala Thr Asp Gln 785 790 795 800 Asn Gln Lys Thr Lys Gly Pro Ile Leu Lys Ile Gln Gly Leu Trp His 805 810 815 Pro Phe Ala Val Ala Ala Asp Gly Gln Leu Pro Val Pro Asn Asp Ile 820 825 830 Leu Leu Gly Glu Ala Arg Arg Ser Ser Gly Ser Ile His Pro Arg Ser 835 840 845 Leu Leu Leu Thr Gly Pro Asn Met Gly Gly Lys Ser Thr Leu Leu Arg 850 855 860 Ala Thr Cys Leu Ala Val Ile Phe Ala Gln Leu Gly Cys Tyr Val Pro 865 870 875 880 Cys Glu Ser Cys Glu Ile Ser Leu Val Asp Thr Ile Phe Thr Arg Leu 885 890 895 Gly Ala Ser Asp Arg Ile Met Thr Gly Glu Ser Thr Phe Leu Val Glu 900 905 910 Cys Thr Glu Thr Ala Ser Val Leu Gln Asn Ala Thr Gln Asp Ser Leu 915 920 925 Val Ile Leu Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Ser Thr Phe Asp Gly Tyr 930 935 940 Ala Ile Ala Tyr Ser Val Phe Arg His Leu Val Glu Lys Val Gln Cys 945 950 955 960 Arg Met Leu Phe Ala Thr His Tyr His Pro Leu Thr Lys Glu Phe Ala 965 970 975 Ser His Pro Arg Val Thr Ser Lys His Met Ala Cys Ala Phe Lys Ser 980 985 990 Arg Ser Asp Tyr Gln Pro Arg Gly Cys Asp Gln Asp Leu Val Phe Leu 995 1000 1005 Tyr Arg Leu Thr Glu Gly Ala Cys Pro Glu Ser Tyr Gly Leu Gln 1010 1015 1020 Val Ala Leu Met Ala Gly Ile Pro Asn Gln Val Val Glu Thr Ala 1025 1030 1035 Ser Gly Ala Ala Gln Ala Met Lys Arg Ser Ile Gly Glu Asn Phe 1040 1045 1050 Lys Ser Ser Glu Leu Arg Ser Glu Phe Ser Ser Leu His Glu Asp 1055 1060 1065 Trp Leu Lys Ser Leu Val Gly Ile Ser Arg Val Ala His Asn Asn 1070 1075 1080 Ala Pro Ile Gly Glu Asp Asp Tyr Asp Thr Leu Phe Cys Leu Trp 1085 1090 1095 His Glu Ile Lys Ser Ser Tyr Cys Val Pro Lys 1100 1105 43 5307 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 43 aaagataagt tcatacgact tttgtggctc atcaaaggcc atcatcgtcc tctatataca 60 atttagtgct ttatagtaca aaaccttcca cttccctttg tccaaagttt tccaatttaa 120 tttataaaca ggaataatat tatctatata ataaagtgaa aaataactat cattgtccaa 180 ataatttggt cgttgatcat gttactacaa agaaatgaaa tccttagtag aagtatatat 240 atatatatat ttgtaacaca ctcaaaatgg taggtgttgt tacagacaga tgttcgttag 300 cccagtaagc ccaatatgag atttaatggg ccttgatatt ttatagacca aacattgaaa 360 cattgcacgc ctggtctcaa agaacgttaa tacacgcgcc gccggttgcc gccaatccgc 420 tttcccgcca aattcgacac cataaatttc ttctagtcgc tttcgattcc agttccactg 480 aaaaaccacg aaagaagaac atttgcaccg tagttgcaga aggtaggtga aggatttagc 540 tttctctatc ttccaatgga gggtaatttc gaggaacaga acaagcttcc ggagctgaaa 600 ttgggtaatg ttaaacccta gttttttttt tctttctcat tttcgtattc gatttcccaa 660 ttgggtttat gggttttgta aaaggtctga tatttgttat gcattttttt tttaattttt 720 ggaagatgca aagcaagctc aagggtttct ctcgttctac aaaaccctac caaatgtaag 780 ttctcgtttt ctttcgattt ctgggagaag ttagagcttg tacagtgcct ctaattgcaa 840 taaataacac caattctagt cggaaagtag atgctttaaa attagggttt gaagcaattg 900 tagacatttt gttcattggg aagcgaatta ggaaaaaagg cttaagattt tttagcaatt 960 tctcgatctt tgcttatgtg ggttttgatt gttctttgct tcaggatacg agagctgtta 1020 gattctttga tcgcaaggtg agttcattgt tctcaaatgg tctagacttt ggttgtttaa 1080 atgtcgtcat tgatttatgg aaattttttg aatgcatttg caggattatt atacagctca 1140 tggtgaaaat tcagttttca ttgcaaagac ttattatcat acaaccactg ctctacgtca 1200 gctcgggagt ggttcaaatg ctctttcaag cgtaagcatt agtaggaaca tgttcgaaac 1260 gattgctagg gatcttctcc tggagcgtaa tgatcatact gtagaacttt atgaaggaag 1320 cggatcgaat tggagacttg tgaaaacagg ttctcctgga aacattggaa gctttgaaga 1380 tgttttgttt gcaaacaatg aaatgcagga cacaccagtt gttgtctcca tatttccaag 1440 ttttcacgat ggcagatgcg ttattgggat ggcctatgtt gatctgacta ggcgagttct 1500 tggactagct gagtttcttg atgatagccg cttcaccaat ctggagtctt cgttgattgc 1560 tctaggcgca aaagaatgca tttttccagc tgaatccggc aaatccaatg aatgcaaaag 1620 cctgtatgat tccctggaga ggtgtgccgt gatgataaca gagaggaaga aacacgagtt 1680 caaaggaaga gatttagatt cagatcttaa gagattggtg aaggggaata ttgagcctgt 1740 tagagatttg gtatccgggt ttgaccttgc gactcctgct ctaggtgcat tactctcgtt 1800 ttctgaactt ctctcaaatg aggataacta tgggaacttc acaatccgca gatatgatat 1860 tggcggattc atgagacttg actctgcagc tatgagggcg ttgaatgtga tggagagcaa 1920 aactgatgct aataagaatt tcagtttgtt tggtctcatg aacagaacat gtaccgcagg 1980 gatgggtaag agactgcttc atatgtggct gaagcaaccc ctcgtggatt tgaatgagat 2040 taagacgaga ttagatatag ttcagtgctt tgttgaagaa gctgggttaa ggcaggatct 2100 tagacagcat ctgaagcgaa tctcagatgt tgagaggctt ttgcgcagtc tcgagagaag 2160 aagaggtggg ttacagcaca ttattaaact ctatcaggta ctttccgcac ttcaatctgc 2220 ttctctcaat gttaacaaaa ttgcattttc attgtcctaa atgtgtttat gcaactctga 2280 agttataggt atgttattaa gttcattact aattaagtct tcatcttttc tctgcagtca 2340 gctataaggc ttcccttcat caaaacagct atgcaacagt acaccggaga attcgcatca 2400 ctcatcagcg agaggtacct gaaaaagctt gaggctttat cagatcaaga tcaccttgga 2460 aagttcatcg atttggttga gtgctctgta gatcttgacc agctagaaaa tggagaatac 2520 atgatatctt caaactacga caccaaattg gcatctctga aagatcagaa agaattgctg 2580 gagcagcaga ttcacgaatt gcacaaaaag acagcgatag aacttgatct tcaggtcgac 2640 aaggctctta aacttgacaa agcagcgcaa tttgggcatg tcttcaggat cacgaagaag 2700 gaagagccaa agatcaggaa gaagctgacg acacagttta tagtgctgga gactcgcaaa 2760 gacggagtga agttcacaaa cacaaagcta aaaaaactgg gcgaccagta ccaaagtgtt 2820 gtggatgatt ataggagctg tcaaaaggag ctcgttgatc gtgtagttga gactgttacc 2880 agcttctctg aggtatgttt agttattcat attaagcatt ggactgttac agaattggtt 2940 gtttaaaatc atagtaaact atatgtggaa tttatatgta tattgtatgg ttataggtat 3000 ttgaggactt agctgggtta ctttctgaaa tggatgtttt gttaagcttt gctgatttgg 3060 ctgccagttg ccctactcca tactgtaggc cagaaatcac ctctttggtt agtacaatct 3120 caagttgatt attttgttct gaaaatgaat agttttttct ttccaagttt atgacataat 3180 gttgagagca cggttaataa attgtaggat gctggagata ttgtactaga aggaagcaga 3240 catccatgtg tagaagctca agattgggtg aatttcatac caaatgattg cagactcgta 3300 agtattgaat gtggtaaata aactgagacg tctttgtttt tcttgtttcc cttttgactt 3360 gaacaaatac ttgtttgccc tttactgttc tttgaaatca gatgagaggg aagagttggt 3420 ttcaaatagt aacagggcct aacatgggag ggaagtccac tttcatccgc caggtatgat 3480 gatttcctct agttcagttt tgcttcatag acgtatgact aaagtcggtt tccggccatt 3540 ataaatccca ggttggtgtg attgtgctga tggctcaagt tggttccttt gttccttgtg 3600 ataaagcatc aatttccata agagactgca tctttgcccg tgtaggagca ggcgattgcc 3660 aagtgagttt aagtttagcc ctcaatgaac gaaaaactgc tgatatcctg aacaccctta 3720 ttccaacttt ttttcctttg gtgtgttagc tgcgtggagt gtcaactttt atgcaagaaa 3780 tgcttgaaac cgcatcgata ttgaaaggcg ctactgataa gtcactgata attatcgatg 3840 aacttggtcg tggaacatca acttatgatg gttttggtta gtttctctgc aatttctctt 3900 ctttcatttg gatgttttta gtaagttttc tattatatat tcatttttat ggtcatatgt 3960 gagatttcag tgctcttgac atcatcgtgg tgaatatatc aggtttagct tgggctatat 4020 gtgagcatct ggttcaagtg aaaagagcac caactctgtt tgctactcac ttccatgaac 4080 ttactgcctt ggctcaagca aactctgagg tctctggtaa cactgttggt gtggcaaact 4140 tccatgtcag cgctcacatt gacactgaaa gccgcaaact caccatgctt tacaaggtct 4200 ggtttataaa ttaaaaaatt gctgatctgt tgcagttaaa agtgtctctg tttttatgtt 4260 taatctaaat tacttatttg attttcttac aaagatgaaa ttgaaattaa ttttgtgtgg 4320 tgtgttgttt gtctggttag gttgaaccag gggcctgtga ccagagcttt gggattcatg 4380 tggcggaatt tgccaacttc cctgaaagcg tcgtggccct cgcaagagag aaagctgcag 4440 agctggaaga tttctctccc tcctcgatga taatcaacaa tgaggtcttg attcatttcc 4500 ccctttgttt ttggttgatg atggaatcat tctatcattc acccattctg cagtttatgc 4560 tatattatta taaatctatg tgacaaagat ttaattctcg tattgttgtt tgcaggagag 4620 tgggaagaga aagagcagag aagatgatcc agatgaagta tcaagagggg cagagcgagc 4680 tcacaagttt ctgaaagagt ttgcagcgat gccacttgat aaaatggagc ttaaagattc 4740 acttcaacgg gtacgtgaga tgaaagatga gctagagaaa gatgctgcag actgccactg 4800 gctcaggcag tttctgtgaa gaacccctga cgttttttgg tttttggttt tgtaaatagc 4860 ttaaatcggt tcttgtagtt gtggtcgttg cttgggatga aactaaatga gggcaaaaac 4920 ataattctac attttttgtt agtaaagctc gttaatttac tccctagtgc tatcaattat 4980 tttgcctatt ataattgttg atcaagtact tagagcaacc ccaatggttt ctaaacataa 5040 gtttcttatt ttatagagag aaattttatt ataaaaaaat gtgtgggttt cttgattagt 5100 gaagaaacca tctccaaaat accttatatt cttatataag gtattttgga gagaatttct 5160 aactattcaa gaaacttaca taattaaata ctattatttt tattgtttta atgttaagaa 5220 acttatattt aaaaaccacc aatggaattg ctcttagcta ccatacaaat aattataaaa 5280 atatatcgaa aagtagaaga gccattt 5307 44 937 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 44 Met Glu Gly Asn Phe Glu Glu Gln Asn Lys Leu Pro Glu Leu Lys Leu 1 5 10 15 Asp Ala Lys Gln Ala Gln Gly Phe Leu Ser Phe Tyr Lys Thr Leu Pro 20 25 30 Asn Asp Thr Arg Ala Val Arg Phe Phe Asp Arg Lys Asp Tyr Tyr Thr 35 40 45 Ala His Gly Glu Asn Ser Val Phe Ile Ala Lys Thr Tyr Tyr His Thr 50 55 60 Thr Thr Ala Leu Arg Gln Leu Gly Ser Gly Ser Asn Ala Leu Ser Ser 65 70 75 80 Val Ser Ile Ser Arg Asn Met Phe Glu Thr Ile Ala Arg Asp Leu Leu 85 90 95 Leu Glu Arg Asn Asp His Thr Val Glu Leu Tyr Glu Gly Ser Gly Ser 100 105 110 Asn Trp Arg Leu Val Lys Thr Gly Ser Pro Gly Asn Ile Gly Ser Phe 115 120 125 Glu Asp Val Leu Phe Ala Asn Asn Glu Met Gln Asp Thr Pro Val Val 130 135 140 Val Ser Ile Phe Pro Ser Phe His Asp Gly Arg Cys Val Ile Gly Met 145 150 155 160 Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Thr Arg Arg Val Leu Gly Leu Ala Glu Phe Leu 165 170 175 Asp Asp Ser Arg Phe Thr Asn Leu Glu Ser Ser Leu Ile Ala Leu Gly 180 185 190 Ala Lys Glu Cys Ile Phe Pro Ala Glu Ser Gly Lys Ser Asn Glu Cys 195 200 205 Lys Ser Leu Tyr Asp Ser Leu Glu Arg Cys Ala Val Met Ile Thr Glu 210 215 220 Arg Lys Lys His Glu Phe Lys Gly Arg Asp Leu Asp Ser Asp Leu Lys 225 230 235 240 Arg Leu Val Lys Gly Asn Ile Glu Pro Val Arg Asp Leu Val Ser Gly 245 250 255 Phe Asp Leu Ala Thr Pro Ala Leu Gly Ala Leu Leu Ser Phe Ser Glu 260 265 270 Leu Leu Ser Asn Glu Asp Asn Tyr Gly Asn Phe Thr Ile Arg Arg Tyr 275 280 285 Asp Ile Gly Gly Phe Met Arg Leu Asp Ser Ala Ala Met Arg Ala Leu 290 295 300 Asn Val Met Glu Ser Lys Thr Asp Ala Asn Lys Asn Phe Ser Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Gly Leu Met Asn Arg Thr Cys Thr Ala Gly Met Gly Lys Arg Leu Leu 325 330 335 His Met Trp Leu Lys Gln Pro Leu Val Asp Leu Asn Glu Ile Lys Thr 340 345 350 Arg Leu Asp Ile Val Gln Cys Phe Val Glu Glu Ala Gly Leu Arg Gln 355 360 365 Asp Leu Arg Gln His Leu Lys Arg Ile Ser Asp Val Glu Arg Leu Leu 370 375 380 Arg Ser Leu Glu Arg Arg Arg Gly Gly Leu Gln His Ile Ile Lys Leu 385 390 395 400 Tyr Gln Ser Ala Ile Arg Leu Pro Phe Ile Lys Thr Ala Met Gln Gln 405 410 415 Tyr Thr Gly Glu Phe Ala Ser Leu Ile Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Lys Lys 420 425 430 Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Asp Gln Asp His Leu Gly Lys Phe Ile Asp Leu 435 440 445 Val Glu Cys Ser Val Asp Leu Asp Gln Leu Glu Asn Gly Glu Tyr Met 450 455 460 Ile Ser Ser Asn Tyr Asp Thr Lys Leu Ala Ser Leu Lys Asp Gln Lys 465 470 475 480 Glu Leu Leu Glu Gln Gln Ile His Glu Leu His Lys Lys Thr Ala Ile 485 490 495 Glu Leu Asp Leu Gln Val Asp Lys Ala Leu Lys Leu Asp Lys Ala Ala 500 505 510 Gln Phe Gly His Val Phe Arg Ile Thr Lys Lys Glu Glu Pro Lys Ile 515 520 525 Arg Lys Lys Leu Thr Thr Gln Phe Ile Val Leu Glu Thr Arg Lys Asp 530 535 540 Gly Val Lys Phe Thr Asn Thr Lys Leu Lys Lys Leu Gly Asp Gln Tyr 545 550 555 560 Gln Ser Val Val Asp Asp Tyr Arg Ser Cys Gln Lys Glu Leu Val Asp 565 570 575 Arg Val Val Glu Thr Val Thr Ser Phe Ser Glu Val Phe Glu Asp Leu 580 585 590 Ala Gly Leu Leu Ser Glu Met Asp Val Leu Leu Ser Phe Ala Asp Leu 595 600 605 Ala Ala Ser Cys Pro Thr Pro Tyr Cys Arg Pro Glu Ile Thr Ser Leu 610 615 620 Asp Ala Gly Asp Ile Val Leu Glu Gly Ser Arg His Pro Cys Val Glu 625 630 635 640 Ala Gln Asp Trp Val Asn Phe Ile Pro Asn Asp Cys Arg Leu Met Arg 645 650 655 Gly Lys Ser Trp Phe Gln Ile Val Thr Gly Pro Asn Met Gly Gly Lys 660 665 670 Ser Thr Phe Ile Arg Gln Val Gly Val Ile Val Leu Met Ala Gln Val 675 680 685 Gly Ser Phe Val Pro Cys Asp Lys Ala Ser Ile Ser Ile Arg Asp Cys 690 695 700 Ile Phe Ala Arg Val Gly Ala Gly Asp Cys Gln Leu Arg Gly Val Ser 705 710 715 720 Thr Phe Met Gln Glu Met Leu Glu Thr Ala Ser Ile Leu Lys Gly Ala 725 730 735 Thr Asp Lys Ser Leu Ile Ile Ile Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Ser 740 745 750 Thr Tyr Asp Gly Phe Gly Leu Ala Trp Ala Ile Cys Glu His Leu Val 755 760 765 Gln Val Lys Arg Ala Pro Thr Leu Phe Ala Thr His Phe His Glu Leu 770 775 780 Thr Ala Leu Ala Gln Ala Asn Ser Glu Val Ser Gly Asn Thr Val Gly 785 790 795 800 Val Ala Asn Phe His Val Ser Ala His Ile Asp Thr Glu Ser Arg Lys 805 810 815 Leu Thr Met Leu Tyr Lys Val Glu Pro Gly Ala Cys Asp Gln Ser Phe 820 825 830 Gly Ile His Val Ala Glu Phe Ala Asn Phe Pro Glu Ser Val Val Ala 835 840 845 Leu Ala Arg Glu Lys Ala Ala Glu Leu Glu Asp Phe Ser Pro Ser Ser 850 855 860 Met Ile Ile Asn Asn Glu Glu Ser Gly Lys Arg Lys Ser Arg Glu Asp 865 870 875 880 Asp Pro Asp Glu Val Ser Arg Gly Ala Glu Arg Ala His Lys Phe Leu 885 890 895 Lys Glu Phe Ala Ala Met Pro Leu Asp Lys Met Glu Leu Lys Asp Ser 900 905 910 Leu Gln Arg Val Arg Glu Met Lys Asp Glu Leu Glu Lys Asp Ala Ala 915 920 925 Asp Cys His Trp Leu Arg Gln Phe Leu 930 935 45 3521 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 45 ctaagaaagc gcgcgaaaat tggcaaccca agttcgccat agccacgacc acgaccttcc 60 atttctctta aacggaggag attacgaata aagcaattat gggcaagcaa aagcagcaga 120 cgatttctcg tttcttcgct cccaaaccca aatccccgac tcacgaaccg aatccggtag 180 ccgaatcatc aacaccgcca ccgaagatat ccgccactgt atccttctct ccttccaagc 240 gtaagcttct ctccgaccac ctcgccgccg cgtcacccaa aaagcctaaa ctttctcctc 300 acactcaaaa cccagtaccc gatcccaatt tacaccaaag atttctccag agatttctgg 360 aaccctcgcc ggaggaatat gttcccgaaa cgtcatcatc gaggaaatac acaccattgg 420 aacagcaagt ggtggagcta aagagcaagt acccagatgt ggttttgatg gtggaagttg 480 gttacaggta cagattcttc ggagaagacg cggagatcgc agcacgcgtg ttgggtattt 540 acgctcatat ggatcacaat ttcatgacgg cgagtgtgcc aacatttcga ttgaatttcc 600 atgtgagaag actggtgaat gcaggataca agattggtgt agtgaagcag actgaaactg 660 cagccattaa gtcccatggt gcaaaccgga ccggcccttt tttccgggga ctgtcggcgt 720 tgtataccaa agccacgctt gaagcggctg aggatataag tggtggttgt ggtggtgaag 780 aaggttttgg ttcacagagt aatttcttgg tttgtgttgt ggatgagaga gttaagtcgg 840 agacattagg ctgtggtatt gaaatgagtt ttgatgttag agtcggtgtt gttggcgttg 900 aaatttcgac aggtgaagtt gtttatgaag agttcaatga taatttcatg agaagtggat 960 tagaggctgt gattttgagc ttgtcaccag ctgagctgtt gcttggccag cctctttcac 1020 aacaaactga gaagtttttg gtggcacatg ctggacctac ctcaaacgtt cgagtggaac 1080 gtgcctcact ggattgtttc agcaatggta atgcagtaga tgaggttatt tcattatgtg 1140 aaaaaatcag cgcaggtaac ttagaagatg ataaagaaat gaagctggag gctgctgaaa 1200 aaggaatgtc ttgcttgaca gttcatacaa ttatgaacat gccacatctg actgttcaag 1260 ccctcgccct aacgttttgc catctcaaac agtttggatt tgaaaggatc ctttaccaag 1320 gggcctcatt tcgctctttg tcaagtaaca cagagatgac tctctcagcc aatactctgc 1380 aacagttgga ggttgtgaaa aataattcag atggatcgga atctggctcc ttattccata 1440 atatgaatca cacacttaca gtatatggtt ccaggcttct tagacactgg gtgactcatc 1500 ctctatgcga tagaaatttg atatctgctc ggcttgatgc tgtttctgag atttctgctt 1560 gcatgggatc tcatagttct tcccagctca gcagtgagtt ggttgaagaa ggttctgaga 1620 gagcaattgt atcacctgag ttttatctcg tgctctcctc agtcttgaca gctatgtcta 1680 gatcatctga tattcaacgt ggaataacaa gaatctttca tcggactgct aaagccacag 1740 agttcattgc agttatggaa gctattttac ttgcggggaa gcaaattcag cggcttggca 1800 taaagcaaga ctctgaaatg aggagtatgc aatctgcaac tgtgcgatct actcttttga 1860 gaaaattgat ttctgttatt tcatcccctg ttgtggttga caatgccgga aaacttctct 1920 ctgccctaaa taaggaagcg gctgttcgag gtgacttgct cgacatacta atcacttcca 1980 gcgaccaatt tcctgagctt gctgaagctc gccaagcagt tttagtcatc agggaaaagc 2040 tggattcctc gatagcttca tttcgcaaga agctcgctat tcgaaatttg gaatttcttc 2100 aagtgtcggg gatcacacat ttgatagagc tgcccgttga ttccaaggtc cctatgaatt 2160 gggtgaaagt aaatagcacc aagaagacta ttcgatatca tcccccagaa atagtagctg 2220 gcttggatga gctagctcta gcaactgaac atcttgccat tgtgaaccga gcttcgtggg 2280 atagtttcct caagagtttc agtagatact acacagattt taaggctgcc gttcaagctc 2340 ttgctgcact ggactgtttg cactcccttt caactctatc tagaaacaag aactatgtcc 2400 gtcccgagtt tgtggatgac tgtgaaccag ttgagataaa catacagtct ggtcgtcatc 2460 ctgtactgga gactatatta caagataact tcgtcccaaa tgacacaatt ttgcatgcag 2520 aaggggaata ttgccaaatt atcaccggac ctaacatggg aggaaagagc tgctatatcc 2580 gtcaagttgc tttaatttcc ataatggctc aggttggttc ctttgtacca gcgtcattcg 2640 ccaagctgca cgtgcttgat ggtgttttca ctcggatggg tgcttcagac agtatccagc 2700 atggcagaag tacctttcta gaagaattaa gtgaagcgtc acacataatc agaacctgtt 2760 cttctcgttc gcttgttata ttagatgagc ttggaagagg cactagcaca cacgacggtg 2820 tagccattgc ctatgcaaca ttacagcatc tcctagcaga aaagagatgt ttggttcttt 2880 ttgtcacgca ttaccctgaa atagctgaga tcagtaacgg attcccaggt tctgttggga 2940 cataccatgt ctcgtatctg acattgcaga aggataaagg cagttatgat catgatgatg 3000 tgacctacct atataagctt gtgcgtggtc tttgcagcag gagctttggt tttaaggttg 3060 ctcagcttgc ccagatacct ccatcatgta tacgtcgagc catttcaatg gctgcaaaat 3120 tggaagctga ggtacgtgca agagagagaa atacacgcat gggagaacca gaaggacatg 3180 aagaaccgag aggcgcagaa gaatctattt cggctctagg tgacttgttt gcagacctga 3240 aatttgctct ctctgaagag gacccttgga aagcattcga gtttttaaag catgcttgga 3300 agattgctgg caaaatcaga ctaaaaccaa cttgttcatt ttgatttaat cttaacatta 3360 tagcaactgc aaggtcttga tcatctgtta gttgcgtact aacttatgtg tattagtata 3420 acaagaaaag agaattagag agatggattc taatccggtg ttgcagtaca tcttttctcc 3480 acccgcataa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa a 3521 46 1081 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 46 Met Gly Lys Gln Lys Gln Gln Thr Ile Ser Arg Phe Phe Ala Pro Lys 1 5 10 15 Pro Lys Ser Pro Thr His Glu Pro Asn Pro Val Ala Glu Ser Ser Thr 20 25 30 Pro Pro Pro Lys Ile Ser Ala Thr Val Ser Phe Ser Pro Ser Lys Arg 35 40 45 Lys Leu Leu Ser Asp His Leu Ala Ala Ala Ser Pro Lys Lys Pro Lys 50 55 60 Leu Ser Pro His Thr Gln Asn Pro Val Pro Asp Pro Asn Leu His Gln 65 70 75 80 Arg Phe Leu Gln Arg Phe Leu Glu Pro Ser Pro Glu Glu Tyr Val Pro 85 90 95 Glu Thr Ser Ser Ser Arg Lys Tyr Thr Pro Leu Glu Gln Gln Val Val 100 105 110 Glu Leu Lys Ser Lys Tyr Pro Asp Val Val Leu Met Val Glu Val Gly 115 120 125 Tyr Arg Tyr Arg Phe Phe Gly Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Ala Ala Arg Val 130 135 140 Leu Gly Ile Tyr Ala His Met Asp His Asn Phe Met Thr Ala Ser Val 145 150 155 160 Pro Thr Phe Arg Leu Asn Phe His Val Arg Arg Leu Val Asn Ala Gly 165 170 175 Tyr Lys Ile Gly Val Val Lys Gln Thr Glu Thr Ala Ala Ile Lys Ser 180 185 190 His Gly Ala Asn Arg Thr Gly Pro Phe Phe Arg Gly Leu Ser Ala Leu 195 200 205 Tyr Thr Lys Ala Thr Leu Glu Ala Ala Glu Asp Ile Ser Gly Gly Cys 210 215 220 Gly Gly Glu Glu Gly Phe Gly Ser Gln Ser Asn Phe Leu Val Cys Val 225 230 235 240 Val Asp Glu Arg Val Lys Ser Glu Thr Leu Gly Cys Gly Ile Glu Met 245 250 255 Ser Phe Asp Val Arg Val Gly Val Val Gly Val Glu Ile Ser Thr Gly 260 265 270 Glu Val Val Tyr Glu Glu Phe Asn Asp Asn Phe Met Arg Ser Gly Leu 275 280 285 Glu Ala Val Ile Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Ala Glu Leu Leu Leu Gly Gln 290 295 300 Pro Leu Ser Gln Gln Thr Glu Lys Phe Leu Val Ala His Ala Gly Pro 305 310 315 320 Thr Ser Asn Val Arg Val Glu Arg Ala Ser Leu Asp Cys Phe Ser Asn 325 330 335 Gly Asn Ala Val Asp Glu Val Ile Ser Leu Cys Glu Lys Ile Ser Ala 340 345 350 Gly Asn Leu Glu Asp Asp Lys Glu Met Lys Leu Glu Ala Ala Glu Lys 355 360 365 Gly Met Ser Cys Leu Thr Val His Thr Ile Met Asn Met Pro His Leu 370 375 380 Thr Val Gln Ala Leu Ala Leu Thr Phe Cys His Leu Lys Gln Phe Gly 385 390 395 400 Phe Glu Arg Ile Leu Tyr Gln Gly Ala Ser Phe Arg Ser Leu Ser Ser 405 410 415 Asn Thr Glu Met Thr Leu Ser Ala Asn Thr Leu Gln Gln Leu Glu Val 420 425 430 Val Lys Asn Asn Ser Asp Gly Ser Glu Ser Gly Ser Leu Phe His Asn 435 440 445 Met Asn His Thr Leu Thr Val Tyr Gly Ser Arg Leu Leu Arg His Trp 450 455 460 Val Thr His Pro Leu Cys Asp Arg Asn Leu Ile Ser Ala Arg Leu Asp 465 470 475 480 Ala Val Ser Glu Ile Ser Ala Cys Met Gly Ser His Ser Ser Ser Gln 485 490 495 Leu Ser Ser Glu Leu Val Glu Glu Gly Ser Glu Arg Ala Ile Val Ser 500 505 510 Pro Glu Phe Tyr Leu Val Leu Ser Ser Val Leu Thr Ala Met Ser Arg 515 520 525 Ser Ser Asp Ile Gln Arg Gly Ile Thr Arg Ile Phe His Arg Thr Ala 530 535 540 Lys Ala Thr Glu Phe Ile Ala Val Met Glu Ala Ile Leu Leu Ala Gly 545 550 555 560 Lys Gln Ile Gln Arg Leu Gly Ile Lys Gln Asp Ser Glu Met Arg Ser 565 570 575 Met Gln Ser Ala Thr Val Arg Ser Thr Leu Leu Arg Lys Leu Ile Ser 580 585 590 Val Ile Ser Ser Pro Val Val Val Asp Asn Ala Gly Lys Leu Leu Ser 595 600 605 Ala Leu Asn Lys Glu Ala Ala Val Arg Gly Asp Leu Leu Asp Ile Leu 610 615 620 Ile Thr Ser Ser Asp Gln Phe Pro Glu Leu Ala Glu Ala Arg Gln Ala 625 630 635 640 Val Leu Val Ile Arg Glu Lys Leu Asp Ser Ser Ile Ala Ser Phe Arg 645 650 655 Lys Lys Leu Ala Ile Arg Asn Leu Glu Phe Leu Gln Val Ser Gly Ile 660 665 670 Thr His Leu Ile Glu Leu Pro Val Asp Ser Lys Val Pro Met Asn Trp 675 680 685 Val Lys Val Asn Ser Thr Lys Lys Thr Ile Arg Tyr His Pro Pro Glu 690 695 700 Ile Val Ala Gly Leu Asp Glu Leu Ala Leu Ala Thr Glu His Leu Ala 705 710 715 720 Ile Val Asn Arg Ala Ser Trp Asp Ser Phe Leu Lys Ser Phe Ser Arg 725 730 735 Tyr Tyr Thr Asp Phe Lys Ala Ala Val Gln Ala Leu Ala Ala Leu Asp 740 745 750 Cys Leu His Ser Leu Ser Thr Leu Ser Arg Asn Lys Asn Tyr Val Arg 755 760 765 Pro Glu Phe Val Asp Asp Cys Glu Pro Val Glu Ile Asn Ile Gln Ser 770 775 780 Gly Arg His Pro Val Leu Glu Thr Ile Leu Gln Asp Asn Phe Val Pro 785 790 795 800 Asn Asp Thr Ile Leu His Ala Glu Gly Glu Tyr Cys Gln Ile Ile Thr 805 810 815 Gly Pro Asn Met Gly Gly Lys Ser Cys Tyr Ile Arg Gln Val Ala Leu 820 825 830 Ile Ser Ile Met Ala Gln Val Gly Ser Phe Val Pro Ala Ser Phe Ala 835 840 845 Lys Leu His Val Leu Asp Gly Val Phe Thr Arg Met Gly Ala Ser Asp 850 855 860 Ser Ile Gln His Gly Arg Ser Thr Phe Leu Glu Glu Leu Ser Glu Ala 865 870 875 880 Ser His Ile Ile Arg Thr Cys Ser Ser Arg Ser Leu Val Ile Leu Asp 885 890 895 Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Ser Thr His Asp Gly Val Ala Ile Ala Tyr 900 905 910 Ala Thr Leu Gln His Leu Leu Ala Glu Lys Arg Cys Leu Val Leu Phe 915 920 925 Val Thr His Tyr Pro Glu Ile Ala Glu Ile Ser Asn Gly Phe Pro Gly 930 935 940 Ser Val Gly Thr Tyr His Val Ser Tyr Leu Thr Leu Gln Lys Asp Lys 945 950 955 960 Gly Ser Tyr Asp His Asp Asp Val Thr Tyr Leu Tyr Lys Leu Val Arg 965 970 975 Gly Leu Cys Ser Arg Ser Phe Gly Phe Lys Val Ala Gln Leu Ala Gln 980 985 990 Ile Pro Pro Ser Cys Ile Arg Arg Ala Ile Ser Met Ala Ala Lys Leu 995 1000 1005 Glu Ala Glu Val Arg Ala Arg Glu Arg Asn Thr Arg Met Gly Glu 1010 1015 1020 Pro Glu Gly His Glu Glu Pro Arg Gly Ala Glu Glu Ser Ile Ser 1025 1030 1035 Ala Leu Gly Asp Leu Phe Ala Asp Leu Lys Phe Ala Leu Ser Glu 1040 1045 1050 Glu Asp Pro Trp Lys Ala Phe Glu Phe Leu Lys His Ala Trp Lys 1055 1060 1065 Ile Ala Gly Lys Ile Arg Leu Lys Pro Thr Cys Ser Phe 1070 1075 1080 47 7080 DNA Arabidopsis thaliana 47 ctcttcgccg actgtttcac tccccttctc tctcactctc tgtgcgcttt attccactct 60 ccgatggctc cgtctcgccg acagatcagc ggaagatctc cgttggtgaa ccagcagcgt 120 caaatcacct ccttctttgg gaaatctgct tcatcatctt cttctccgtc tccatctcct 180 tcaccatctc tctccaataa gaaaaccccc aaatctaaca accctaaccc taaatctccg 240 tctccgtcac catctccgcc taagaaaacc cccaaattga accctaaccc tagttctaat 300 cttcctgctc gtagtcctag ccctggtcct gatactcctt ctcctgtaca gtccaagttt 360 aagaagcccc ttctcgtcat cggacagaca ccttcgcctc ctcaatcggt ggtaattact 420 tacggtgacg aggtggtggg gaagcaagtt agggtttatt ggcctttgga taaaaaatgg 480 tatgatggga gcgtgacgtt ttatgataag ggtgagggta agcatgtggt tgagtatgaa 540 gatggggaag aagagtcttt ggatttggga aaggagaaga ctgagtgggt ggttggggaa 600 aaatcaggag ataggtttaa tcgattgaaa cgaggcgctt cggctttgag aaaagttgtg 660 acggatagtg atgatgatgt ggagatgggt aatgtggaag aagataaaag tgacggtgat 720 gattctagcg atgaggattg gggaaagaat gttgggaagg aggtttgtga gagtgaagaa 780 gatgatgtgg agttggttga tgagaatgaa atggatgaag aagagttggt ggaagagaaa 840 gatgaagaaa cttctaaagt taatagagta tccaaaactg actctagaaa gcggaagact 900 agtgaagtaa cgaaatcagg tggtgagaag aaaagcaaga ctgatacagg cactatcttg 960 aaaggtttta aggcttctgt tgtggagcct gcgaagaaga ttggacaagg taaaccgaag 1020 agtctcttgt tgtaatcata tgcttgtatt tgcattgttt tagtttgtgg tatgtctctt 1080 gcactgactt ttgtttcaga tagtgtatgt tgttggttgc ttaatattat ttgtgtctta 1140 ctacagctga tagggtggtc aagggtttgg aagataacgt gttggatggg gatgctcttg 1200 ctagatttgg tgctcgtgat tctgagaaat tccgcttttt gggagtgtaa gtctttcaca 1260 aaaaaaattc catcttagag gctatttgct acggtggtta ggagtagaga atgtaaattt 1320 gtgtcttaag caatattgac ttctctactg gcaggagcat ctctggtttt cttttatctt 1380 catgatgtat tagtaggctg catgatccct attctagcta agttagttct gttaattatt 1440 tttggtgaac agagaccgaa gggatgctaa aaggagacgc cctactgatg agaattatga 1500 tccgaggaca ctctacctcc ctcctgattt tgtgaaaaaa ttaactggag gccaggtcag 1560 aagagcgcat ggaaatctgg ttcaggattt ttggtgaagc taatcaactt tcacttatat 1620 gattttgtgg ccttttttca gagacaatgg tgggagttta aagcaaagca tatggacaaa 1680 gttgtattct tcaaggtaga acgataatta cttatttcgt tataacttat ttattgatgg 1740 gagattctag gataaatggt cttcttttgt ggcaagcaga tgggtaaatt ctatgagctt 1800 tttgagatgg atgcacatgt cggagctaag gaactggata tacaatacat gaaggtaact 1860 gtttgttatg actcataact aggtgatgca tttgaagaca tctgttaaaa atgttaaaaa 1920 accgaaaatt tggcatcaga ttatgctaaa agggttcttt tcattggtgt tacattacaa 1980 atttctcctg tattgtctct aatgtatctc tctttacaag cccctgacat atgcatttat 2040 tttgtaggga gagcaacctc attgtggatt tccggagaag aatttttctg taaacattga 2100 gaaattagtt agaaaggttt gtttccagaa atatagcaac tccagttcaa gcgtgatcta 2160 tttcttgtta cgtgtagaga aattacattc atggcaaatg ctgtactttg ggtagaaata 2220 aagttgattg aattgaatgg aacagggcta tcgggtttta gttgtcgaac aaacagaaac 2280 acctgatcag ctggagcaac gccgaaaaga gacaggttcc aaggataaag tatgtcccac 2340 tatgaatcta atttagttgg cattatcagt tcaagtcaat ttgtttgctc ttgaaactaa 2400 aatttgttca ctttgggtga tgcctatgta gaaaaattat gatagggagg gctcatagtg 2460 acagaacttc tgtttttata ggttgtgaag cgcgaagtat gtgcagttgt tacaaaaggc 2520 acgctgacag atggggagat gctattaact aatccggatg catcttatct aatggccttg 2580 actgaaggag gagaaagttt aactaatcct acagcagagc acaattttgg tgtatgtttg 2640 gttgatgttg cgacacagaa gataatactg ggccaggtga gttctagttg atgaatggta 2700 cctggttgca cttatacgta acatttctcg gtgtatattg atggcatttt tttttcattc 2760 gtaccagttt aaggatgatc aagattgcag tgcattatct tgcctgctat ctgagatgag 2820 gccggtggaa attattaaac cagctaaggt gttgagttat gcaacagaga gaacaatagt 2880 tagacaaacc agaaatccct tagtaaataa tctcgttcca ctttctgaat tttgggattc 2940 ggagaagacc atatatgaag ttggaattat ctacaagcga atcaattgtc aaccgtcttc 3000 tgcttattct agtgagggaa agattctagg tgatggttca agctttcttc caaaaatgtt 3060 gtctgaatta gcaactgaag ataagaatgg tagcctggca ctctctgctc ttggtggtgc 3120 catttactac ctgcgacaag cattcttgga tgagagtctg cttagatttg caaagtttga 3180 atccctgcct tactgtgatt tcagcaacgt taatgagaag cagcacatgg ttcttgatgc 3240 tgctgctctt gaaaaccttg agatatttga aaacagtaga aatggaggct attcagggta 3300 aagtttctct atcttaccat gtattattaa acataattga tgtgttctaa atctagagtg 3360 ttgtcttttg aagaacgctg tatgctcaac tgaatcaatg tatcactgca tctgggaaac 3420 ggttactgaa aacatggctg gcaagacctt tatataatac ggaactgatc aaggaacgac 3480 aagatgctgt agcaattctg cgggtgagtc tttcaacaag ttgtttgact ttgctgctgt 3540 catttctctg tctctcaact agacaataac ttggcatctt ggtttcacat ttgatcattt 3600 ttcatgtctg tttcgctatc catggatctc tcctcagaat tacactattt ccccattatg 3660 ggtgttcaag accatttttg ccactgtttc actggcaaag atgatgtttt cctatgcgtt 3720 caactaacca tctatttcta gaacttattc cctaagatta taaaacttac tctgcttctt 3780 cagcatgtca aggctttcgt ttacactatc catctgacaa tgtattatgg tactgtccct 3840 tccctcaggg tgaaaatctt ccgtactcac tggaattccg gaagtcgttg tccagacttc 3900 cagacatgga acggttgatt gcacgtatgt tttctagcat gtaagggatt agctagattg 3960 agatgttaat tcttacatta tatgtttata ccaaagactt actaaacata tttgttaaac 4020 ttgtgttacg tgttatagtg aagctagtgg aagaaatggc gataaagtgg tgctatatga 4080 agatacagct aagaagcagg tacaggaatt catatcaact ctacgtggtt gtgaaacaat 4140 ggcagaagca tgctcttctc tccgtgctat cttgaagcat gatacatcca ggcggctgct 4200 tcatttacta actcctggta taatcaattt gctccatatt cacattctta tactggcaaa 4260 ttgcacagca tctcatatca tttctctgcc aggtcaaagt cttccaaata tatcatcctc 4320 cataaagtat ttcaaggatg cttttgactg ggtagaagct cacaattctg gacgtgtaat 4380 accccatgaa ggagcagatg aagagtatga ttgtgcctgc aaaacagtag aagaatttga 4440 gtccagtttg aaaaaacatc tgaaagagca acggaaatta ctcggagatg catcagtgag 4500 aattacttca ctattttttt ttactcctta aatggctaat caaccgaggg ttttctgatc 4560 agatctttgg tgctcttttg tcttcttatc cagataaact atgttacagt tggaaaagat 4620 gaatacctct tggaagttcc tgaaagttta agtgggagtg ttcctcatga ttatgaatta 4680 tgctcatcga aaaaggtaaa agttgtacca agtttcacat tctaaagaaa ttggcatttc 4740 gctttcgtca taacaagtcg atagtcttct cgtaattgct gtctgctgat atatttacta 4800 tatagagacc cttaatttta aacatgagat tttcttactt tttactctct ttcagggtgt 4860 ctctcgatat tggactccta ccataaagaa attattaaaa gagctatcac aagcaaaatc 4920 tgaaaaagag tcggccctga agagcatttc acagagattg attggacgtt tctgcgagca 4980 tcaagaaaaa tggagacaat tggtttctgc aacagctggt atggacaagt tcatgtttta 5040 aaaaaaaaaa attgtttaag gaattttcag catcttcctt cagaatatgt atcttgctta 5100 tccaattcct gttaattact gtcacccagt gttagctttg tgggtcgtcg cttggaccct 5160 tttcgttgtg aacatttgtt gagctagtta gaattgagtt tgatcccaca ctttatagat 5220 tgagttagaa gtaggcatgc agaagaaaat gaatcttagg cagacgtata gttcaatcac 5280 atcttataag caagaggttt cttgggtgga agattgtttt atagaattag gcatgcaaac 5340 aactttgcac ttagaccttt atgtggatac atttttgaca tgaattcttt ctattgcaga 5400 gctggacgtg ttgatcagcc tcgcttttgc aagtgattct tatgaaggag taagatgccg 5460 cccagtaata tctggttcta catctgatgg tgttccacac ttgtctgcca ctggtctagg 5520 gcatccagtt ctaaggggtg attcgttagg cagaggctct tttgtaccaa ataatgtaaa 5580 gataggtggt gctgagaaag ccagtttcat cctcctcaca ggccctaata tgggtggaaa 5640 atcaaccctt cttcgccaag tttgcttggc tgtaatcttg gctcaggtaa gctatcattt 5700 gaaaaaactt tgtaggcaat gggctttgac ccgtttaatt ttgatgaaag aaactcaagc 5760 aatgatgatc ttttcacaga ttggagcaga tgtcccagca gaaacctttg aggtttcgcc 5820 tgttgacaaa atttgtgtcc ggatgggtgc aaaagatcat atcatggcag gacaaagcac 5880 gtttttaaca gaactttcag aaactgcggt aatgttggta agtaatgttc attctgtttg 5940 tcaaattgat tacatgaagc tttctaagat aaatgtgaaa cttgccacag tggttaccct 6000 tttgagagtt ggtcacaggc tttgttaaac tatgcgaatg ccaacaaacg cactgataga 6060 atgttttata ttaataatat gcagacatca gccacccgaa actcgctggt ggtgctagat 6120 gagcttggac gaggaacagc cacatcagat gggcaagcca ttgcgtatgt tgaatcaatt 6180 attgcgtatc atgttttttg ggacttactg ttattgttca ctttatctaa aatatcttaa 6240 ctatttacag ggaatccgta cttgagcact tcatagaaaa ggtgcagtgt agaggattct 6300 tctctactca ttatcatcgt ctctctgtgg attatcaaac caatccaaag gtattgtgaa 6360 aagtgtctgc ttcagtttct gggtttgaaa gacttgagaa ctatcaataa taatctgatt 6420 gtttgtgtac attctgaaac ttgtcaaaaa ccgatcagtc ttgaatattt gtttggatag 6480 gtctcacttt gccatatggc atgtcaaata ggagaaggaa tcggtggagt agaagaagtt 6540 acatttctct atagattgac tcctggtgca tgtcctaaaa gttatggagt taacgttgct 6600 cggttagctg gtaagaacac tgaattctct actccatcac ctctactcag ttaaacagaa 6660 gcagtcactc atcaaattgt tttggtttta atctccatag gtcttccaga ttacgtactc 6720 cagagagccg tgataaaatc ccaagaattc gaggctttgt acggtaaaaa ccatagaaaa 6780 accgatcata aattagcagc aatgataaag cagatcatca gcagtgttgc atcagattct 6840 gattactcag cttcaaagga ctcattgtgt gagctacact ccatggccaa tacatttctc 6900 cggttaacca actaatttaa cagctctacg cctttccggt ttgtcgttct tcttgtaact 6960 ctttaaccaa ggtcaatcca cgagcttcgt cgtgtcaaat actaaaacct gagtcagcct 7020 gaaactaaac tcctgagtag agactcagtt ttgaggtgtg ggtttagctt ctgagtcttt 7080 48 1324 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 48 Met Ala Pro Ser Arg Arg Gln Ile Ser Gly Arg Ser Pro Leu Val Asn 1 5 10 15 Gln Gln Arg Gln Ile Thr Ser Phe Phe Gly Lys Ser Ala Ser Ser Ser 20 25 30 Ser Ser Pro Ser Pro Ser Pro Ser Pro Ser Leu Ser Asn Lys Lys Thr 35 40 45 Pro Lys Ser Asn Asn Pro Asn Pro Lys Ser Pro Ser Pro Ser Pro Ser 50 55 60 Pro Pro Lys Lys Thr Pro Lys Leu Asn Pro Asn Pro Ser Ser Asn Leu 65 70 75 80 Pro Ala Arg Ser Pro Ser Pro Gly Pro Asp Thr Pro Ser Pro Val Gln 85 90 95 Ser Lys Phe Lys Lys Pro Leu Leu Val Ile Gly Gln Thr Pro Ser Pro 100 105 110 Pro Gln Ser Val Val Ile Thr Tyr Gly Asp Glu Val Val Gly Lys Gln 115 120 125 Val Arg Val Tyr Trp Pro Leu Asp Lys Lys Trp Tyr Asp Gly Ser Val 130 135 140 Thr Phe Tyr Asp Lys Gly Glu Gly Lys His Val Val Glu Tyr Glu Asp 145 150 155 160 Gly Glu Glu Glu Ser Leu Asp Leu Gly Lys Glu Lys Thr Glu Trp Val 165 170 175 Val Gly Glu Lys Ser Gly Asp Arg Phe Asn Arg Leu Lys Arg Gly Ala 180 185 190 Ser Ala Leu Arg Lys Val Val Thr Asp Ser Asp Asp Asp Val Glu Met 195 200 205 Gly Asn Val Glu Glu Asp Lys Ser Asp Gly Asp Asp Ser Ser Asp Glu 210 215 220 Asp Trp Gly Lys Asn Val Gly Lys Glu Val Cys Glu Ser Glu Glu Asp 225 230 235 240 Asp Val Glu Leu Val Asp Glu Asn Glu Met Asp Glu Glu Glu Leu Val 245 250 255 Glu Glu Lys Asp Glu Glu Thr Ser Lys Val Asn Arg Val Ser Lys Thr 260 265 270 Asp Ser Arg Lys Arg Lys Thr Ser Glu Val Thr Lys Ser Gly Gly Glu 275 280 285 Lys Lys Ser Lys Thr Asp Thr Gly Thr Ile Leu Lys Gly Phe Lys Ala 290 295 300 Ser Val Val Glu Pro Ala Lys Lys Ile Gly Gln Ala Asp Arg Val Val 305 310 315 320 Lys Gly Leu Glu Asp Asn Val Leu Asp Gly Asp Ala Leu Ala Arg Phe 325 330 335 Gly Ala Arg Asp Ser Glu Lys Phe Arg Phe Leu Gly Val Asp Arg Arg 340 345 350 Asp Ala Lys Arg Arg Arg Pro Thr Asp Glu Asn Tyr Asp Pro Arg Thr 355 360 365 Leu Tyr Leu Pro Pro Asp Phe Val Lys Lys Leu Thr Gly Gly Gln Arg 370 375 380 Gln Trp Trp Glu Phe Lys Ala Lys His Met Asp Lys Val Val Phe Phe 385 390 395 400 Lys Met Gly Lys Phe Tyr Glu Leu Phe Glu Met Asp Ala His Val Gly 405 410 415 Ala Lys Glu Leu Asp Ile Gln Tyr Met Lys Gly Glu Gln Pro His Cys 420 425 430 Gly Phe Pro Glu Lys Asn Phe Ser Val Asn Ile Glu Lys Leu Val Arg 435 440 445 Lys Gly Tyr Arg Val Leu Val Val Glu Gln Thr Glu Thr Pro Asp Gln 450 455 460 Leu Glu Gln Arg Arg Lys Glu Thr Gly Ser Lys Asp Lys Val Val Lys 465 470 475 480 Arg Glu Val Cys Ala Val Val Thr Lys Gly Thr Leu Thr Asp Gly Glu 485 490 495 Met Leu Leu Thr Asn Pro Asp Ala Ser Tyr Leu Met Ala Leu Thr Glu 500 505 510 Gly Gly Glu Ser Leu Thr Asn Pro Thr Ala Glu His Asn Phe Gly Val 515 520 525 Cys Leu Val Asp Val Ala Thr Gln Lys Ile Ile Leu Gly Gln Phe Lys 530 535 540 Asp Asp Gln Asp Cys Ser Ala Leu Ser Cys Leu Leu Ser Glu Met Arg 545 550 555 560 Pro Val Glu Ile Ile Lys Pro Ala Lys Val Leu Ser Tyr Ala Thr Glu 565 570 575 Arg Thr Ile Val Arg Gln Thr Arg Asn Pro Leu Val Asn Asn Leu Val 580 585 590 Pro Leu Ser Glu Phe Trp Asp Ser Glu Lys Thr Ile Tyr Glu Val Gly 595 600 605 Ile Ile Tyr Lys Arg Ile Asn Cys Gln Pro Ser Ser Ala Tyr Ser Ser 610 615 620 Glu Gly Lys Ile Leu Gly Asp Gly Ser Ser Phe Leu Pro Lys Met Leu 625 630 635 640 Ser Glu Leu Ala Thr Glu Asp Lys Asn Gly Ser Leu Ala Leu Ser Ala 645 650 655 Leu Gly Gly Ala Ile Tyr Tyr Leu Arg Gln Ala Phe Leu Asp Glu Ser 660 665 670 Leu Leu Arg Phe Ala Lys Phe Glu Ser Leu Pro Tyr Cys Asp Phe Ser 675 680 685 Asn Val Asn Glu Lys Gln His Met Val Leu Asp Ala Ala Ala Leu Glu 690 695 700 Asn Leu Glu Ile Phe Glu Asn Ser Arg Asn Gly Gly Tyr Ser Gly Thr 705 710 715 720 Leu Tyr Ala Gln Leu Asn Gln Cys Ile Thr Ala Ser Gly Lys Arg Leu 725 730 735 Leu Lys Thr Trp Leu Ala Arg Pro Leu Tyr Asn Thr Glu Leu Ile Lys 740 745 750 Glu Arg Gln Asp Ala Val Ala Ile Leu Arg Gly Glu Asn Leu Pro Tyr 755 760 765 Ser Leu Glu Phe Arg Lys Ser Leu Ser Arg Leu Pro Asp Met Glu Arg 770 775 780 Leu Ile Ala Arg Met Phe Ser Ser Ile Glu Ala Ser Gly Arg Asn Gly 785 790 795 800 Asp Lys Val Val Leu Tyr Glu Asp Thr Ala Lys Lys Gln Val Gln Glu 805 810 815 Phe Ile Ser Thr Leu Arg Gly Cys Glu Thr Met Ala Glu Ala Cys Ser 820 825 830 Ser Leu Arg Ala Ile Leu Lys His Asp Thr Ser Arg Arg Leu Leu His 835 840 845 Leu Leu Thr Pro Gly Gln Ser Leu Pro Asn Ile Ser Ser Ser Ile Lys 850 855 860 Tyr Phe Lys Asp Ala Phe Asp Trp Val Glu Ala His Asn Ser Gly Arg 865 870 875 880 Val Ile Pro His Glu Gly Ala Asp Glu Glu Tyr Asp Cys Ala Cys Lys 885 890 895 Thr Val Glu Glu Phe Glu Ser Ser Leu Lys Lys His Leu Lys Glu Gln 900 905 910 Arg Lys Leu Leu Gly Asp Ala Ser Ile Asn Tyr Val Thr Val Gly Lys 915 920 925 Asp Glu Tyr Leu Leu Glu Val Pro Glu Ser Leu Ser Gly Ser Val Pro 930 935 940 His Asp Tyr Glu Leu Cys Ser Ser Lys Lys Gly Val Ser Arg Tyr Trp 945 950 955 960 Thr Pro Thr Ile Lys Lys Leu Leu Lys Glu Leu Ser Gln Ala Lys Ser 965 970 975 Glu Lys Glu Ser Ala Leu Lys Ser Ile Ser Gln Arg Leu Ile Gly Arg 980 985 990 Phe Cys Glu His Gln Glu Lys Trp Arg Gln Leu Val Ser Ala Thr Ala 995 1000 1005 Glu Leu Asp Val Leu Ile Ser Leu Ala Phe Ala Ser Asp Ser Tyr 1010 1015 1020 Glu Gly Val Arg Cys Arg Pro Val Ile Ser Gly Ser Thr Ser Asp 1025 1030 1035 Gly Val Pro His Leu Ser Ala Thr Gly Leu Gly His Pro Val Leu 1040 1045 1050 Arg Gly Asp Ser Leu Gly Arg Gly Ser Phe Val Pro Asn Asn Val 1055 1060 1065 Lys Ile Gly Gly Ala Glu Lys Ala Ser Phe Ile Leu Leu Thr Gly 1070 1075 1080 Pro Asn Met Gly Gly Lys Ser Thr Leu Leu Arg Gln Val Cys Leu 1085 1090 1095 Ala Val Ile Leu Ala Gln Ile Gly Ala Asp Val Pro Ala Glu Thr 1100 1105 1110 Phe Glu Val Ser Pro Val Asp Lys Ile Cys Val Arg Met Gly Ala 1115 1120 1125 Lys Asp His Ile Met Ala Gly Gln Ser Thr Phe Leu Thr Glu Leu 1130 1135 1140 Ser Glu Thr Ala Val Met Leu Thr Ser Ala Thr Arg Asn Ser Leu 1145 1150 1155 Val Val Leu Asp Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Ala Thr Ser Asp Gly 1160 1165 1170 Gln Ala Ile Ala Glu Ser Val Leu Glu His Phe Ile Glu Lys Val 1175 1180 1185 Gln Cys Arg Gly Phe Phe Ser Thr His Tyr His Arg Leu Ser Val 1190 1195 1200 Asp Tyr Gln Thr Asn Pro Lys Val Ser Leu Cys His Met Ala Cys 1205 1210 1215 Gln Ile Gly Glu Gly Ile Gly Gly Val Glu Glu Val Thr Phe Leu 1220 1225 1230 Tyr Arg Leu Thr Pro Gly Ala Cys Pro Lys Ser Tyr Gly Val Asn 1235 1240 1245 Val Ala Arg Leu Ala Gly Leu Pro Asp Tyr Val Leu Gln Arg Ala 1250 1255 1260 Val Ile Lys Ser Gln Glu Phe Glu Ala Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asn His 1265 1270 1275 Arg Lys Thr Asp His Lys Leu Ala Ala Met Ile Lys Gln Ile Ile 1280 1285 1290 Ser Ser Val Ala Ser Asp Ser Asp Tyr Ser Ala Ser Lys Asp Ser 1295 1300 1305 Leu Cys Glu Leu His Ser Met Ala Asn Thr Phe Leu Arg Leu Thr 1310 1315 1320 Asn 49 2501 DNA Oryza sativa 49 cggcacgaga ttttgcagtc tcctctcctc ctccgctcga gcgagtgagt cccgaccacg 60 tcgctgccct cgcctcaccg ccggccaacc gccgtgacga gagatcgagc agggcggggc 120 atggacgagc cttcgccgcg cggaggtggg tgcgccgggg agccgccccg catccggagg 180 ttggaggagt cggtggtgaa ccgcatcgcg gcgggggagg tgatccagcg gccgtcgtcg 240 gcggtgaagg agctcatcga gaacagcctc gacgctggcg cctccagcgt ctccgttgcg 300 gtgaaggacg gtggcctcaa gctcatccag gtctccgatg acggccatgg catcaggttt 360 gaggatttgg caatattgtg cgaaaggcat actacctcaa agttatctgc atacgaggat 420 ctgcagacca taaaatcgat ggggttcaga ggggaggctt tggctagtat gacttatgtt 480 ggccatgtta ccgtgacaac gataacagaa ggccaattgc acggctacag ggtttcttac 540 agagatggtg taatggagaa tgagcctaag ccttgcgctg cggtgaaagg aactcaagtc 600 atggttgaaa atctatttta caacatggta gcccgcaaga aaacattgca gaactccaat 660 gatgactacc ccaagatcgt agacttcatc agtcggtttg cagtccatca catcaacgtt 720 accttctctt gcagaaagca tggagccaat agagcagatg ttcatagtgc aagtacatcc 780 tcaaggttag atgctatcag gagtgtctat ggggcttctg tcgttcgtga tctcatagaa 840 ataaaggttt catatgagga tgctgcagat tcaatcttca agatggatgg ttacatctca 900 aatgcaaatt atgtggcaaa gaagattaca atgattcttt tcataaatga taggcttgta 960 gactgtactg ctttgaaaag agctattgaa tttgtgtact ctgcaacatt gcctcaagca 1020 tccaaacctt tcatatacat gtccatacat cttccatcag aacacgtgga tgttaatata 1080 cacccaacca agaaagaggt tagccttttg aatcaagagc gtattattga aacaataaga 1140 aatgctattg aggaaaaact gatgaattct aatacaacca ggatattcca aactcaggca 1200 ttaaacttat cagggattgc tcaagctaac ccacaaaagg ataaggtttc tgaggccagt 1260 atgggttctg gaacaaaatc tcaaaaaatt cctgtgagcc aaatggtcag aacagatcca 1320 cgcaatccat ctggaagatt gcacacctac tggcacgggc aatcttcaaa tcttgaaaag 1380 aaatttgatc ttgtatctgt aagaaatgtt gtaagatcaa ggagaaacca aaaagatgct 1440 ggtgatttgt caagccgtca tgagctcctt gtggaaatag attctagctt ccatcctggc 1500 cttttggaca ttgtcaagaa ctgcacatat gttggacttg ccgatgaagc ctttgctttg 1560 atacaacaca atacccgctt ataccttgta aatgtggtaa atattagtaa agaacttatg 1620 taccagcaag ctttgtgccg ttttgggaac ttcaatgcta ttcagctcag tgaaccagct 1680 ccacttcagg agttgctggt gatggcactg aaagacgatg aattgatgag tgatgaaaag 1740 gatgatgaga aactggagat tgcagaagta aacactgaga tactaaaaga aaatgctgag 1800 atgattaatg agtacttttc tattcacatt gatcaagatg gcaaattgac aagacttcct 1860 gttgtactgg accagtacac ccctgatatg gaccgtcttc cagaatttgt gttggcttta 1920 ggaaatgatg ttacttggga tgacgagaaa gagtgcttca gaacagtagc ttctgctgta 1980 ggaaacttct atgcacttca tcccccaatc cttccaaatc catctgggaa tggcattcat 2040 ttatacaaga aaaatagaga ttcaatggct gatgaacatg ctgagaatga tctaatatca 2100 gatgaaaatg acgttgatca agaacttctt gcggaagcag aagcagcatg ggcccaacgt 2160 gagtggacca ttcagcatgt cttgtttcca tccatgcgac ttttcctcaa gcccccgaag 2220 tcaatggcaa cagatggaac gtttgtgcag gttgcttcct tggagaaact ctacaagatt 2280 tttgaaaggt gttagctcat aagtgagaaa atgaaggcag agtaagatca tgattcatgg 2340 agtgtttttg aaaatgtgta taatttcacc gtattatgta ctttgatagt gtctgtagaa 2400 actgaagaaa gaaagatggc tttacttctg aattgaaagt taacgatgcc agcaattgta 2460 tattctgatc aaccaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa a 2501 50 724 PRT Oryza sativa 50 Met Asp Glu Pro Ser Pro Arg Gly Gly Gly Cys Ala Gly Glu Pro Pro 1 5 10 15 Arg Ile Arg Arg Leu Glu Glu Ser Val Val Asn Arg Ile Ala Ala Gly 20 25 30 Glu Val Ile Gln Arg Pro Ser Ser Ala Val Lys Glu Leu Ile Glu Asn 35 40 45 Ser Leu Asp Ala Gly Ala Ser Ser Val Ser Val Ala Val Lys Asp Gly 50 55 60 Gly Leu Lys Leu Ile Gln Val Ser Asp Asp Gly His Gly Ile Arg Phe 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Leu Ala Ile Leu Cys Glu Arg His Thr Thr Ser Lys Leu Ser 85 90 95 Ala Tyr Glu Asp Leu Gln Thr Ile Lys Ser Met Gly Phe Arg Gly Glu 100 105 110 Ala Leu Ala Ser Met Thr Tyr Val Gly His Val Thr Val Thr Thr Ile 115 120 125 Thr Glu Gly Gln Leu His Gly Tyr Arg Val Ser Tyr Arg Asp Gly Val 130 135 140 Met Glu Asn Glu Pro Lys Pro Cys Ala Ala Val Lys Gly Thr Gln Val 145 150 155 160 Met Val Glu Asn Leu Phe Tyr Asn Met Val Ala Arg Lys Lys Thr Leu 165 170 175 Gln Asn Ser Asn Asp Asp Tyr Pro Lys Ile Val Asp Phe Ile Ser Arg 180 185 190 Phe Ala Val His His Ile Asn Val Thr Phe Ser Cys Arg Lys His Gly 195 200 205 Ala Asn Arg Ala Asp Val His Ser Ala Ser Thr Ser Ser Arg Leu Asp 210 215 220 Ala Ile Arg Ser Val Tyr Gly Ala Ser Val Val Arg Asp Leu Ile Glu 225 230 235 240 Ile Lys Val Ser Tyr Glu Asp Ala Ala Asp Ser Ile Phe Lys Met Asp 245 250 255 Gly Tyr Ile Ser Asn Ala Asn Tyr Val Ala Lys Lys Ile Thr Met Ile 260 265 270 Leu Phe Ile Asn Asp Arg Leu Val Asp Cys Thr Ala Leu Lys Arg Ala 275 280 285 Ile Glu Phe Val Tyr Ser Ala Thr Leu Pro Gln Ala Ser Lys Pro Phe 290 295 300 Ile Tyr Met Ser Ile His Leu Pro Ser Glu His Val Asp Val Asn Ile 305 310 315 320 His Pro Thr Lys Lys Glu Val Ser Leu Leu Asn Gln Glu Arg Ile Ile 325 330 335 Glu Thr Ile Arg Asn Ala Ile Glu Glu Lys Leu Met Asn Ser Asn Thr 340 345 350 Thr Arg Ile Phe Gln Thr Gln Ala Leu Asn Leu Ser Gly Ile Ala Gln 355 360 365 Ala Asn Pro Gln Lys Asp Lys Val Ser Glu Ala Ser Met Gly Ser Gly 370 375 380 Thr Lys Ser Gln Lys Ile Pro Val Ser Gln Met Val Arg Thr Asp Pro 385 390 395 400 Arg Asn Pro Ser Gly Arg Leu His Thr Tyr Trp His Gly Gln Ser Ser 405 410 415 Asn Leu Glu Lys Lys Phe Asp Leu Val Ser Val Arg Asn Val Val Arg 420 425 430 Ser Arg Arg Asn Gln Lys Asp Ala Gly Asp Leu Ser Ser Arg His Glu 435 440 445 Leu Leu Val Glu Ile Asp Ser Ser Phe His Pro Gly Leu Leu Asp Ile 450 455 460 Val Lys Asn Cys Thr Tyr Val Gly Leu Ala Asp Glu Ala Phe Ala Leu 465 470 475 480 Ile Gln His Asn Thr Arg Leu Tyr Leu Val Asn Val Val Asn Ile Ser 485 490 495 Lys Glu Leu Met Tyr Gln Gln Ala Leu Cys Arg Phe Gly Asn Phe Asn 500 505 510 Ala Ile Gln Leu Ser Glu Pro Ala Pro Leu Gln Glu Leu Leu Val Met 515 520 525 Ala Leu Lys Asp Asp Glu Leu Met Ser Asp Glu Lys Asp Asp Glu Lys 530 535 540 Leu Glu Ile Ala Glu Val Asn Thr Glu Ile Leu Lys Glu Asn Ala Glu 545 550 555 560 Met Ile Asn Glu Tyr Phe Ser Ile His Ile Asp Gln Asp Gly Lys Leu 565 570 575 Thr Arg Leu Pro Val Val Leu Asp Gln Tyr Thr Pro Asp Met Asp Arg 580 585 590 Leu Pro Glu Phe Val Leu Ala Leu Gly Asn Asp Val Thr Trp Asp Asp 595 600 605 Glu Lys Glu Cys Phe Arg Thr Val Ala Ser Ala Val Gly Asn Phe Tyr 610 615 620 Ala Leu His Pro Pro Ile Leu Pro Asn Pro Ser Gly Asn Gly Ile His 625 630 635 640 Leu Tyr Lys Lys Asn Arg Asp Ser Met Ala Asp Glu His Ala Glu Asn 645 650 655 Asp Leu Ile Ser Asp Glu Asn Asp Val Asp Gln Glu Leu Leu Ala Glu 660 665 670 Ala Glu Ala Ala Trp Ala Gln Arg Glu Trp Thr Ile Gln His Val Leu 675 680 685 Phe Pro Ser Met Arg Leu Phe Leu Lys Pro Pro Lys Ser Met Ala Thr 690 695 700 Asp Gly Thr Phe Val Gln Val Ala Ser Leu Glu Lys Leu Tyr Lys Ile 705 710 715 720 Phe Glu Arg Cys 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein said hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for said antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a gene selected from the group consisting of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising a screen for hypermutated hybridomas that also produce antibodies in higher titers than said parental hybridomas.
 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising inactivation of said dominant negative allele of said mismatch repair gene, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.
 6. The method of claim 4 further comprising inactivation of said dominant negative allele of said mismatch repair gene, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 8. The method of claim 4 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 9. The method of claim 1 or 4 further comprising the step of inactivating said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene by knocking out said dominant negative allele or removing an inducer of said dominant negative allele.
 10. The method of claim 1 further comprising incubating said parental hybridoma cells with a chemical mutagen.
 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the dominant negative mismatch repair gene is introduced into said hybridoma cell after the fusion of said myeloma with said immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 12. The method of claim 1 wherein said myeloma cells express a dominant negative mismatch repair gene which is also expressed in said hybridoma cells.
 13. A hybridoma cell producing high affinity antibodies produced by the method of claim 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, or
 10. 14. An antibody produced by a hybridoma cell of claim
 13. 15. A method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein said hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen of said hypermutated hybridoma cells for antibodies produced in higher titers than that produced by said parental hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies.
 16. The method of claim 15 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is selected from the group consisting of a dominant negative allele of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR.
 17. The method of claim 15 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 18. The method of claim 15 further comprising inactivation of said dominant negative allele of said mismatch repair gene, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.
 19. The method of claim 15 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 20. The method of claim 18 wherein said dominant negative allele ofa mismatch repair gene is inactivated by knocking out said dominant negative allele or removing an inducer of said dominant negative allele.
 21. The method of claim 15 further comprising incubating said parental hybridoma cells with a chemical mutagen.
 22. The method of claim 15 wherein the dominant negative mismatch repair gene is introduced into said hybridoma cell after the fusion of said myeloma with said immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 23. The method of claim 15 wherein said myeloma cells express a dominant negative mismatch repair gene which is also expressed in said hybridoma cells.
 24. A hybridoma cell producing high affinity antibodies produced by the method of claim 15, 18, or
 21. 25. An antibody produced by a hybridoma cell of claim
 24. 26. A recombinant myeloma cell comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a dominant negative mismatch repair protein.
 27. The recombinant myeloma cell of claim 26 wherein said mismatch repair protein is selected from the group consisting of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes.
 28. The recombinant myeloma cell of claim 26 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 29. The recombinant myeloma cell of claim 26 wherein said myeloma cell does not express immunoglobulin genes.
 30. The recombinant myeloma cell of claim 29 wherein said myeloma cell is HAT sensitive.
 31. The recombinant myeloma cell of claim 30 wherein said myeloma cell is EBV-negative.
 32. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell, wherein said mammalian expression cell expresses a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (e) performing a screen for mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized human immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 33. The method of claim 32 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell prior to introduction of said immunoglobulin genes.
 34. The method of claim 32 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell after introduction of said immunoglobulin genes.
 35. The method of claim 32 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell simultaneously said immunoglobulin genes.
 36. The method of claim 32 wherein said mismatch repair gene is selected from the group consisting of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes.
 37. The method of claim 32 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 38. The method of claim 32 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 39. A mammalian expression cell produced by the method of claim
 32. 40. An antibody produced by a mammalian expression cell of claim
 39. 41. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells, wherein said hybridoma cells express a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for said antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 42. The method of claim 41 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is expressed in said myeloma cell and in said hybridoma cell.
 43. The method of claim 41 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said hybridoma cell after said fusion.
 44. The method of claim 41 wherein said mismatch repair gene is selected from the group consisting of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes.
 45. The method of claim 41 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 46. The method of claim 41 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 47. A mammalian expression cell produced by the method of claim
 41. 48. An antibody produced by a mammalian expression cell of claim
 47. 49. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a parental mammalian expression cell, wherein said mammalian expression cell expresses a dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene; (e) incubating said parental mammalian expression cell to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated mammalian expression cells; (f) performing a screen of hypermutable mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells; and (g) performing a screen of hypermutable mammalian expression cells that secrete higher titers of antibodies than parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 50. The method of claim 49 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell prior to introduction of said immunoglobulin genes.
 51. The method of claim 49 wherein said dominant negative allele ofa mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell after introduction of said immunoglobulin genes.
 52. The method of claim 49 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene is introduced into said mammalian expression cell simultaneously said immunoglobulin genes.
 53. The method of claim 49 wherein said mismatch repair gene is selected from the group consisting of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes.
 54. The method of claim 49 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 55. The method of claim 49 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 56. The method of claim 49 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 57. Mammalian expression cells produced by the method of claim
 49. 58. Antibodies produced by the mammalian expression cells of claim
 57. 59. A recombinant, hypermutable mammalian expression cell comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a dominant negative mismatch repair protein.
 60. The recombinant, hypermutable mammalian expression cell of claim 59 wherein said mismatch repair protein is selected from the group consisting of PMS2, PMS1, PMSR3, PMSR2, PMSR6, MLH1, GTBP, MSH3, MSH2, MLH3, or MSH1, and homologs of PMSR genes.
 61. The recombinant, hypermutable mammalian expression cell of claim 59 wherein said dominant negative allele of a mismatch repair gene comprises a dominant negative allele of a PMS2 gene.
 62. A method for producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for said antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high-affinity antibodies.
 63. The method of claim 62 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is selected from the group consisting of an anthracene, ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein.
 64. The method of claim 62 wherein said inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups.
 65. The method of claim 64 wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl.
 66. The method of claim 62 further comprising a screen for hypermutated hybridomas that also produce antibodies in higher titers than said parental hybridomas.
 67. The method of claim 62 further comprising the step of removing said chemical inhibitor from said growth medium following hypermutation, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.
 68. The method of claim 66 further comprising the step of removing said chemical inhibitor from said growth medium following hypermutation, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.
 69. The method of claim 62 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 70. The method of claim 66 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 71. A hybridoma cell produced by the method of claim 62, 66, 67, or
 68. 72. An antibody produced by a hybridoma cell of claim
 71. 73. A method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen of said hypermutated hybridoma cells for antigen-specific antibodies produced in higher titers than that produced by said parental hybridoma cells; and (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce higher titers of antibodies than that produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells that produce high titers of antibodies.
 74. The method of claim 73 wherein said chemical inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of an anthracene, ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein.
 75. The method of claim 74 wherein said inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups.
 76. The method of claim 75 wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl.
 77. The method of claim 73 further comprising the step of removing said chemical inhibitor from said growth medium following hypermutation, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma.
 78. The method of claim 73 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 79. A hybridoma cell produced by the method of claim 73 or
 77. 80. An antibody produced by a hybridoma of claim
 79. 81. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) performing a screen for binding of antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells to antigen; (d) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; (e) incubating said mammalian expression cell in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair; (f) performing a screen for mammalian expression cells that secrete antibodies with higher affinity for antigen as compared to antibodies produced from said hybridoma cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 82. The method of claim 81 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is selected from the group consisting of an anthracene, ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein.
 83. The method of claim 82 wherein said inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups.
 84. The method of claim 83 wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl.
 85. The method of claim 81 further comprising screen, prior to collection of said antibodies from said hypermutated hybridoma cells, for hypermutated hybridomas that also produce antibodies in higher titers than said parental hybridomas.
 86. The method of claim 81 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 87. The method of claim 81 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 88. The method of claim 81 further comprising removing said chemical inhibitor, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.
 89. A mammalian expression cell produced by the method of claim 81, 85, or
 88. 90. An antibody produced by a mammalian expression cell of claim
 89. 91. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high affinity antibodies to a selected antigen from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells; (c) incubating said hybridoma cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair to form hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with greater affinity for said antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma cells into a mammalian expression cell, thereby forming parental mammalian expression cells; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 92. The method of claim 91 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is selected from the group consisting of an anthracene, ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein.
 93. The method of claim 91 wherein said inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups.
 94. The method of claim 92 wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl.
 95. The method of claim 91 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 96. The method of claim 91 further comprising the steps of: incubating said mammalian expression cell in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming a hypermutated mammalian expression cell; and screening for hypermutated mammalian expression cells that produce a higher titer of antibodies that said parental mammalian expression cells.
 97. The method of claim 91 further comprising removing said chemical inhibitor, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated hybridoma cells.
 98. The method of claim 96 further comprising removing said chemical inhibitor, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.
 99. The method of claim 96 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 100. A mammalian expression cell produced by the method of claim 91, 95, 96, or
 97. 101. An antibody produced by a mammalian expression cell of claim
 100. 102. A method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells in high titers comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein said donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein said parental hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; (f) performing a second screen for hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce increased titers of antibodies as compared with said parental hybridoma cells; (g) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies in higher titers than produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies.
 103. The method of claim 102 further comprising the step of introducing a wild-type gene for mismatch repair into said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell to complement the mismatch repair deficiency, thereby restabilizing the genome of said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell.
 104. The method of claim 102 further comprising incubating said parental hybridoma cells with a chemical mutagen.
 105. A hybridoma cell produced by the method of claim 102, 103, or
 104. 106. An antibody produced by a hybridoma cell of claim
 105. 107. A method for producing hybridoma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells in high titers comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing said immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating said parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from said hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by said parental hybridoma cells; (f) performing a second screen for hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce increased titers of antibodies as compared with parental hybridoma cells; (g) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies in higher titers than produced by said parental hybridoma cells; thereby producing hybridoma cells producing high titers of high-affinity antibodies.
 108. The method of claim 107 further comprising introducing a wild-type gene for mismatch repair into said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell to complement the mismatch repair deficiency, thereby restabilizing the genome of said selected hypermutated hybridoma cell.
 109. The method of claim 107 further comprising incubating said parental hybridoma cells with a chemical mutagen.
 110. The method of claim 107 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 111. The method of claim 107 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 112. A hybridoma cell produced by the method of claim 107, 108, or
 109. 113. An antibody produced by a hybridoma cell of claim
 112. 114. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titers from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, wherein the donor cells are derived from a donor that is naturally deficient in mismatch repair; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells to form parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing a mammalian expression cell that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies in high titer from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 115. The method of claim 114 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 116. The method of claim 114 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 117. The method of claim 114 further comprising the steps of: incubating the mammalian expression cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated mammalian expression cells; and screening said hypermutated mammalian expression cells for higher production of antibodies than that of the parental mammalian expression cells.
 118. The method of claim 117 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is selected from the group consisting of an anthracene, ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein.
 119. The method of claim 117 wherein said inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups.
 120. The method of claim 119 wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl.
 121. The method of claim 117 further comprising the step of removing said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair from the hypermutated mammalian expression cells, thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.
 122. A mammalian expression cell produced by the method of claim 114, 117, 118, or
 121. 123. An antibody produced by a mammalian expression cell of claim
 122. 124. A method for producing mammalian expression cells that produce high-affinity antibodies in high titer from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) combining donor cells comprising immunoglobulin-producing cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro; (b) fusing the immunoglobulin-producing cells with myeloma cells, wherein the myeloma cells are naturally deficient in mismatch repair, thereby forming parental hybridoma cells, wherein the hybridoma cells are deficient in mismatch repair; (c) incubating the parental hybridoma cells to allow for mutagenesis, thereby forming hypermutated hybridoma cells; (d) performing a screen for binding of antibodies to antigen for antibodies produced from the hypermutated hybridoma cells; (e) selecting hypermutated hybridoma cells that produce antibodies with enhanced affinity for the antigen than antibodies produced by the parental hybridoma cells; and (f) cloning immunoglobulin genes from said hypermutated hybridoma cell into a mammalian expression cell; thereby producing mammalian expression cells that produce high titers of high-affinity antibodies from in vitro immunized immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 125. The method of claim 124 wherein said high affinity antibodies have an affinity of at least about 1×10⁷ M⁻¹ to about 1×10¹⁴ M⁻¹.
 126. The method of claim 124 wherein said higher titer of said antibodies is at least about 1.5-8 fold greater that the titer produced by said parental hybridoma cell.
 127. The method of claim 124 further comprising the steps of: incubating the mammalian expression cells in the presence of at least one chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair, thereby forming hypermutated mammalian expression cells; and screening said hypermutated mammalian expression cells for higher production of antibodies than that of the parental mammalian expression cells.
 128. The method of claim 127 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is selected from the group consisting of an anthracene, ATPase inhibitor, a nuclease inhibitor, an RNA interference molecule, a polymerase inhibitor and an antisense oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes to a nucleotide encoding a mismatch repair protein.
 129. The method of claim 127 wherein said inhibitor is an anthracene having the formula:

wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, N-alkyl, O-alkenyl, S-alkenyl, N-alkenyl, O-alkynyl, S-alkynyl, N-alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, aralkyloxy, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, arylsulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, guanidino, carboxy, an alcohol, an amino acid, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, CN, NO₂, an aldehyde group, an ester, an ether, a crown ether, a ketone, an organosulfur compound, an organometallic group, a carboxylic acid, an organosilicon or a carbohydrate that optionally contains one or more alkylated hydroxyl groups; wherein said heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl contain at least one heteroatom that is oxygen, sulfur, a metal atom, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen; and wherein said substituents of said substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl are halogen, CN, NO₂, lower alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, aralkoxy, guanidino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, carboxy and amino; and wherein said amino groups are optionally substituted with an acyl group, or 1 to 3 aryl or lower alkyl groups.
 130. The method of claim 129 wherein R₁-R₁₀ are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, tolyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxypropyl, or hydroxybutyl.
 131. The method of claim 127 further comprising the step of removing said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair from the hypermutated mammalian expression cells thereby stabilizing the genome of said hypermutated mammalian expression cells.
 132. A mammalian expression cell produced by the method of claim 124, 127, or
 131. 133. An antibody produced by a mammalian expression cell of claim
 132. 134. A method for in vitro production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin-producing cells comprising: (a) isolating donor cells from an animal; (b) treating said cells with L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester hydrobromide; (c) incubating said donor cells with an immunogenic antigen in vitro, at 25-37° C., 5-10% CO₂, in medium supplemented with 5-15% serum, and a growth promoting cytokine for 4 days; (d) washing said cells in medium; and (e) culturing said cells in medium supplemented with 5-15% serum an additional 8 days; thereby stimulating the production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin-producing cells.
 135. The method of claim 62, 73, 81, 91, 117, or 127 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is an antisense molecule comprising at least 15 consecutive nucleotides of a sequence encoding a protein selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:4; SEQ ID NO:6; SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:10; SEQ ID NO:12; SEQ ID NO:14; SEQ ID NO:16; SEQ ID NO:18; SEQ ID NO:20; SEQ ID NO:22; SEQ ID NO:24; SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:28; SEQ ID NO:30; SEQ ID NO:32; SEQ ID NO:34; SEQ ID NO:36; SEQ ID NO:38; SEQ ID NO:40; SEQ ID NO:42; SEQ ID NO:44; SEQ ID NO:46; SEQ ID NO:48; and SEQ ID NO:50.
 136. The method of claim 62, 73, 81, 91, 117, or 127 wherein said chemical inhibitor of mismatch repair is an antisense molecule comprising at least 15 consecutive nucleotides of a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:1; SEQ ID NO:3; SEQ ID NO:5; SEQ ID NO:7; SEQ ID NO:9; SEQ ID NO:11; SEQ ID NO:13; SEQ ID NO:15; SEQ ID NO:17; SEQ ID NO:19; SEQ ID NO:21; SEQ ID NO:23; SEQ ID NO:25; SEQ ID NO:27; SEQ ID NO:29; SEQ ID NO:31; SEQ ID NO:33; SEQ ID NO:35; SEQ ID NO:37; SEQ ID NO:39; SEQ ID NO:41; SEQ ID NO:43; SEQ ID NO:45; SEQ ID NO:47; and SEQ ID NO:49.
 137. A hybridoma cell producing high affinity antibodies produced by the method of claim
 9. 138. An antibody produced by a hybridoma cell of claim
 137. 